244065
... The interaction of photons with metallic nanoparticles and nanoantennas is important to a number of emerging nanotechnology applications due to the large enhancement and tight localization of electromagnetic fields in the vicinity of nanoparticles and nanoantennas. This interaction has potential app ...
... The interaction of photons with metallic nanoparticles and nanoantennas is important to a number of emerging nanotechnology applications due to the large enhancement and tight localization of electromagnetic fields in the vicinity of nanoparticles and nanoantennas. This interaction has potential app ...
The discovery of X-rays diffraction: from crystals to DNA. A case
... parallelepiped may thus have any lengths and be inclined at any angles to one other). The comparison of the theory with the experimental data was done by Laue in the simplest case, namely that of zinc blende. He arrived at the conclusion that the diagrams were perfectly explainable on the assumption ...
... parallelepiped may thus have any lengths and be inclined at any angles to one other). The comparison of the theory with the experimental data was done by Laue in the simplest case, namely that of zinc blende. He arrived at the conclusion that the diagrams were perfectly explainable on the assumption ...
Break-up of two-dimensional bright spatial solitons due to transverse
... amount of noise that can be decomposed in a set of Fourier harmonics with different transverse wave numbers ky . In a linear regime the intensity of each harmonic grows with the propagation distance as ² exp[2Γ x], where Γ (ky ) is the harmonics’ growth rate (see fig. 1) and ² is its initial intensi ...
... amount of noise that can be decomposed in a set of Fourier harmonics with different transverse wave numbers ky . In a linear regime the intensity of each harmonic grows with the propagation distance as ² exp[2Γ x], where Γ (ky ) is the harmonics’ growth rate (see fig. 1) and ² is its initial intensi ...
Evanescent-field optical microscopy: effects of polarization, tip
... laser beam is propagating from left to right. The image has been differentiated in the horizontal line scan direction in order to enhance the wave pattern surrounding the sphere. The pattern displays the modulation in field intensity caused by interference between the field scattered by the sphere a ...
... laser beam is propagating from left to right. The image has been differentiated in the horizontal line scan direction in order to enhance the wave pattern surrounding the sphere. The pattern displays the modulation in field intensity caused by interference between the field scattered by the sphere a ...
Transmission Electron Microscopy of Mineralogy
... Dislocations in a deformed region where the original density of clusters was low. There are two sets of dislocations. It appears no clusters or strain-free bubbles in specimens deformed in low temperature. The observation suggests that the water (originally in the cluster) is now distributed in the ...
... Dislocations in a deformed region where the original density of clusters was low. There are two sets of dislocations. It appears no clusters or strain-free bubbles in specimens deformed in low temperature. The observation suggests that the water (originally in the cluster) is now distributed in the ...
setting up of a total internal reflection fluorescent microscope
... In a perfect lens with no spherical aberration the diffraction pattern at the paraxial (perfect) focal point is both symmetrical and periodic in the lateral and axial planes. When viewed in either axial meridian (x-y or y-z) the diffraction image can have various shapes depending on the type of inst ...
... In a perfect lens with no spherical aberration the diffraction pattern at the paraxial (perfect) focal point is both symmetrical and periodic in the lateral and axial planes. When viewed in either axial meridian (x-y or y-z) the diffraction image can have various shapes depending on the type of inst ...
MAMMOGRAPHIC DETECTORS
... An Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) electrode (labeled A) is uniformly deposited on the photoconducting layer usually with thermal evaporation. This electrode is called the ‘top electrode’. The top electrode is positively biased with a high voltage to create an electric field in the photoconductor’s bulk that ...
... An Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) electrode (labeled A) is uniformly deposited on the photoconducting layer usually with thermal evaporation. This electrode is called the ‘top electrode’. The top electrode is positively biased with a high voltage to create an electric field in the photoconductor’s bulk that ...
Fourier Optics
... of the screen. In this way, the picture is passed unchanged and the lines are eliminated. 4. Image correlation. More complicated filters can be made by photography. One interesting application is the comparison of various objects with a reference one, for example, a set of alphanumeric characters. W ...
... of the screen. In this way, the picture is passed unchanged and the lines are eliminated. 4. Image correlation. More complicated filters can be made by photography. One interesting application is the comparison of various objects with a reference one, for example, a set of alphanumeric characters. W ...
Crystals and photons*
... spacing of the atomic planes in the crystal. In the second class of vibration, we are dealing with movements which can only be understood or described in terms of the atomic architecture of the crystal. Such vibrations are referred to as the optical vibrations of the lattice. Some of these optical v ...
... spacing of the atomic planes in the crystal. In the second class of vibration, we are dealing with movements which can only be understood or described in terms of the atomic architecture of the crystal. Such vibrations are referred to as the optical vibrations of the lattice. Some of these optical v ...
