Pricing
... • Charging different prices to different buyers for the same quality and quantity of product – Negotiated pricing: Establishing a final price through bargaining – Secondary-market pricing: Setting one price for the primary target market and a different price for another market – Periodic discounting ...
... • Charging different prices to different buyers for the same quality and quantity of product – Negotiated pricing: Establishing a final price through bargaining – Secondary-market pricing: Setting one price for the primary target market and a different price for another market – Periodic discounting ...
Pricing Strategies
... Price-Adjustment Strategies • Zone pricing means that the company sets up two or more zones where customers within a given zone pay a single total price • Basing-point pricing means that a seller selects a given city as a “basing point” and charges all customers the freight cost associated from tha ...
... Price-Adjustment Strategies • Zone pricing means that the company sets up two or more zones where customers within a given zone pay a single total price • Basing-point pricing means that a seller selects a given city as a “basing point” and charges all customers the freight cost associated from tha ...
Kotler_pom_15e_inppt_11
... Price-Adjustment Strategies • Zone pricing means that the company sets up two or more zones where customers within a given zone pay a single total price • Basing-point pricing means that a seller selects a given city as a “basing point” and charges all customers the freight cost associated from tha ...
... Price-Adjustment Strategies • Zone pricing means that the company sets up two or more zones where customers within a given zone pay a single total price • Basing-point pricing means that a seller selects a given city as a “basing point” and charges all customers the freight cost associated from tha ...
Slide 1
... discount and not transfer it to the customers. Even if the retailer uses the discounted wholesale price to optimize its pricing and ordering decisions, and even if every consumer mails back the rebate, the mail-in rebate strategy is a better strategy for the manufacturer – WHY? ...
... discount and not transfer it to the customers. Even if the retailer uses the discounted wholesale price to optimize its pricing and ordering decisions, and even if every consumer mails back the rebate, the mail-in rebate strategy is a better strategy for the manufacturer – WHY? ...
Three-Tier Pricing Strategy
... discount and not transfer it to the customers. Even if the retailer uses the discounted wholesale price to optimize its pricing and ordering decisions, and even if every consumer mails back the rebate, the mail-in rebate strategy is a better strategy for the manufacturer – WHY? ...
... discount and not transfer it to the customers. Even if the retailer uses the discounted wholesale price to optimize its pricing and ordering decisions, and even if every consumer mails back the rebate, the mail-in rebate strategy is a better strategy for the manufacturer – WHY? ...
The Underutilized Corporate Asset: Strategic Pricing
... revenue targets. Management and sales are concerned that a price increase might cause a decrease in the volume sold and, consequently, in revenue. This forces the average pricing manager to analyze price changes based on volume, with less focus on operating income. In general, brands and sales peopl ...
... revenue targets. Management and sales are concerned that a price increase might cause a decrease in the volume sold and, consequently, in revenue. This forces the average pricing manager to analyze price changes based on volume, with less focus on operating income. In general, brands and sales peopl ...
Objective 3.03 Employ Pricing Strategies to Determine Prices
... psychological pricing for companies with an extensive product line; it involves creating a price range for a particular line, for example a budget clothing line with items all priced below $10. ...
... psychological pricing for companies with an extensive product line; it involves creating a price range for a particular line, for example a budget clothing line with items all priced below $10. ...
evansberman_chapter_21
... day versus evening, time of day, or season. Place-based price discrimination — Prices differ by seat location, floor location, or geographic location. When a firm uses price discrimination, it may apply yield management pricing to determine the mix of price-quantity combinations generating the m ...
... day versus evening, time of day, or season. Place-based price discrimination — Prices differ by seat location, floor location, or geographic location. When a firm uses price discrimination, it may apply yield management pricing to determine the mix of price-quantity combinations generating the m ...
What is Marketing?
... • Popular because: – Sellers more certain about cost than demand. – Simplifies pricing. – When all sellers use, prices are similar and competition is minimized. – Some feel it is more fair to both buyers and sellers. ...
... • Popular because: – Sellers more certain about cost than demand. – Simplifies pricing. – When all sellers use, prices are similar and competition is minimized. – Some feel it is more fair to both buyers and sellers. ...
Price
... A firm sets prices by computing the per-unit costs of producing (buying) goods and/or services and then determining the markup percentages needed to cover selling costs and profit. It is most commonly used by wholesalers and retailers. ...
