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MINIATURIZED FLUORESCENCE EXCITATION PLATFORM WITH OPTICAL FIBER FOR BIO-DETECTION CHIPS
MINIATURIZED FLUORESCENCE EXCITATION PLATFORM WITH OPTICAL FIBER FOR BIO-DETECTION CHIPS

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... able to guide light along one narrow column of a certain length in a laser medium. (For example, we can confine light using the concept of total internal reflection, as described in the following section.) Since this material along that light path can be manipulated to provide stimulated emission (b ...
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X-Ray and Neutron Reflectivity - Physik der molekularen und

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Refractive indexes of (Al,Ga,In)As epilayers on InP for optoelectronic

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Retroreflector



A retroreflector (sometimes called a retroflector or cataphote) is a device or surface that reflects light back to its source with a minimum of scattering. In a retroreflector an electromagnetic wavefront is reflected back along a vector that is parallel to but opposite in direction from the wave's source. The angle of incidence at which the device or surface reflects light in this way is greater than zero, unlike a planar mirror, which does this only if the mirror is exactly perpendicular to the wave front, having a zero angle of incidence.
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