The effects of longitudinal chromatic aberration and a shift in the
... retinal image with defocus from LCA, and calculation of M-cone contrast of the defocused retinal image when the peak sensitivity of the M-cone fundamental is varied. Because M-cone contrast varies with the plane of focus we calculated M-cone contrast when the eye is focused to maximize luminance con ...
... retinal image with defocus from LCA, and calculation of M-cone contrast of the defocused retinal image when the peak sensitivity of the M-cone fundamental is varied. Because M-cone contrast varies with the plane of focus we calculated M-cone contrast when the eye is focused to maximize luminance con ...
the Quantifying Scatter PDF
... Of course all scatter measurements are integrations over a detector collection aperture, but the TIS designation is reserved for situations where the attempt is to gather as much scattered light as possible, while “angle resolved” designs are created to gain information from the distribution of the ...
... Of course all scatter measurements are integrations over a detector collection aperture, but the TIS designation is reserved for situations where the attempt is to gather as much scattered light as possible, while “angle resolved” designs are created to gain information from the distribution of the ...
Paraxial propagation of Mathieu beams through an apertured ABCD
... imposed by the McCutchen theorem [11]. Recently, Gutiérrez-Vega et al. [7,8] have introduced and demonstrated experimentally the existence of Mathieu beams, based on the resolution of Helmholtz equation in the elliptic cylindrical coordinates. These beams are the elliptical generalization of the Be ...
... imposed by the McCutchen theorem [11]. Recently, Gutiérrez-Vega et al. [7,8] have introduced and demonstrated experimentally the existence of Mathieu beams, based on the resolution of Helmholtz equation in the elliptic cylindrical coordinates. These beams are the elliptical generalization of the Be ...
Part 1
... can be exposed at linewidths down to 30 nm. In order to write concentric circular patterns, such as Freznel zone plates, software was developed to generate arbitrary arcs of an annulus with user-specified start and finish radii and angles. The SEBL facility also houses a Raith Turnkey 150 system as ...
... can be exposed at linewidths down to 30 nm. In order to write concentric circular patterns, such as Freznel zone plates, software was developed to generate arbitrary arcs of an annulus with user-specified start and finish radii and angles. The SEBL facility also houses a Raith Turnkey 150 system as ...
Total Internal Reflection Spectroscopy for Studying Soft Matter
... when the surface sensitivity is not necessary, for example in sum-frequency generation where the surface sensitivity is intrinsic to the technique but a TIR geometry is still convenient experimentally since the signal scales as the sixth power of the electric fields at the interface. Finally, TIR te ...
... when the surface sensitivity is not necessary, for example in sum-frequency generation where the surface sensitivity is intrinsic to the technique but a TIR geometry is still convenient experimentally since the signal scales as the sixth power of the electric fields at the interface. Finally, TIR te ...
Ellipsometry of light scattering from multilayer coatings
... Therefore the polarimetric phase d could be basically deduced from Eq. ~12! and direct measurements made of locations and amplitudes of the extrema of G. However, the key point in ellipsometry concerns the sensitivity and accuracy of the measurements, for which reason we prefer to fit the measuremen ...
... Therefore the polarimetric phase d could be basically deduced from Eq. ~12! and direct measurements made of locations and amplitudes of the extrema of G. However, the key point in ellipsometry concerns the sensitivity and accuracy of the measurements, for which reason we prefer to fit the measuremen ...
Redox-induced lower mantle density contrast and effect on mantle
... (∼1.2 mol%, Supplementary Table 1), it does suggest that some Al dissolved into the Bm. Indeed, both sets of samples include Al in their Bm compositions as determined by EPMA (Supplementary Table 3). Bm has two sites for cations in the structure, that is, the 8–12 coordinated A site, and the octahed ...
... (∼1.2 mol%, Supplementary Table 1), it does suggest that some Al dissolved into the Bm. Indeed, both sets of samples include Al in their Bm compositions as determined by EPMA (Supplementary Table 3). Bm has two sites for cations in the structure, that is, the 8–12 coordinated A site, and the octahed ...
