Liquid-crystal photonic applications
... observed at temperatures below the clearing temperature for transition to the isotropic phase. In this case, the long-range orientational order dominates over thermal fluctuations and the molecules tend to align their long axes in a common direction (denoted by the director L), as shown in Fig. 2(a) ...
... observed at temperatures below the clearing temperature for transition to the isotropic phase. In this case, the long-range orientational order dominates over thermal fluctuations and the molecules tend to align their long axes in a common direction (denoted by the director L), as shown in Fig. 2(a) ...
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... The detailed derivation of Eq. (14) is provided in the appendix. Equation (14) is quite different from the usual coupled mode equation which has been adopted by Marcuse [4–6]. It indicates that the changing ratios of the amplitudes are not only related to the amplitudes of the modes, but also the ch ...
... The detailed derivation of Eq. (14) is provided in the appendix. Equation (14) is quite different from the usual coupled mode equation which has been adopted by Marcuse [4–6]. It indicates that the changing ratios of the amplitudes are not only related to the amplitudes of the modes, but also the ch ...
Focus Variation – a Robust Technology for High
... values between 50 and 300 nm [7]. Another report shows jumps or spikes of half the mean wavelength, which is reported more frequently as the surface gradient increases or when there is a step discontinuity [8]. Other typical limitations of optical instruments are summarized in [1], where one of the ...
... values between 50 and 300 nm [7]. Another report shows jumps or spikes of half the mean wavelength, which is reported more frequently as the surface gradient increases or when there is a step discontinuity [8]. Other typical limitations of optical instruments are summarized in [1], where one of the ...
FINCH: Fresnel Incoherent Correlation Hologram
... although it shows promising prospects, is relatively slow since it is based on capturing tens of scene images from different view angles. Another method is called scanning holography (Poon & Korpel, 1979; Schilling et al., 1997; Poon, 2004; Rosen et al., 2006; Poon, 2007) in which a pattern of Fresn ...
... although it shows promising prospects, is relatively slow since it is based on capturing tens of scene images from different view angles. Another method is called scanning holography (Poon & Korpel, 1979; Schilling et al., 1997; Poon, 2004; Rosen et al., 2006; Poon, 2007) in which a pattern of Fresn ...
Rayleigh scattering. Scattering and absorption by aerosols and
... size distribution Ni(r) and a refractive index (or effective refractive index) mi. NOTE: Do not sum the single scattering albedo and scattering phase functions !!! ...
... size distribution Ni(r) and a refractive index (or effective refractive index) mi. NOTE: Do not sum the single scattering albedo and scattering phase functions !!! ...
Continuous wave Nd:YAG channel waveguide laser produced by
... few micrometers; as a result, the optical intensities within these small volumes reach much higher levels with respect to the bulk samples. Benefiting from high intracavity intensity owing to the reduced active volumes, waveguide lasers show many advantages when compared to their bulk counterparts, ...
... few micrometers; as a result, the optical intensities within these small volumes reach much higher levels with respect to the bulk samples. Benefiting from high intracavity intensity owing to the reduced active volumes, waveguide lasers show many advantages when compared to their bulk counterparts, ...
Sub-wavelength grating for enhanced ring resonator biosensor
... While achieving clinically relevant sensitivities includes both robust surface chemistries that resist fouling while allowing high densities of capture molecules and the native performance of the sensor, many groups have sought to improve the ring resonator’s sensitivity. The sensitivity is determin ...
... While achieving clinically relevant sensitivities includes both robust surface chemistries that resist fouling while allowing high densities of capture molecules and the native performance of the sensor, many groups have sought to improve the ring resonator’s sensitivity. The sensitivity is determin ...
Fundamentals of Free-Space Laser Communicatios
... power as a function of range, telescope aperture sizes and atmospheric transmissions. The link equation can be used to generate power detection curves as a function of range. Figure shows the calculated received power as a function of range for the case of a 10 Mbit/s bandwidth, using a LED operatin ...
... power as a function of range, telescope aperture sizes and atmospheric transmissions. The link equation can be used to generate power detection curves as a function of range. Figure shows the calculated received power as a function of range for the case of a 10 Mbit/s bandwidth, using a LED operatin ...
Using Complementary Acoustic and Optical Techniques for
... important ―biomaterial‖. Hydration of both polymeric surfaces and biomolecular entities in solution and at interfaces is an essential part of their functionality, with coupled water as a crucial factor that affects the interaction of biomolecular adsorption and recognition. We show in Case Study 1 h ...
... important ―biomaterial‖. Hydration of both polymeric surfaces and biomolecular entities in solution and at interfaces is an essential part of their functionality, with coupled water as a crucial factor that affects the interaction of biomolecular adsorption and recognition. We show in Case Study 1 h ...
Complex air-structured optical fibre drawn from a 3D
... finding new applications every day in a whole host of areas from science and engineering to medicine and the arts [1]. They are set to revolutionise manufacturing. Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is one of the most commonly used techniques, being the first and simplest demonstration of 3D printing ...
... finding new applications every day in a whole host of areas from science and engineering to medicine and the arts [1]. They are set to revolutionise manufacturing. Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is one of the most commonly used techniques, being the first and simplest demonstration of 3D printing ...
Unit 1.5 Propagation in Fibre
... For the most common value of α show that for fibres with similar relative refractive indices, core radii and operating wavelengths, the number of modes propagating in a step index fibre is twice that in a graded index fibre ...