... A firm sets prices by computing the per-unit costs of producing (buying) goods and/or services and then determining the markup percentages needed to cover selling costs and profit. It is most commonly used by wholesalers and retailers. ...
Ch011.01
... 4. Assume that the merger with Parker leads to the cost reductions projected in the case. What will be the (a) new breakeven point at a $349 retail price for this line of guitars and (b) new profit if it sells 2,000 units? ...
... 4. Assume that the merger with Parker leads to the cost reductions projected in the case. What will be the (a) new breakeven point at a $349 retail price for this line of guitars and (b) new profit if it sells 2,000 units? ...
File
... Price _________ is an effective form of psychological pricing for companies with an __________ product line; it involves creating a price range for a particular line, for example a budget clothing line with items all priced below ...
... Price _________ is an effective form of psychological pricing for companies with an __________ product line; it involves creating a price range for a particular line, for example a budget clothing line with items all priced below ...
Chapter 9
... – Price decisions must be coordinated with product design, distribution, and promotion decisions to form a consistent and effective marketing program. – Target costing: • Pricing that starts with an ideal selling price, then targets costs that will ensure that the price is met. Copyright 2007, Prent ...
... – Price decisions must be coordinated with product design, distribution, and promotion decisions to form a consistent and effective marketing program. – Target costing: • Pricing that starts with an ideal selling price, then targets costs that will ensure that the price is met. Copyright 2007, Prent ...
basic09_ppt 210KB Sep 05 2010 10:45:02 PM
... – Price decisions must be coordinated with product design, distribution, and promotion decisions to form a consistent and effective marketing program. – Target costing: • Pricing that starts with an ideal selling price, then targets costs that will ensure that the price is met. Copyright 2007, Prent ...
... – Price decisions must be coordinated with product design, distribution, and promotion decisions to form a consistent and effective marketing program. – Target costing: • Pricing that starts with an ideal selling price, then targets costs that will ensure that the price is met. Copyright 2007, Prent ...
Price Adjustment Strategies
... company makes fewer but more profitable sales. - This strategy is used because it provides healthy profit margins to recover costs of high R&D. - Demand is curtailed to a level that does not outstrip the firm’s production capacity. - It provides flexibility because it is much easier to lower an init ...
... company makes fewer but more profitable sales. - This strategy is used because it provides healthy profit margins to recover costs of high R&D. - Demand is curtailed to a level that does not outstrip the firm’s production capacity. - It provides flexibility because it is much easier to lower an init ...
Hospitality and Tourism
... Price lining is selling all the products in a product line at specific price points. Bundle pricing is a strategy that involves selling several items as a package for a set price. Loss-leader pricing is pricing an item at cost or below cost to draw customers. Yield-management pricing is pricing item ...
... Price lining is selling all the products in a product line at specific price points. Bundle pricing is a strategy that involves selling several items as a package for a set price. Loss-leader pricing is pricing an item at cost or below cost to draw customers. Yield-management pricing is pricing item ...
Lecture 15
... consumer wants Objective should be to cover all variable costs and if possible some fixed costs • Maximize Current Profit: cash flow or return on investment • Maximum Market Share: (market-penetration pricing) – Assuming high price sensitivity, firms will lower price which should precipitate a drama ...
... consumer wants Objective should be to cover all variable costs and if possible some fixed costs • Maximize Current Profit: cash flow or return on investment • Maximum Market Share: (market-penetration pricing) – Assuming high price sensitivity, firms will lower price which should precipitate a drama ...
Slide 1
... • FOB (free on board) pricing means that the goods are placed free on board a carrier. At that point the title and responsibility passes to the customer, who pays the freight from the factory to the destination. • Uniformed delivery pricing means the company charges the same price plus freight to al ...
... • FOB (free on board) pricing means that the goods are placed free on board a carrier. At that point the title and responsibility passes to the customer, who pays the freight from the factory to the destination. • Uniformed delivery pricing means the company charges the same price plus freight to al ...
Tatyanych Principles effective pricing policy enterprises
... 8) price stability - typically used for the goods of mass demand when prices have remained stable for a long time; 9) gradual decline in prices - is characterized by relatively high prices at the time to market for new products, and the transition to the stage of its growth - a gradual decline in p ...
