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Julie Cass - Stanford University
Julie Cass - Stanford University

Introduction The acronym LASER, which stands for light
Introduction The acronym LASER, which stands for light

... Laser Introduction The acronym LASER, which stands for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. Of central importance are the fundamental processes that allow amplification at optical frequencies to be obtained. These processes use the energy that is involved when the discrete partic ...
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Experiment 1: Fraunhofer Diffraction of Light by a Single Slit

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... However, this scheme requires synchronization of the input pulse and pump pulse. The third category, coherent conversion, is highly attractive because of the wide bandwidth of the nonlinear susceptibility and the coherent nature of the conversion. A very fast response speed of 100 THz is expected in ...
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... as the Fabry–Perot cavity, which is made by placing the gain medium in between two high-reflecting mirrors. In the case of fiber lasers, mirrors are often butt-coupled to the fiber ends to avoid diffraction losses [7]. In the Fabry–Perot laser cavity The light makes two passes through the gain mediu ...
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... The absorption and subsequent re-radiation of light by organic and inorganic specimens is typically the result of well-established physical phenomena described as being either fluorescence or phosphorescence. The emission of light through the fluorescence process is nearly simultaneous with the abso ...
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... Although our description is shown to be valid for an isotropic material, it also holds true for light propagation in high-symmetry directions in nonisotropic materials, which is often the experimental case. For instance, it applies to normal incidence of light in a fishnet metamaterial, where a nega ...
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... condition for the incoming coherent light. The phase retardation determines the axial ratio of elliptical polarization of the recombined beam after the grid: within a displacement of |λ/2|, the polarization changes from linear to elliptical and circular. Figure 2a illustrates how a user can control ...
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... deep ultraviolet, but geometric factors bring it close to the visible. • In doped semiconductors, the plasma frequency is usually in the infrared. • The plasmon energy for most metals corresponds to that of an ultraviolet photon. However, as mentioned above for some metals like silver, gold, the alk ...
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Nonlinear optics

Nonlinear optics (NLO) is the branch of optics that describes the behavior of light in nonlinear media, that is, media in which the dielectric polarization P responds nonlinearly to the electric field E of the light. This nonlinearity is typically only observed at very high light intensities (values of the electric field comparable to interatomic electric fields, typically 108 V/m) such as those provided by lasers. Above the Schwinger limit, the vacuum itself is expected to become nonlinear. In nonlinear optics, the superposition principle no longer holds.Nonlinear optics remained unexplored until the discovery of Second harmonic generation shortly after demonstration of the first laser. (Peter Franken et al. at University of Michigan in 1961)
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