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Contribution to the UN Integrated Strategy for the Sahel
Contribution to the UN Integrated Strategy for the Sahel

... officials needs to improve so that the justice system is more effective in protecting the rights of victims and accused persons. Many agree that a poor judicial system hampers any effort to counter drug trafficking, illicit trafficking and organized crime. On the other hand, a well-functioning crim ...
Can we predict escalation in offending seriousness?
Can we predict escalation in offending seriousness?

... different sub-populations of offenders in terms of the seriousness of their crimes. It contributes some important policy implications on how to identify and selectively target a small group of potentially dangerous offenders. In general, most offenders in this sample were likely to be involved in cr ...
IMPROVING JUVENILE JUSTICE
IMPROVING JUVENILE JUSTICE

... led to considerable modifications of juvenile justice legislation both in North America and in Europe. Actually, the main trend in juvenile justice in a number of countries is tending towards an ever more repressive, but not necessarily more effective, system. It is essentially this aspect that worr ...
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case law of the united nations human rights

... 2) Right to leave one's own country, right to a passport 3) Limitations on the enjoyment of the right of freedom of movement 4) Right to enter one's own country Article 13: The right of an alien not to be expelled arbitrarily Article 14: The right to a fair hearing 1) Fair and public hearing a) The ...
Judicial Activism – Justice or Treason?
Judicial Activism – Justice or Treason?

... content we care to give it. Hardly a promising basis for a system of judicial ethics. Such mindless pluralism may however be resisted. Most of us will take ‘according to law’ as a way of limiting how judges may go about doing justice (whatever that is), at least to the point of saying that judges mu ...
An Unfinished Journey: The Evolution of Crime Measurement in the
An Unfinished Journey: The Evolution of Crime Measurement in the

... American novelist, Henry Miller (1945), describes the study of crime as originating within ourselves beginning “with knowledge of oneself” and “all that you despise, all that you loathe, all that you reject, all that you condemn and seek to convert by punishment springs from you.” This portrayal of ...
Making Sense of English Law Enforcement in the Eighteenth Century
Making Sense of English Law Enforcement in the Eighteenth Century

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83 Book Review Cavadino, M and Dignan, J (2008) Penal Systems
83 Book Review Cavadino, M and Dignan, J (2008) Penal Systems

... At first appearance, the scope of this volume is ambitious, and dotted with potential pitfalls for the unwary, as the authors present and analyse information from 12 different countries, with at least one from each continent, exploring the links between criminal justice policies and penal systems on ...
the new technology of risk assessment
the new technology of risk assessment

... Results Individuals on the SSL are not more or less likely to become a victim of a homicide or shooting than the comparison group, and this is further supported by citylevel analysis. The treated group is more likely to be arrested for a shooting. ...
Wisdom of Customary law The wisdom “strength, honour and
Wisdom of Customary law The wisdom “strength, honour and

... sanction, as evidence of universal approbation and acquiescence. They also knew that many property rights were based on possession and long prescriptive right rather than on legal documents. Thus, in both the field of common law and the sphere of property rights, it was recognized that an appeal to ...
Chapter 6 Deviance and Crime
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... Rates of arrest are higher for males than females at every age and for most offenses. Individuals from all social classes commit crimes; they simply commit different kinds of crime. Young males of color between the ages of 12 and 24 have the highest victimization rates. ...
Political Consequences of the Carceral State
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Particularly Serious Crime.
Particularly Serious Crime.

... consequences but fail to rise to the level of culpability that would suggest that they were committed by an individual that had malice aforethought or intent to cause harm or injury to another. Unlike other possible crimes, Respondent was convicted of crimes which involved passive conduct that lacke ...
A Challenge For Proportionality - Irish Sentencing Information System
A Challenge For Proportionality - Irish Sentencing Information System

... reduced from 18 to 12 years’ imprisonment. The latter offences appear to have been committed between the mid-1980s and the early 1990s, and the sentence for those offences was finalised in 1994. While serving that sentence, he was questioned in relation to the 1972 assaults and he made certain admis ...
Separate Opinion by Judge Blair - ICC
Separate Opinion by Judge Blair - ICC

... any construction of the foregoing rules of land warfare. The control and operation of Germany under the Allied Powers' occupation is provisional. It does not transfer any sovereign power of Germany other than for the limited purpose of keeping the peace during occupancy, and for the ultimate rectifi ...
Deviant Behavior and Social Control
Deviant Behavior and Social Control

... view of normalcy and deviance and evaluate behavior according to the values of the culture in which it takes place. Ideally, they do not use their own values to judge the behavior of people from other cultures. Even though social scientists recognize that there is great variation in normal and devia ...
Social Studies - Damien Memorial School
Social Studies - Damien Memorial School

... how to make informed purchasing decisions, students also gain an understanding of fundamental economic concepts. Economics 1/2 elective credit This course is designed to develop an understanding of fundamental economic principles and of the American economic system. Emphasis is placed on comparative ...
Civil Justice for Victims of Crime in Georgia
Civil Justice for Victims of Crime in Georgia

... without that person’s consent. Battery includes the crimes of sexual battery, rape, molestation, fondling, forcible sodomy, malicious wounding, and attempted murder. ...
Effectiveness of an e-Learning Program for Probation Officers
Effectiveness of an e-Learning Program for Probation Officers

... • Temptation is to address the “easier” issues, such as completing GED, or place clients in places with available slots. • Programming for life skills is much less expensive than drug treatment. • Client preference may be to focus on jobseeking, etc. ...
LawHacks - Digital Commons @ Georgia Law
LawHacks - Digital Commons @ Georgia Law

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Verbatim Mac
Verbatim Mac

... the rest…and we are still in love! Afghanistan also has the added benefit of dysfunctional partners in Iraq and Pakistan who are also very sexy to our military planners. Those two countries are so militarily co-dependent that it looks like we will never be breaking up with them…ever. We never really ...
A/HRC/31/47
A/HRC/31/47

... vetting and integrating those groups into formal security forces. Many groups were placed under the nominal authority of the Ministries of Defence, the Interior or Justice, received salaries from the State and, in some cases, given law enforcement and custodial functions. Armed groups appear, howeve ...
Order Dentention - The Courts of Nova Scotia
Order Dentention - The Courts of Nova Scotia

... is to take reasonable care to ensure the things detained is/are preserved until the conclusion of any investigations or until it is required to be provided for the purpose of a preliminary hearing trial or other proceeding. 3. ORDER OF DISPOSITION On being satisfied that there are some things which ...
Patterns of Intergroup Relations Chapter 10, Section 2
Patterns of Intergroup Relations Chapter 10, Section 2

... Refers to the attitudes one has towards another– usually negative. ...
Probation and Probation Services
Probation and Probation Services

... and embedded in society’s general development  Diversity in EU countries due to linguistic,social, cultural political differences  Position and activities of probation services are direct reflelction of developments in criminal justice ...
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Criminalization

Criminalization or criminalisation, in criminology, is ""the process by which behaviors and individuals are transformed into crime and criminals"". Previously legal acts may be transformed into crimes by legislation or judicial decision. However, there is usually a formal presumption in the rules of statutory interpretation against the retrospective application of laws and only the use of express words by the legislature may rebut this presumption. The power of judges to make new law and retrospectively criminalise behaviour is also discouraged. In a less overt way, where laws have not been strictly enforced, the acts prohibited by those laws may also undergo de facto criminalisation through more effective or committed legal enforcement.
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