... For the most common value of α show that for fibres with similar relative refractive indices, core radii and operating wavelengths, the number of modes propagating in a step index fibre is twice that in a graded index fibre ...
Longitudinal polarization periodicity of unpolarized light passing
... Here, ke is the wave number for an extraordinary wave propagating perpedicularly to the optic axis, whereas kee is the wave number corresponding to an extraordinary wave that travels inside the right wedge in the direction given by βee (see Fig. 1(b)). From Eqs. (13), (14), and (15) it is apparent t ...
... Here, ke is the wave number for an extraordinary wave propagating perpedicularly to the optic axis, whereas kee is the wave number corresponding to an extraordinary wave that travels inside the right wedge in the direction given by βee (see Fig. 1(b)). From Eqs. (13), (14), and (15) it is apparent t ...
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... in the Born approximation, if we identify us = u0 φ . This suggests that by using Eq. (2) as a definition of a generalized complex phase where n can take any value from one to infinity, a range of models are available lying between the Born or Rytov approximations by varying the parameter n. It is p ...
... in the Born approximation, if we identify us = u0 φ . This suggests that by using Eq. (2) as a definition of a generalized complex phase where n can take any value from one to infinity, a range of models are available lying between the Born or Rytov approximations by varying the parameter n. It is p ...
Influence of a thin metal layer on a beam propagation in
... index increases in a linear way to above 16. So it can be seen that the extinction index is much higher than refractive in− dex. Characteristics of refractive and extinction indices for titanium present a totally different shape. Both, refractive and extinction indices present similar value for the ...
... index increases in a linear way to above 16. So it can be seen that the extinction index is much higher than refractive in− dex. Characteristics of refractive and extinction indices for titanium present a totally different shape. Both, refractive and extinction indices present similar value for the ...
Chromatic Dispersion in optical Communications
... The results of simulation in the OptSim program - the eye diagram and the histogram without and with compensation - are shown in the next figures. In the Fig. there is an eye diagram with a not very good separation of signal levels. The Fig. shows corresponding histogram with a big number of values ...
... The results of simulation in the OptSim program - the eye diagram and the histogram without and with compensation - are shown in the next figures. In the Fig. there is an eye diagram with a not very good separation of signal levels. The Fig. shows corresponding histogram with a big number of values ...
Composite THz materials using aligned metallic
... example) developed for strictly periodic structures is relatively straightforward. In our case, due to specifics of the fabrication technique, we create arrays of parallel, while randomly positioned microwires of variable from wire to wire diameters on the order of 1-10 microns. Therefore, applicab ...
... example) developed for strictly periodic structures is relatively straightforward. In our case, due to specifics of the fabrication technique, we create arrays of parallel, while randomly positioned microwires of variable from wire to wire diameters on the order of 1-10 microns. Therefore, applicab ...
OM1 - Faculty of Engineering
... separation of M1 and M2, the separation of L1’ and L2’ is 2d. When d is exactly an integral number of half wavelengths, all rays of light reflected normal to the mirrors will be in phase. However, rays of light reflected at an angle will not in phase in general. Consider a single point source P on L ...
... separation of M1 and M2, the separation of L1’ and L2’ is 2d. When d is exactly an integral number of half wavelengths, all rays of light reflected normal to the mirrors will be in phase. However, rays of light reflected at an angle will not in phase in general. Consider a single point source P on L ...
High-speed and high-efficiency travelling wave single
... of the effective refractive index (as obtained from COMSOL simulations) of the bare and NbN-covered waveguides are identical within 0.4%. Therefore, the optical mode experiences a negligible change in spatial expansion, resulting in a smooth transition between the two regions. The simulated absorpti ...
... of the effective refractive index (as obtained from COMSOL simulations) of the bare and NbN-covered waveguides are identical within 0.4%. Therefore, the optical mode experiences a negligible change in spatial expansion, resulting in a smooth transition between the two regions. The simulated absorpti ...
Influence of heterogeneous refractivity on optical wave
... region along with the influences of an atmospheric phenomenon therein (i.e., LLJ). It is important to note that, in this study, we focus on kilometer-scale atmospheric refraction effects; the microscale effects associated with turbulence are not taken into account. Although the ray tracing cannot ch ...
... region along with the influences of an atmospheric phenomenon therein (i.e., LLJ). It is important to note that, in this study, we focus on kilometer-scale atmospheric refraction effects; the microscale effects associated with turbulence are not taken into account. Although the ray tracing cannot ch ...
Shape Reconstruction from Multiple Images of the Ocean Surface
... excess of 30 Hz, they have limited spatial resolution, generally less than 100 by 100 samples. Furthermore, as in the light gradient method, these systems cross the air-sea interface and may disturb the surface. To design a system capable of recovering instantaneous joint elevation-slope maps over a ...
... excess of 30 Hz, they have limited spatial resolution, generally less than 100 by 100 samples. Furthermore, as in the light gradient method, these systems cross the air-sea interface and may disturb the surface. To design a system capable of recovering instantaneous joint elevation-slope maps over a ...
Optical image recognition of three-dimensional objects
... most important development of incoherent image processing has therefore been the introduction of dualchannel processing, commonly known as two-pupil processing.12–15 The methods of two-pupil synthesis utilize two parallel channels and realize the negative part of the PSF either by a direct differenc ...
... most important development of incoherent image processing has therefore been the introduction of dualchannel processing, commonly known as two-pupil processing.12–15 The methods of two-pupil synthesis utilize two parallel channels and realize the negative part of the PSF either by a direct differenc ...