Quantum imaging and information
... technology. The research I present aims to answer the question: What are practical applications of these effects and what are the limits of those applications? It is often the case when dealing with complex problems that consideration of a related but simplified problem is useful. In imaging applica ...
... technology. The research I present aims to answer the question: What are practical applications of these effects and what are the limits of those applications? It is often the case when dealing with complex problems that consideration of a related but simplified problem is useful. In imaging applica ...
The Optical and Physical Advisor: Peter Collings
... crystals exhibit a degree of order similar to a solid, having both orientational and positional order. Others have only orientational order. The extent of the ordering can even vary within a particular sample, in a particular liquid crystal phase, depending on outside conditions such as the presence ...
... crystals exhibit a degree of order similar to a solid, having both orientational and positional order. Others have only orientational order. The extent of the ordering can even vary within a particular sample, in a particular liquid crystal phase, depending on outside conditions such as the presence ...
Development of a Total Internal Reflection Illumination System for
... background fluorescence required further modification to an evanescent wave illumination system. This can, in principle, be done through the objective or externally. The external illumination system proved to be ...
... background fluorescence required further modification to an evanescent wave illumination system. This can, in principle, be done through the objective or externally. The external illumination system proved to be ...
Optical negative refraction by four-wave mixing in thin metallic nanostructures LETTERS *
... introduced as the Huygens–Fermat principle1 , states that the incidence and refracted angles of a light wave at the interface of two different materials are related to the ratio of the refractive indices in each medium. Whereas all natural materials have a positive refractive index and therefore exh ...
... introduced as the Huygens–Fermat principle1 , states that the incidence and refracted angles of a light wave at the interface of two different materials are related to the ratio of the refractive indices in each medium. Whereas all natural materials have a positive refractive index and therefore exh ...
Excitation of a one-dimensional evanescent wave by conical edge
... single edge. Consequently, the periodicity between Au stripes is intentionally kept large at 20 μ m to avoid any cross-talk between adjacent structures. The excitation of surface plasmon in a single stripe is achieved by focussing a monochromatic three dimensional Gaussian beam. The finite-size exci ...
... single edge. Consequently, the periodicity between Au stripes is intentionally kept large at 20 μ m to avoid any cross-talk between adjacent structures. The excitation of surface plasmon in a single stripe is achieved by focussing a monochromatic three dimensional Gaussian beam. The finite-size exci ...
... great thickness with the recording materials currently available. There are easy methods of preparation to achieve dry thick layers using photopolymers as holographic recording materials [4], but this thickness of materials not necessary implies a high effective optical thickness of material. In ot ...
Characterization of the pH-Mediated Solubility of Bacillus
... p H used in the solubilization (Figure 2). The solubility below p H 4, has not been reported for any other B.t. 6-endotoxin. It still fails, however, to explain dissolution of the crystals at midgut pH values approaching 5. Other factors in the midgut, e.g. surfactants, could modify this curve suffi ...
... p H used in the solubilization (Figure 2). The solubility below p H 4, has not been reported for any other B.t. 6-endotoxin. It still fails, however, to explain dissolution of the crystals at midgut pH values approaching 5. Other factors in the midgut, e.g. surfactants, could modify this curve suffi ...
Imaging with Terahertz Pulses
... Numerous applications have been demonstrated where THz imaging could be a valuable complement to existing technologies for non-invasive testing, including the detection of faults or delaminations in packaged integrated circuits and the location of air bubbles or cracks within polymer or ceramic part ...
... Numerous applications have been demonstrated where THz imaging could be a valuable complement to existing technologies for non-invasive testing, including the detection of faults or delaminations in packaged integrated circuits and the location of air bubbles or cracks within polymer or ceramic part ...
Generalized shifts and weak values for polarization components of
... values when |F i and |Ei are almost orthogonal, as the overlap in the numerator is not necessarily particularly small, although the denominator can approach zero arbitrarily. Hence weak values can be arbitrarily large even when the spectrum of  is bounded, and as such are sometimes called ‘superwe ...
