Single scattering by red blood cells
... deviation of ten measurements on the same sample. 1. Scattering Models The measured phase functions were compared with the predictions of the theoretical scattering models described in Section 2. As can be seen in Fig. 3, good agreement with the Rayleigh–Gans theory is given only within an angular r ...
... deviation of ten measurements on the same sample. 1. Scattering Models The measured phase functions were compared with the predictions of the theoretical scattering models described in Section 2. As can be seen in Fig. 3, good agreement with the Rayleigh–Gans theory is given only within an angular r ...
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... spatial scaling of the correlation time tðkÞ / km of the turbulent velocity field, where k is the small-scale wave number. In particular, the shear-current dynamo in a nonconvective turbulence occurs when the exponent mo1. For the Kolmogorov’s type turbulent convection, the exponent m ¼ 2=3 and sB ¼ ...
... spatial scaling of the correlation time tðkÞ / km of the turbulent velocity field, where k is the small-scale wave number. In particular, the shear-current dynamo in a nonconvective turbulence occurs when the exponent mo1. For the Kolmogorov’s type turbulent convection, the exponent m ¼ 2=3 and sB ¼ ...
Second-harmonic generation of focused ultrashort
... show below, in many practical cases it is possible to find a simple closed-form solution for the discussed problem. Wang and Weiner [15] developed a theoretical framework for calculating the efficiency of Type I SHG by tightly focused and ultrashort pulses with simultaneous spatial and temporal walk ...
... show below, in many practical cases it is possible to find a simple closed-form solution for the discussed problem. Wang and Weiner [15] developed a theoretical framework for calculating the efficiency of Type I SHG by tightly focused and ultrashort pulses with simultaneous spatial and temporal walk ...
Complex air-structured optical fibre drawn from a 3D
... manufacturing. Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is one of the most commonly used techniques, being the first and simplest demonstration of 3D printing in the late 1980s [2]. It is especially suited for instrument prototype casings such as those required for novel smartphone spectrometers [3]. In FDM ...
... manufacturing. Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is one of the most commonly used techniques, being the first and simplest demonstration of 3D printing in the late 1980s [2]. It is especially suited for instrument prototype casings such as those required for novel smartphone spectrometers [3]. In FDM ...
Semiconductor optical amplifier-based all-optical gates
... of the output signal due to the large gain modulation. Nevertheless, the gate has been used with fine results in a number of switch block experiments, e.g., [20], [21]. Moreover, the gate has been used to pioneer very interesting work on format conversion from RZ to NRZ and vice versa [22]. OTDM to ...
... of the output signal due to the large gain modulation. Nevertheless, the gate has been used with fine results in a number of switch block experiments, e.g., [20], [21]. Moreover, the gate has been used to pioneer very interesting work on format conversion from RZ to NRZ and vice versa [22]. OTDM to ...
spectroscopic ellipsometry as a versatile tool to study thin films
... ambient, n=1 and k=0, therefore N=1; θ0, θ1 and d1 are incidence angle and, refraction angle of light from material and, thin film thickness respectively. In figure 2.4, the wave amplitude becomes larger by this interference effect. Interfering beam will be considered as a single light beam with a c ...
... ambient, n=1 and k=0, therefore N=1; θ0, θ1 and d1 are incidence angle and, refraction angle of light from material and, thin film thickness respectively. In figure 2.4, the wave amplitude becomes larger by this interference effect. Interfering beam will be considered as a single light beam with a c ...
Digital Fourier Microscopy for Soft Matter Dynamics
... its structure and dynamics similar to the one obtained in SLS and DLS experiments. The reader should be aware that the term microscopy is used here in a very broad sense because it includes many situations where, due to defocusing [35], speckles [17] or other effects the image of the sample does not ...
... its structure and dynamics similar to the one obtained in SLS and DLS experiments. The reader should be aware that the term microscopy is used here in a very broad sense because it includes many situations where, due to defocusing [35], speckles [17] or other effects the image of the sample does not ...
External Cavity Mode-locked Semiconductor Lasers For
... frequency of the individual comb-lines over time periods longer than 12 minutes are shown to be significantly reduced to <100 kHz in a measurement that is limited by the linewidth of the reference source. The use of these comb sources as local oscillators in multi-heterodyne detection of arbitrary o ...
... frequency of the individual comb-lines over time periods longer than 12 minutes are shown to be significantly reduced to <100 kHz in a measurement that is limited by the linewidth of the reference source. The use of these comb sources as local oscillators in multi-heterodyne detection of arbitrary o ...
16-level differential phase shift keying (D16PSK)
... Since the receiver is based on differential demodulation, pre-coding of the input data signals is required to ensure reception of the correct data. The pre-coder was implemented as a look-up table, by calculating the pre-coded data as a function of all combinations of input data and the previous pre ...
... Since the receiver is based on differential demodulation, pre-coding of the input data signals is required to ensure reception of the correct data. The pre-coder was implemented as a look-up table, by calculating the pre-coded data as a function of all combinations of input data and the previous pre ...
Synthesis, characterization of some transition metal
... supported by TG/DT analysis of these complexes. Hence it is concluded that the coordination takes place via phenolic oxygen and azomethine nitrogen of ligand molecule. Thermogravimetric analysis The dynamic TGA with the percentage mass loss at different steps have been recorded. The simultaneous TG/ ...
... supported by TG/DT analysis of these complexes. Hence it is concluded that the coordination takes place via phenolic oxygen and azomethine nitrogen of ligand molecule. Thermogravimetric analysis The dynamic TGA with the percentage mass loss at different steps have been recorded. The simultaneous TG/ ...
High-Power Diode Lasers under External Optical Feedback
... proper choice of facet reflectivities and device geometries such as waveguide architecture, stripe width or cavity length). External optical feedback can be intentionally implemented, e.g., by external gratings and mirrors widely used for stabilization and controlled tuning of the emission wavelengt ...
... proper choice of facet reflectivities and device geometries such as waveguide architecture, stripe width or cavity length). External optical feedback can be intentionally implemented, e.g., by external gratings and mirrors widely used for stabilization and controlled tuning of the emission wavelengt ...
Reversing Light: Negative Refraction
... dispersion: that is to say they will vary as a function of frequency. Second, the usable bandwidth of negative materials will be relatively narrow compared with positive materials. This can help us answer our initial question as to why materials with both negative ε and µ are not readily found. The ...
... dispersion: that is to say they will vary as a function of frequency. Second, the usable bandwidth of negative materials will be relatively narrow compared with positive materials. This can help us answer our initial question as to why materials with both negative ε and µ are not readily found. The ...