Elimination of total internal reflection in GaInN light
... complete elimination of total internal reflection is reported. Analytical calculations show that GaInN LEDs with multilayer graded-refractive-index pillars, in which the thickness and refractive index of each layer are optimized, have no total internal reflection. This results in a remarkable improv ...
... complete elimination of total internal reflection is reported. Analytical calculations show that GaInN LEDs with multilayer graded-refractive-index pillars, in which the thickness and refractive index of each layer are optimized, have no total internal reflection. This results in a remarkable improv ...
Light amplificated by stimulated emission of radiation
... Types of Laser Gain Media There are a variety of very different gain media; the most common of them are: Certain direct-bandgap semiconductors such as GaAs, AlGaAs(aluminium Galium arsenide), or InGaAs(aluminium Galium arsenide), are typically pumped with electrical currents, these lasers are often ...
... Types of Laser Gain Media There are a variety of very different gain media; the most common of them are: Certain direct-bandgap semiconductors such as GaAs, AlGaAs(aluminium Galium arsenide), or InGaAs(aluminium Galium arsenide), are typically pumped with electrical currents, these lasers are often ...
Effective Charge Transfer Distances in Cyanide
... in Table 1 is smaller than that of the ∆R values. For 2-4 the values of |∆µ| which were obtained from the comparison of the HOSS with the derivatives of the 2ω-Stark spectra (cf. eq 7) are also listed in Table 1. The noise of the 4ω-HOSS data is similar to that of the 2ω-Stark spectra; however, the ...
... in Table 1 is smaller than that of the ∆R values. For 2-4 the values of |∆µ| which were obtained from the comparison of the HOSS with the derivatives of the 2ω-Stark spectra (cf. eq 7) are also listed in Table 1. The noise of the 4ω-HOSS data is similar to that of the 2ω-Stark spectra; however, the ...
Recent advances in diffuse optical imaging
... of photoelectrons across the tube. PMTs with a TTS of 150–200 ps are available, but for a significantly shorter TTS (<50 ps) it is necessary to employ a microchannel-plate PMT (for examples, see www.hamamatsu.com). To date, the application of time-resolved measurement to diffuse optical imaging has i ...
... of photoelectrons across the tube. PMTs with a TTS of 150–200 ps are available, but for a significantly shorter TTS (<50 ps) it is necessary to employ a microchannel-plate PMT (for examples, see www.hamamatsu.com). To date, the application of time-resolved measurement to diffuse optical imaging has i ...
Optical image recognition of three-dimensional objects
... 2-D to 1-D transformation.5–7 A relevant 3-D to 2-D mapping has been proposed that involves sampling along the 3-D object’s depth, hence representing the object by 2-D sectional depth images.8 Recently, a 3-D joint transform correlator was demonstrated in that 2-D images can be recognized even when ...
... 2-D to 1-D transformation.5–7 A relevant 3-D to 2-D mapping has been proposed that involves sampling along the 3-D object’s depth, hence representing the object by 2-D sectional depth images.8 Recently, a 3-D joint transform correlator was demonstrated in that 2-D images can be recognized even when ...
The generation of nondiffracting beams using
... two coherent fields: a reference wavefield and a signal wavefield of the same wavelength that contains information on the object of interest.4 For this reason, a hologram is sometimes referred to as an interferogram. A setup for making holograms usually involves the splitting of a laser beam to obta ...
... two coherent fields: a reference wavefield and a signal wavefield of the same wavelength that contains information on the object of interest.4 For this reason, a hologram is sometimes referred to as an interferogram. A setup for making holograms usually involves the splitting of a laser beam to obta ...
Femtosecond self-guided atmospheric light strings
... severe thunderstorms18 and several experimental groups are working worldwide on this important problem. In addition, the ability to generate a white-light continuum at a preselected location in the upper atmosphere has huge potential in remote sensing and ladar applications. In fact, an experiment b ...
... severe thunderstorms18 and several experimental groups are working worldwide on this important problem. In addition, the ability to generate a white-light continuum at a preselected location in the upper atmosphere has huge potential in remote sensing and ladar applications. In fact, an experiment b ...
Deconvolution Microscopy
... period of time at low light excitation levels, minimizing the disturbance of cell activity. The greatest limitation of optical microscopy is spatial resolution, which is in the range of the wavelength of light used. The ultimate goal of cell microscopy is to capture the activity of cell components. ...
... period of time at low light excitation levels, minimizing the disturbance of cell activity. The greatest limitation of optical microscopy is spatial resolution, which is in the range of the wavelength of light used. The ultimate goal of cell microscopy is to capture the activity of cell components. ...
Ultralow-Noise SiN Trampoline Resonators for
... degeneracies for the “torsional” modes t1 and t2 ] to within 1% of the observed values. It is worth noting that some peaks in Fig. 1(a) appear artificially small because we did not let the drive dwell on resonance long enough for the mode to ring up; this requires > 10 min per point, and small tempe ...
... degeneracies for the “torsional” modes t1 and t2 ] to within 1% of the observed values. It is worth noting that some peaks in Fig. 1(a) appear artificially small because we did not let the drive dwell on resonance long enough for the mode to ring up; this requires > 10 min per point, and small tempe ...
Liquid-crystal photonic applications
... of the “memory effect” induced by the polymer network. When high polymer concentrations are used in the mixture, the liquid-crystal and polymer can become phase separated after polymerization. In this case, micrometer-sized droplets of liquid-crystal are embedded in a polymer matrix as shown in Fig. ...
... of the “memory effect” induced by the polymer network. When high polymer concentrations are used in the mixture, the liquid-crystal and polymer can become phase separated after polymerization. In this case, micrometer-sized droplets of liquid-crystal are embedded in a polymer matrix as shown in Fig. ...
Large acceptance of non-collinear phase
... precisely control the direction of interactive waves and temperature of the crystal to satisfy phase- matching condition, quasi-phase-matching (QPM) [2–4] which involves a periodic modulation of second-order nonlinearity coefficient to supply the reciprocal vector Gm = 2π m/Λ (Λ, m) to compensate fo ...
... precisely control the direction of interactive waves and temperature of the crystal to satisfy phase- matching condition, quasi-phase-matching (QPM) [2–4] which involves a periodic modulation of second-order nonlinearity coefficient to supply the reciprocal vector Gm = 2π m/Λ (Λ, m) to compensate fo ...
Mode Conversion/Splitting by Optical Analogy of Multistate
... shown in Fig. 7(b). Fig. 8 shows the power in each guided mode along the propagation distance. As explained in Section II.B, is converted adiabatically to . However, the adiabatic mode used in the conversion involves , which is excited in the conversion process as shown clearly in the figure. The ex ...
... shown in Fig. 7(b). Fig. 8 shows the power in each guided mode along the propagation distance. As explained in Section II.B, is converted adiabatically to . However, the adiabatic mode used in the conversion involves , which is excited in the conversion process as shown clearly in the figure. The ex ...
Full-Text PDF
... chemical, and mechanical stability and high transparency [1–5]. Both are also known as hard oxides with high wear and scratch resistance to mechanical damage. Due to a high transmittance over a wide spectral range from the ultraviolet (200 nm) to near-infrared (1.2 µm), low optical absorption and di ...
... chemical, and mechanical stability and high transparency [1–5]. Both are also known as hard oxides with high wear and scratch resistance to mechanical damage. Due to a high transmittance over a wide spectral range from the ultraviolet (200 nm) to near-infrared (1.2 µm), low optical absorption and di ...