... values when |F i and |Ei are almost orthogonal, as the overlap in the numerator is not necessarily particularly small, although the denominator can approach zero arbitrarily. Hence weak values can be arbitrarily large even when the spectrum of  is bounded, and as such are sometimes called ‘superwe ...
Heriot-Watt University Multi-millijoule few-cycle mid
... because of their role in high harmonic generation1–3, filamentation4–6, unusual regimes for nonlinear optical phenomena7 and particle acceleration8. These applications benefit from the extended oscillation period of the driving electromagnetic field and require, besides the long carrier wavelength, an ...
... because of their role in high harmonic generation1–3, filamentation4–6, unusual regimes for nonlinear optical phenomena7 and particle acceleration8. These applications benefit from the extended oscillation period of the driving electromagnetic field and require, besides the long carrier wavelength, an ...
gaussian beam optics
... we will treat the characteristics of a theoretical Gaussian beam (M2=1); then, in the section Real Beam Propagation we will show how these characteristics change as the beam deviates from the theoretical. In all cases, a circularly symmetric wavefront is assumed, as would be the case for a helium ne ...
... we will treat the characteristics of a theoretical Gaussian beam (M2=1); then, in the section Real Beam Propagation we will show how these characteristics change as the beam deviates from the theoretical. In all cases, a circularly symmetric wavefront is assumed, as would be the case for a helium ne ...
Effect of ABCD transformations on beam paraxiality
... The concept of paraxiality applied to optical beams refers to how accurate is the paraxial approximation (PA) for describing the propagation of a light beam through a given optical system. The ondulatory foundation of the PA is based on the assumption that the complex amplitude of the field slowly v ...
... The concept of paraxiality applied to optical beams refers to how accurate is the paraxial approximation (PA) for describing the propagation of a light beam through a given optical system. The ondulatory foundation of the PA is based on the assumption that the complex amplitude of the field slowly v ...
the Scanned PDF
... scopies discussed below. Qualitative MO theory and of spectralmethodsfor studyingthe nature of has been used to interpret X-ray emissionspectra the electronicstructure and for assessingmineral for sometime (Dodd and Glenn, 1969; Smith and stability. O'Nions, 1972a, 1972b), but such interpretations C ...
... scopies discussed below. Qualitative MO theory and of spectralmethodsfor studyingthe nature of has been used to interpret X-ray emissionspectra the electronicstructure and for assessingmineral for sometime (Dodd and Glenn, 1969; Smith and stability. O'Nions, 1972a, 1972b), but such interpretations C ...
Generation of diffractive optical elements onto a photopolymer using a
... frequency diffractive optical elements (DOEs) from binary amplitude masks [5] onto the photopolymer, with good results. The same technique was used to analyze the suitability of a wide range of holographic recording materials at low spatial frequencies so as to register DOEs and optical correlation ...
... frequency diffractive optical elements (DOEs) from binary amplitude masks [5] onto the photopolymer, with good results. The same technique was used to analyze the suitability of a wide range of holographic recording materials at low spatial frequencies so as to register DOEs and optical correlation ...
Use of beam parameters in optical component testing
... he cross moment 〈 xu〉 is also the radius of curvature of the beam at the measurement location. This method has been used recently by several authors in evaluating the accuracy of making M 2 measurements with Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensors.5,8,9 In many ways, this method is similar to the gradient ...
... he cross moment 〈 xu〉 is also the radius of curvature of the beam at the measurement location. This method has been used recently by several authors in evaluating the accuracy of making M 2 measurements with Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensors.5,8,9 In many ways, this method is similar to the gradient ...
description and unique crystal-structure of waterhouseite, a
... contained some small clusters of very small and thin brownish, blade-like crystals which energy-dispersion X-ray analysis showed to contain manganese, phosphorus and a minor amount of arsenic. The powder X-ray-diffraction pattern could not be matched to any known mineral, although similarities were ...
... contained some small clusters of very small and thin brownish, blade-like crystals which energy-dispersion X-ray analysis showed to contain manganese, phosphorus and a minor amount of arsenic. The powder X-ray-diffraction pattern could not be matched to any known mineral, although similarities were ...