... 8) price stability - typically used for the goods of mass demand when prices have remained stable for a long time; 9) gradual decline in prices - is characterized by relatively high prices at the time to market for new products, and the transition to the stage of its growth - a gradual decline in p ...
PDF
... Corn and soybean producers have long identified price risk as one of the highest risk management priorities of the farm business. One of the major challenges, as well as sources of frustration, of corn and soybean pricing is the extreme variability in prices, not only across years, but within years. ...
... Corn and soybean producers have long identified price risk as one of the highest risk management priorities of the farm business. One of the major challenges, as well as sources of frustration, of corn and soybean pricing is the extreme variability in prices, not only across years, but within years. ...
Marketing Lessons - Oman College of Management & Technology
... Considered to be core of marketing It is the set of tools that the firm uses to pursue its marketing objectives in the target market Decisions must be made for both the distribution channels and the final consumers ...
... Considered to be core of marketing It is the set of tools that the firm uses to pursue its marketing objectives in the target market Decisions must be made for both the distribution channels and the final consumers ...
MARKETING SUMMARY Chapter 11 Price The Product
... Ex: many cellular phone service providers offer customers a set number of minutes for a monthly fee plus a per-minute rate for extra usage. • Payment pricing makes the consumer think the price is “do-able” by breaking up the total price into smaller amounts payable over time. Ex: The monthly lease a ...
... Ex: many cellular phone service providers offer customers a set number of minutes for a monthly fee plus a per-minute rate for extra usage. • Payment pricing makes the consumer think the price is “do-able” by breaking up the total price into smaller amounts payable over time. Ex: The monthly lease a ...
Pricing - Nelson Education - Marketing for Tourism and Hospitality
... • Contribution of economics to pricing • Specific characteristics of the tourism and hospitality industry that affect pricing policy • Key approaches that companies take towards pricing in tourism • How prices are calculated for new products • Yield management as it applies to tourism • Strategic ve ...
... • Contribution of economics to pricing • Specific characteristics of the tourism and hospitality industry that affect pricing policy • Key approaches that companies take towards pricing in tourism • How prices are calculated for new products • Yield management as it applies to tourism • Strategic ve ...
Chap011
... Channel members may bargain for greater margins Competitors may lower their prices Costs may increase with inflation In the long term, price structures tend to increase for most products as production and marketing costs increase McGraw-Hill/Irwin ...
... Channel members may bargain for greater margins Competitors may lower their prices Costs may increase with inflation In the long term, price structures tend to increase for most products as production and marketing costs increase McGraw-Hill/Irwin ...
Congestion pricing
Congestion pricing or congestion charges is a system of surcharging users of public goods that are subject to congestion through excess demand such as higher peak charges for use of bus services, electricity, metros, railways, telephones, and road pricing to reduce traffic congestion; airlines and shipping companies may be charged higher fees for slots at airports and through canals at busy times. This pricing strategy regulates demand, making it possible to manage congestion without increasing supply. Market economics theory, which encompasses the congestion pricing concept, postulates that users will be forced to pay for the negative externalities they create, making them conscious of the costs they impose upon each other when consuming during the peak demand, and more aware of their impact on the environment.The application on urban roads is currently limited to a few cities, including London, Stockholm, Singapore, and Milan, as well as a few smaller towns. Four general types of systems are in use; a cordon area around a city center, with charges for passing the cordon line; area wide congestion pricing, which charges for being inside an area; a city center toll ring, with toll collection surrounding the city; and corridor or single facility congestion pricing, where access to a lane or a facility is priced.Implementation of congestion pricing has reduced congestion in urban areas, but has also sparked criticism and public discontent. Critics maintain that congestion pricing is not equitable, places an economic burden on neighboring communities, has a negative effect on retail businesses and on economic activity in general, and represents another tax levy.A survey of economic literature on the subject, however, finds that most economists agree that some form of road pricing to reduce congestion is economically viable, although there is disagreement on what form road pricing should take. Economists disagree over how to set tolls, how to cover common costs, what to do with any excess revenues, whether and how ""losers"" from tolling previously free roads should be compensated, and whether to privatize highways. Also, concerns regarding fossil fuel supply and urban transport high emissions of greenhouse gases in the context of climate change have renewed interest in congestion pricing, as it is considered one of the demand-side mechanisms that may reduce oil consumption.