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Coherence scanning interferometry: linear theory of surface
Coherence scanning interferometry: linear theory of surface

... interferometers can be compared in terms of linear system theory [14–18]. In this way the system is characterized either in the space domain by the point spread function (PSF) or equivalently in the (spatial) frequency domain, by the transfer function (TF). As the image of a point-like object, the P ...
Intermittent measurement
Intermittent measurement

Instruments for Optical Spectroscopy-Web
Instruments for Optical Spectroscopy-Web

physics-p7-what-you-should
physics-p7-what-you-should

A Michelson Interferometer-Based Method For Measuring The Angle
A Michelson Interferometer-Based Method For Measuring The Angle

... The angle of rotation of a surface about its axis can be measured in a number of ways based on optical interferometry, internal-reflection of optical elements and fringe projectiont'° Each method has its advantages and limitations. For example, the method ofpoint-of-light triangulation is easy to pe ...
Vol. 26. Is. 5 - Society for Experimental Mechanics
Vol. 26. Is. 5 - Society for Experimental Mechanics

... The entire event is immersed in a medium that has a refractive index n0. The first wave leaves the starting line, and arrives at point A at time t1. The second wave leaves the start line at the same instant the first wave left. But, this wave is required to pass through a slab of refractive material ...
Autofocus for Digital Fresnel Holograms by Use of a Fresnelet
Autofocus for Digital Fresnel Holograms by Use of a Fresnelet

... In the left column of Fig. 6 (a)–(c), we show the amplitude of the unfocused wave fields for three different samples recorded in similar conditions.8 In the center column we present the reconstructed amplitude which is properly focused, using the distance returned by the autofocus. To better underst ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... waveguides that extend to ‘infinity’. On the plane, when restricting to TEpolarization, the propagation of light is described by the Helmholtz Equation (HE). For efficient calculations, we want to enclose the device into a small computational window. The problem is that the boundary should be able t ...
6th grade reflection lab final
6th grade reflection lab final

... 1. Turn the lights off in the classroom. Take each of the 10 filters and the microscope slide from the filter envelope. Hold each filter separately between a flashlight and another white sheet of paper. Decide if the filters are transparent (nearly all light passes through easily onto the white pape ...
Resolution scaling in STED microscopy
Resolution scaling in STED microscopy

... dark and bright states, to achieve such resolutions have since been demonstrated [8-13]. At the same time, STED has been applied to a multitude of imaging tasks [14-17] mainly in biology and more recently, STED microscopes have become commercially available. The resolution achieved by such a far-fie ...
Imaging Properties of Laser-Produced Parabolic Profile Microlenses
Imaging Properties of Laser-Produced Parabolic Profile Microlenses

... the diffraction limited system. All presented microlenses can be divided into two groups. The first group consists of microlens 1 and 2 which have smaller effective focal lengths (–0.055 mm and –0.078 mm) and larger numerical apertures (0.48 and 0.36, corresponding F numbers are F/1 and F/1.3). The ...
EE 420 - Optical Fiber Communications Lab
EE 420 - Optical Fiber Communications Lab

... the results in table1. 18- Reduce z as much as possible by rotation the stage counterclockwise until the gap is almost invisible again. 19- Adjust the x  y stage again for maximum power reading and record the result in the bottom row of table 2. 20- Move the horizontal stage in steps of x  5 m ...
ULTRAFAST MEASUREMENT OF THE OPTICAL
ULTRAFAST MEASUREMENT OF THE OPTICAL

... Concerning the gold data and as noted previously, the first air/Au or glass/Au interface motion occurs nearly simultaneously with the pump laser. Many studies of laser-heated gold have been conducted [6], and have conclusively shown that the electron-phonon coupling in gold is extremely weak, and ca ...
Construction Of Multiple-beam Optical Traps
Construction Of Multiple-beam Optical Traps

... to time-share the laser beam among a set of positions in the specimen plane [18], by rapidly scanning its position back and forth among these (analogous to the way separate traces are created in a multiple-beam oscilloscope). If the light is scanned quickly enough, the rapidly “blinking” individual ...
485-146 - Wseas.us
485-146 - Wseas.us

