Antibiotic susceptibility of Lactobacillus rhamnosus strains
... part of the normal microflora of the gastrointestinal and female genital tract [6], and also as major components of microflora involved in food fermentation [38]. Probiotic products that contain lactobacilli have long histories of safe use [10]. Bacteriosis caused by lactobacilli is considered to be ...
... part of the normal microflora of the gastrointestinal and female genital tract [6], and also as major components of microflora involved in food fermentation [38]. Probiotic products that contain lactobacilli have long histories of safe use [10]. Bacteriosis caused by lactobacilli is considered to be ...
Serotype distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates
... pathogen in ophthalmic infections like infective keratitis, dachryocystitis and conjunctivitis 1-4. In India, S. pneumoniae is the most common bacterial cause of dachryocystitis, which if left untreated, leads to nasolachrymal duct blockage with grave sequelae 1,3 . S. pneumoniae has been shown to c ...
... pathogen in ophthalmic infections like infective keratitis, dachryocystitis and conjunctivitis 1-4. In India, S. pneumoniae is the most common bacterial cause of dachryocystitis, which if left untreated, leads to nasolachrymal duct blockage with grave sequelae 1,3 . S. pneumoniae has been shown to c ...
Alexander Fleming - Nobel Lecture
... procedures were unavailing, which is not surprising in view of the trouble which the chemists have had with penicillin in recent years. However, I preserved the culture of the mould and used penicillin habitually for differential culture. In 1929, I published the results which I have briefly given t ...
... procedures were unavailing, which is not surprising in view of the trouble which the chemists have had with penicillin in recent years. However, I preserved the culture of the mould and used penicillin habitually for differential culture. In 1929, I published the results which I have briefly given t ...
The Effects of Triclosan Derivatives against the Growth
... Pneumonia, MRSA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphyloccus aureus), tetanus, anthrax, plague—these infections and diseases have one major thing in common: they are all caused by bacteria. Bacteria are single-celled organisms that contain peptidoglycan (a unique structural component) in their cell walls. Th ...
... Pneumonia, MRSA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphyloccus aureus), tetanus, anthrax, plague—these infections and diseases have one major thing in common: they are all caused by bacteria. Bacteria are single-celled organisms that contain peptidoglycan (a unique structural component) in their cell walls. Th ...
SLMA GUIDELINES ON THE USE OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
... inappropriate or irrational use, and even abuse of antimicrobial drugs. Such inappropriate use is due to two misconceptions. a. that bacterial infection is more common than it is, in fact. b. that antibiotics are largely non-toxic and can be used with impunity. Apart from this, it is known that the ...
... inappropriate or irrational use, and even abuse of antimicrobial drugs. Such inappropriate use is due to two misconceptions. a. that bacterial infection is more common than it is, in fact. b. that antibiotics are largely non-toxic and can be used with impunity. Apart from this, it is known that the ...
Developmental Approaches to Antimicrobial Agents for the Battle
... The word antimicrobial was originated from the Greek words anti (against), mikros (little) and bios (life) and covers the all kind of natural, semisynthetic or synthetic agents that kill microorganisms (microbiocidal agents) or inhibit their growth (microbiostatic agents). The targets of antimicrobi ...
... The word antimicrobial was originated from the Greek words anti (against), mikros (little) and bios (life) and covers the all kind of natural, semisynthetic or synthetic agents that kill microorganisms (microbiocidal agents) or inhibit their growth (microbiostatic agents). The targets of antimicrobi ...
Thanks to Penicillin…He Will Come Home!
... 11. How long does it take for the population of bacteria to reach at least one million? 10 hours 12. Imagine that penicillin is given to treat the bacterial infection described by the chart above. Describe how you think the population size will change over time (increase, stay the same, decrease). B ...
... 11. How long does it take for the population of bacteria to reach at least one million? 10 hours 12. Imagine that penicillin is given to treat the bacterial infection described by the chart above. Describe how you think the population size will change over time (increase, stay the same, decrease). B ...
A life in slime – biofilms rule the world
... persistent infections in native tissue. However, in the last years there has been increasing evidence that biofilms, either as single species or mixtures of bacterial and/or fungal species, are responsible for a number of chronic infections. Some of these (e.g. otitis media, prostatitis) are infecti ...
... persistent infections in native tissue. However, in the last years there has been increasing evidence that biofilms, either as single species or mixtures of bacterial and/or fungal species, are responsible for a number of chronic infections. Some of these (e.g. otitis media, prostatitis) are infecti ...
How To Treat Infections Without Using Antibiotics
... Length of therapy generally too long ◦ Poorly studied ◦ Shorter therapy equivalent when studied Especially for outpatients Risk of progressing to severe disease less VAP – CAP example ...
... Length of therapy generally too long ◦ Poorly studied ◦ Shorter therapy equivalent when studied Especially for outpatients Risk of progressing to severe disease less VAP – CAP example ...
