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Wave aberration of human eyes and new descriptors
Wave aberration of human eyes and new descriptors

... on visual performance than modes near the edge of the pyramid (modes having high angular frequency). It has also been reported that modes that are 2 radial orders apart and have the same sign and angular frequency (eg, defocus, spherical aberration) tend to combine to increase visual acuitydin other ...
Optical tweezers using a diode laser
Optical tweezers using a diode laser

... sorting apparatus.6 Further applications await the invention and development of suitable techniques by a cadre of researchers with optical tweezers available to them. To date, most tweezers incorporate Nd:YAG, or an argon-ion laser for the trapping beam, which tend to be large and expensive laborato ...
Principles and Clinical Applications of Ray-Tracing
Principles and Clinical Applications of Ray-Tracing

Document
Document

... appears to come from the focus if the mirror is convex. 2) The second ray should be drawn from the top of the object, through the focus and on reflection becomes parallel to the principal axis. 3) The third ray is drawn toward the pole of the mirror and is reflected such that the angle it makes with ...
Holography
Holography

... (on the order of microns) of the bar will show up as fringes in the reconstructed image. A possible setup for making such a double exposure hologram is shown in Fig. 7, and more information can be found in the references [6]. Upon viewing the developed hologram, one should see a series of fringes cr ...
Optical Parametric Generation Spontaneous parametric down
Optical Parametric Generation Spontaneous parametric down

... e- and o-Wave Phase Matching A large class of nonlinear interactions require orienting the crystal for phase matching. In uniaxial crystals, the phasematching angle depends only on the angle between the Z axis and the k vector of the laser beam. This polar angle is usually called the phase-matching ...
Physics 316 B2 1 Revised 3/7/08 Experiment B2: Monochromatic
Physics 316 B2 1 Revised 3/7/08 Experiment B2: Monochromatic

... holder that permits rotation of the biprism in its own plane. Accurate alignment of the edge of the biprism with the slit (S) is critical to obtain the best fringes. Align the laser, filter, slit (S) and biprism and look, by eye, for fringes. You should be able to see them, and if you use a simple m ...
Optical measurement technique with telecentric lenses
Optical measurement technique with telecentric lenses

... Both photos have been taken with a 35mm format camera (24 x 36 mm), the left one with a moderate wide angle lens (focal length 35 mm) and the right one with a tele-lens of 200 mm focal length. In both pictures the foreground (e.g. the front edge of the chess board) has about the same size. To realiz ...
Image reconstruction in diffuse optical tomography based on
Image reconstruction in diffuse optical tomography based on

... Near infrared (NIR) optical tomography is a non-invasive imaging modality in which the optical properties within a volume of interest can be reconstructed using measured transmission and reflectance NIR data. These calculated optical maps can then be used to derive functional and structural informat ...
Pupil Mapping in 2-D for High-Contrast Imaging
Pupil Mapping in 2-D for High-Contrast Imaging

... that the image of a star will be highly concentrated with minimal sidelobes. The goal is to reduce the sidelobes to less than 10−10 within a very few diffraction widths from the central star. This permits us to separate starlight from planet-light. For perspective, sidelobes less than 10−10 are roug ...
X-ray Optics - Studentportalen
X-ray Optics - Studentportalen

A new approach to sum frequency generation of single
A new approach to sum frequency generation of single

... of suitable gain media at various wavelengths limits the spectral coverage of second harmonic generation (SHG). Another very flexible source of tunable visible light is an optical parametric oscillator, but these have the disadvantage of being complicated to operate and require high pump power sourc ...
Course Outline - Pima Community College
Course Outline - Pima Community College

... propagation of light, diffraction and interference, reflection and refraction at plane surfaces, and spherical mirrors and lenses. Prerequisite(s): With a grade of C or higher: MAT 231 and PHY 210IN. Information: IN is the integrated version of the course with the lecture and lab taught simultaneous ...
Soliton Radiation Beat Analysis of Optical Pulses Generated from
Soliton Radiation Beat Analysis of Optical Pulses Generated from

... high-resolution astronomical spectrographs. However, there is a variety of novel astronomical instruments that operate in the low- and medium resolution range. They also would profit from the deployment of frequency combs as calibration marks. We propose a fibre-based approach for optical frequency ...
PP2325852588
PP2325852588

Organic Nonlinear Optic Devices
Organic Nonlinear Optic Devices

... Nonlinear Fabry-Perot Interferometer Frequency Converter Optical Limiter Integrated Optics Conclusions ...
Viscosity dependence of optical limiting in carbon black
Viscosity dependence of optical limiting in carbon black

... nanosecond pulses, the lower the thermal conductivity of the solvent 共see Table 1兲,15 the lower the limiting onset, and the steeper the slope of the limiting curve. It is clear from Fig. 2共a兲 that, by use of single shot, all three samples provide adequate limitation of the output over the entire ran ...
Made in IBM Labs: Breakthrough Chip Technology Lights the Path to
Made in IBM Labs: Breakthrough Chip Technology Lights the Path to

Guiding and Confining Light in Void Nanostructure
Guiding and Confining Light in Void Nanostructure

... presents optical properties similar to those of the TM eigenmode in the studied slab-based slot-waveguide structure. We numerically simulated the quasi-TE eigenmode of the slot-waveguide structure shown in Fig. 1(b) using a full-vectorial finite difference mode solver [12]. Non-uniform grid mesh is ...
6.0 Mb - Todd Satogata
6.0 Mb - Todd Satogata

... §  Remember that the angles are measured from the normal to the surface. §  There is also a reflected light ray from the surface. ...
Close-range  videometry  -
Close-range videometry -

File - Electrical Engineering
File - Electrical Engineering

...  In a short interval of time each end of the wavefront would move forward a set distance.  If we look at a single ray of light moving through a clear material the distance advanced by the wavefront would be quite regular.There is a widely held view that light always travels at the same speed.  Th ...
8. Beam splitters
8. Beam splitters

... made of optical glass, quartz or single-axis crystals (e.g. CaF2) coated with thin-film layers system. Depending on application it can be either metallic layer or dielectric coating. However one should remember that such an element introduces a shift or deviation into the light beam due to the thick ...
Unit C POS Checklist
Unit C POS Checklist

... The following is a list of ideas and concepts you need to know to be able to pass the Unit C test. They are taken from the Alberta Learning Program of Studies. Check off each idea as you study it at home. General Outcome 1: explain the nature and behaviour of EMR, using the wave model. Knowledge Out ...
lecture1PercSys
lecture1PercSys

... A few quanta within a small area is sufficient to give a sensation of light. Measure number of quanta for a just detectable sensation of light – about 100 quanta. Of those 100 quanta, about 90 are lost on the way to the retina form scatter in the eye. So 10 quanta incident on the retina lead to a se ...
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Harold Hopkins (physicist)

Harold Horace Hopkins FRS (1918–1994) was a renowned British physicist. His Wave Theory of Aberrations, (published by Oxford University Press 1950), is central to all modern optical design and provides the mathematical analysis which enables the use of computers to create the wealth of high quality lenses available today. In addition to his theoretical work, his many inventions are in daily use throughout the world. These include zoom lenses, coherent fibre-optics and more recently the rod-lens endoscopes which 'opened the door' to modern key-hole surgery. He was the recipient of many of the world's most prestigious awards and was twice nominated for a Nobel Prize. His citation on receiving the Rumford Medal from the Royal Society in 1984 stated: ""In recognition of his many contributions to the theory and design of optical instruments, especially of a wide variety of important new medical instruments which have made a major contribution to clinical diagnosis and surgery.""
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