... The orientation of the waveguide (light propagation direction) was along the optical C axis of the LiNbO3 crystal. The fabricated waveguides had excellent optical quality and low losses (< 1dB). Then thermal indiffusion of a Cu layer was performed to dope the LiNbO3 substrate and provide photosensit ...
Ref. “Optical Materials”
Ref. “Optical Materials”

... For any angle 2 larger that the critical angle, light will be completely reflected to the medium. This process is what we call Total internal reflection We will come back to this to explain light guiding in optical fibers ...
A Study on Rayleigh Backscattering Noise in Single Fiber
A Study on Rayleigh Backscattering Noise in Single Fiber

... both forward and backward directions are equal. This type of scattering is called the Rayleigh scattering. In this type of scattering, the scattered intensity varies inversely as the fourth power of wavelength. For larger particles (r > /10), the angular distribution of scattered intensity becomes ...
Saturated 13.2 nm high-repetition-rate laser in nickellike cadmium
Saturated 13.2 nm high-repetition-rate laser in nickellike cadmium

... range of time delays between the prepulse and the heating pulse. Optimum amplification is observed to occur for a time delay of 100– 200 ps. The optimum delay for lasing in this Ni-like Cd line is observed to be significantly shorter than the ⬃700 ps required for maximum laser output in the 18.9 nm ...
Input
Input

... tical frequency 1113. Furthermore, since the dispersion and frequency of the light beam emerging therefrom. characteristics of the modulating medium 11 are also It is a feature of the invention that the light to be 55 dependent on the density of electrons available for inter modulated has .a frequen ...
WHY IS AN EINSTEIN RING BLUE? Jonathan  Blackledge Stokes Professorship: Annual
WHY IS AN EINSTEIN RING BLUE? Jonathan Blackledge Stokes Professorship: Annual

... • GR is a geometric theory of gravity • GR is a non-causal theory of gravity and relies of a concept that is based on a field • GR does not include dispersive effects associated with the propagation and scattering of a wavefield and consequently does not explain why an Einstein ring is blue • GR doe ...
File - SPHS Devil Physics
File - SPHS Devil Physics

...  If the incident ray is in ...
Document
Document

... It is along the line joining the two point charges. It is attractive if the charges are of opposite signs and repulsive if the charges have the ...
High-efficiency blue generation by frequency doubling of
High-efficiency blue generation by frequency doubling of

... agreement with Eq. (4). The absolute efficiencies are all ,3 times lower than predicted when a nonlinear coeff icient deff ­ 20 pmyV is used; the reason for this discrepancy is not understood. For comparison, the well-known theoretical focusing dependence expected in the long-pulse or quasi-cw limit ...
1 Optical Phenomena
1 Optical Phenomena

... Total Internal Reflection Light is reflected and refracted when the flashlight is under the water. The proportion of light refracted and reflected is shown by the different size arrows.  When light moves from a material where the speed of light is slower to a material  where the speed of light is fa ...
Self-rotation of resonant elliptically polarized light in collision
Self-rotation of resonant elliptically polarized light in collision

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Harold Hopkins (physicist)

Harold Horace Hopkins FRS (1918–1994) was a renowned British physicist. His Wave Theory of Aberrations, (published by Oxford University Press 1950), is central to all modern optical design and provides the mathematical analysis which enables the use of computers to create the wealth of high quality lenses available today. In addition to his theoretical work, his many inventions are in daily use throughout the world. These include zoom lenses, coherent fibre-optics and more recently the rod-lens endoscopes which 'opened the door' to modern key-hole surgery. He was the recipient of many of the world's most prestigious awards and was twice nominated for a Nobel Prize. His citation on receiving the Rumford Medal from the Royal Society in 1984 stated: ""In recognition of his many contributions to the theory and design of optical instruments, especially of a wide variety of important new medical instruments which have made a major contribution to clinical diagnosis and surgery.""
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