Multidrug Efflux Systems in Microaerobic and Anaerobic Bacteria
... Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a gram-positive, facultative bacterium which can grow under oxygen-limited condition by fermentation or nitrate respiration [54]. It can cause a broad range of infectious diseases in humans, ranging from minor skin infections such as pimples, to life-threatening ...
... Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a gram-positive, facultative bacterium which can grow under oxygen-limited condition by fermentation or nitrate respiration [54]. It can cause a broad range of infectious diseases in humans, ranging from minor skin infections such as pimples, to life-threatening ...
BC Yang
... Ideally, bacteriological management of clinical infection should involve: 1. Identification of causative organism 2. Sensitivity test 3. Follow-up the drug effect 4. Monitor antibiotic level to avoid toxicity. ...
... Ideally, bacteriological management of clinical infection should involve: 1. Identification of causative organism 2. Sensitivity test 3. Follow-up the drug effect 4. Monitor antibiotic level to avoid toxicity. ...
gram ++++++++++++++bacteria gram ++++++++++++++
... mobilize actin for horizontal transmission – lysing enterocyte and causing bloody diarrhea ...
... mobilize actin for horizontal transmission – lysing enterocyte and causing bloody diarrhea ...
One common cause of community
... A child develops pneumonia. The bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae is cultured from the patient’s sputum. Cells of the cultured bacteria have thick polysaccharide capsules. How did the presence of capsules promote development of serious disease? A. Prevented binding of antibodies to the bacteria. B ...
... A child develops pneumonia. The bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae is cultured from the patient’s sputum. Cells of the cultured bacteria have thick polysaccharide capsules. How did the presence of capsules promote development of serious disease? A. Prevented binding of antibodies to the bacteria. B ...
Bacterial conjunctivitis: A review for internists
... empirically without culturing the conjunctiva. But in the hospital the organisms and their antibiotic resistance patterns are more varied, so culturing the conjunctiva before starting broad-spectrum therapy may be warranted.15 For an outpatient with possible hyperacute conjunctivitis, it is reasonab ...
... empirically without culturing the conjunctiva. But in the hospital the organisms and their antibiotic resistance patterns are more varied, so culturing the conjunctiva before starting broad-spectrum therapy may be warranted.15 For an outpatient with possible hyperacute conjunctivitis, it is reasonab ...
Full Article - PDF
... best in rich and well-drained soil (but also stands limestone and sand). The A. bilimbi tree is longlived and reaches 5-10 m in height. Bilimbi leaf, 36 cm long, is alternate, imparipinnate and cluster at branch extremities. In the Philippines, the leaf serves as a paste on itches, swelling, rheumat ...
... best in rich and well-drained soil (but also stands limestone and sand). The A. bilimbi tree is longlived and reaches 5-10 m in height. Bilimbi leaf, 36 cm long, is alternate, imparipinnate and cluster at branch extremities. In the Philippines, the leaf serves as a paste on itches, swelling, rheumat ...
Evaluation of extended-spectrum beta
... producers had contributed to treatment failures in ESBLassociated infections. This study focused on the isolation of phenotypically ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from 3 hospitals in Luzon, Philippines. The availability of confirmed ESBLs is valuable in conducting experiments to gain information ab ...
... producers had contributed to treatment failures in ESBLassociated infections. This study focused on the isolation of phenotypically ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from 3 hospitals in Luzon, Philippines. The availability of confirmed ESBLs is valuable in conducting experiments to gain information ab ...
Chlorhexidine: Expanding the Armamentarium for Infection Control
... chlorhexidine decreased skin and environmental contamination with VRE and reduced the incidence of VRE acquisition (risk ratio [RR], 0.4; 95% CI, 0.1–0.9) in a comparison of the intervention period with 2 periods of bathing involving baths that did not contain chlorhexidine [6]. Not only did the int ...
... chlorhexidine decreased skin and environmental contamination with VRE and reduced the incidence of VRE acquisition (risk ratio [RR], 0.4; 95% CI, 0.1–0.9) in a comparison of the intervention period with 2 periods of bathing involving baths that did not contain chlorhexidine [6]. Not only did the int ...
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS)
... infection in immunocompetent persons [2], the resultant infections comprise about 10% of HAIs in the United States of America [3,4,5]. P. aeruginosa is the most common Gram-negative bacterium found in HAIs especially in patients who have been hospitalized longer than one week [6,7] and is reported i ...
... infection in immunocompetent persons [2], the resultant infections comprise about 10% of HAIs in the United States of America [3,4,5]. P. aeruginosa is the most common Gram-negative bacterium found in HAIs especially in patients who have been hospitalized longer than one week [6,7] and is reported i ...
Reflex Testing - Diagnostic Laboratory Services, Inc.
... Reflexed tests are any test that automatically results in the order of one or more secondary tests based on preset criteria applied to the initial test. The secondary tests are almost always an additional charge above the initial test. When ordering a reflexed test, you must consider whether the sec ...
... Reflexed tests are any test that automatically results in the order of one or more secondary tests based on preset criteria applied to the initial test. The secondary tests are almost always an additional charge above the initial test. When ordering a reflexed test, you must consider whether the sec ...
- Research Journal of Pharmacognosy
... Background and objectives: Resistance towards reveling antibiotics has captured great interest in evaluating the antimicrobial properties of the natural plants. Taraxacum mongolicum is widely used as a folklore medicinal plant for its diuretic, antirheumatic and anti-inflammatory properties. Though ...
... Background and objectives: Resistance towards reveling antibiotics has captured great interest in evaluating the antimicrobial properties of the natural plants. Taraxacum mongolicum is widely used as a folklore medicinal plant for its diuretic, antirheumatic and anti-inflammatory properties. Though ...
Surveillance of microbial resistance in European Intensive Care Units: a first
... Calculation of DDD was made easier with an Internet-based “ABC Calc” tool (http://www.escmid.org/esgap, “Scientific issues”). Bacterial isolates, susceptibility testing and breakpoints Samples were taken on clinical indication and cultured and tested at the local microbiology laboratory. Repeat isol ...
... Calculation of DDD was made easier with an Internet-based “ABC Calc” tool (http://www.escmid.org/esgap, “Scientific issues”). Bacterial isolates, susceptibility testing and breakpoints Samples were taken on clinical indication and cultured and tested at the local microbiology laboratory. Repeat isol ...
resisting antibiotic resistance: legal strategies to maintain man`s
... to penicillin.27 Likewise, XDR TB has emerged in more than ninety countries throughout the world. 28 Although a twenty-four month treatment with a highly specialized second-line drug can still combat XDR TB, new evidence shows that the organism is now developing resistance to even this rare and high ...
... to penicillin.27 Likewise, XDR TB has emerged in more than ninety countries throughout the world. 28 Although a twenty-four month treatment with a highly specialized second-line drug can still combat XDR TB, new evidence shows that the organism is now developing resistance to even this rare and high ...
- Wiley Online Library
... Hall et al. 2012) and fungal (Scully and Bidochka 2005) infection as they provide a tractable model host environment. Using this system we find that, in single-genotype infections, these phages appear to have no impact on the growth or virulence of their bacterial host. However, in mixed infections ...
... Hall et al. 2012) and fungal (Scully and Bidochka 2005) infection as they provide a tractable model host environment. Using this system we find that, in single-genotype infections, these phages appear to have no impact on the growth or virulence of their bacterial host. However, in mixed infections ...
Contribution of Horizontal Gene Transfer to Virulence
... Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States and cost up to $4.5 billion annually. Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) contributes to the evolution and emergence of pathogenic strains causing these infections by allowing DNA to be shared ...
... Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States and cost up to $4.5 billion annually. Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) contributes to the evolution and emergence of pathogenic strains causing these infections by allowing DNA to be shared ...
Chapter-6 Biological activity of newly prepared
... The study has been conducted according to the method adopted by Cruickshank et al [9] Nutrient agar broth was melted in a water bath and cooked to 45 0C with gentle shaking to bring about uniform cooling. It was inoculated with 0.5-0.6 ml of 24 hour old culture especially and mixed well by gentle sh ...
... The study has been conducted according to the method adopted by Cruickshank et al [9] Nutrient agar broth was melted in a water bath and cooked to 45 0C with gentle shaking to bring about uniform cooling. It was inoculated with 0.5-0.6 ml of 24 hour old culture especially and mixed well by gentle sh ...
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive coccal bacterium that is a member of the Firmicutes, and is frequently found in the respiratory tract and on the skin. It is often positive for catalase and nitrate reduction. Although S. aureus is not always pathogenic, it is a common cause of skin infections such as abscesses, respiratory infections such as sinusitis, and food poisoning. Pathogenic strains often promote infections by producing potent protein toxins, and expressing cell-surface proteins that bind and inactivate antibodies. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant forms of S. aureus such as MRSA is a worldwide problem in clinical medicine.Staphylococcus was first identified in 1880 in Aberdeen, Scotland, by the surgeon Sir Alexander Ogston in pus from a surgical abscess in a knee joint. This name was later appended to Staphylococcus aureus by Friedrich Julius Rosenbach, who was credited by the official system of nomenclature at the time. An estimated 20% of the human population are long-term carriers of S. aureus which can be found as part of the normal skin flora and in the nostrils. S. aureus is the most common species of Staphylococcus to cause Staph infections and is a successful pathogen due to a combination of nasal carriage and bacterial immunoevasive strategies.S. aureus can cause a range of illnesses, from minor skin infections, such as pimples, impetigo, boils, cellulitis, folliculitis, carbuncles, scalded skin syndrome, and abscesses, to life-threatening diseases such as pneumonia, meningitis, osteomyelitis, endocarditis, toxic shock syndrome, bacteremia, and sepsis. Its incidence ranges from skin, soft tissue, respiratory, bone, joint, endovascular to wound infections. It is still one of the five most common causes of hospital-acquired infections and is often the cause of postsurgical wound infections. Each year, around 500,000 patients in United States' hospitals contract a staphylococcal infection.