Spectrum of spatial frequency of terahertz vortex Bessel beams formed using phase plates with spiral zones
... To explain the experimental results, we have carried out additional calculations in which we varied the structure of the plates. The results are presented in Fig. 6. To reveal weak higher-order angular spectrum components, we present images with a low contrast = 0.15 ( = 0.10 for the amplitude p ...
... To explain the experimental results, we have carried out additional calculations in which we varied the structure of the plates. The results are presented in Fig. 6. To reveal weak higher-order angular spectrum components, we present images with a low contrast = 0.15 ( = 0.10 for the amplitude p ...
Tomographic Interference Microscopy of Living Cells
... related to interference microscopes. According to its functional characteristics, it can be classified as a computerized optical tomographic system for optically transparent (phase) or absorptive (amplitude) samples. Its basic advantage consists in that it can measure spatial distribution of refract ...
... related to interference microscopes. According to its functional characteristics, it can be classified as a computerized optical tomographic system for optically transparent (phase) or absorptive (amplitude) samples. Its basic advantage consists in that it can measure spatial distribution of refract ...
On the diffraction limit for lensless imaging
... photography that, although the best aperture diameters are usually stated within 0.01 mm, deviations on the order of 0.1 mm have little effect on image quality. It appears that Rayleigh reached a similar conclusion. He mentioned that Petzval's value, u = 'n, was quoted in a pamphlet on pinhole photo ...
... photography that, although the best aperture diameters are usually stated within 0.01 mm, deviations on the order of 0.1 mm have little effect on image quality. It appears that Rayleigh reached a similar conclusion. He mentioned that Petzval's value, u = 'n, was quoted in a pamphlet on pinhole photo ...
Crystallization of Escherichia coli ribosomes
... coli ribosomes. We have obtained ordered threedimensional microcrystals. After washing and redissolving, the crystalline ribosomes sediment with a coefficient of 70 S in a sucrose gradient and are biologically active in the poly(U) in vitro system. Electron micrographs of thin sections of the crysta ...
... coli ribosomes. We have obtained ordered threedimensional microcrystals. After washing and redissolving, the crystalline ribosomes sediment with a coefficient of 70 S in a sucrose gradient and are biologically active in the poly(U) in vitro system. Electron micrographs of thin sections of the crysta ...
Activity 3.1 – The Dispersion Equation Activity 3.2 – The Wavelength
... you look through both the slits and the window of the Diffraction Plate, you should be able to see clearly both the interference pattern and the illuminated scale on the Diffraction Scale. NOTE: In this experiment, you look through the narrow slits at the light source, and the diffraction pattern is ...
... you look through both the slits and the window of the Diffraction Plate, you should be able to see clearly both the interference pattern and the illuminated scale on the Diffraction Scale. NOTE: In this experiment, you look through the narrow slits at the light source, and the diffraction pattern is ...
Imaging Laboratory Exercise Scanning Electron Microscope
... the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) the beam is scanned over the object and the reflected (scattered) beam is then imaged by the detector. In the case of TEM the sample needs to be very thin so as to allow for the passage of the electrons. The SEM requires highly conductive samples so as not to c ...
... the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) the beam is scanned over the object and the reflected (scattered) beam is then imaged by the detector. In the case of TEM the sample needs to be very thin so as to allow for the passage of the electrons. The SEM requires highly conductive samples so as not to c ...
OPTICAL CONSTANTS OF URANIUM NITRIDE IN THE XUV
... The CXRO data is computed using the atomic scattering factors of uranium and nitrogen. The scattering factors of the two materials are combined by weighting them according to their respective densities in the film. This speculative approach works well for shorter wavelengths, but it begins to break ...
... The CXRO data is computed using the atomic scattering factors of uranium and nitrogen. The scattering factors of the two materials are combined by weighting them according to their respective densities in the film. This speculative approach works well for shorter wavelengths, but it begins to break ...
startest
... observed. Next, the ring diminishes in size and intensity and gives way to a core with a rather bright set of surrounding diffraction rings. Eventually, the size of this structure reaches a minimum and then becomes a small, intense core surrounded by a diffuse halo. Beyond the paraxial plane a growi ...
... observed. Next, the ring diminishes in size and intensity and gives way to a core with a rather bright set of surrounding diffraction rings. Eventually, the size of this structure reaches a minimum and then becomes a small, intense core surrounded by a diffuse halo. Beyond the paraxial plane a growi ...
Chapter 11. Photoelasticity. Introduction Sample problems 11
... polarized light incident on a half wave plate with the fast axis making an angle of 450 with the vertical axis. Get the expression of the emerging wavefronts and the type of polarization. Solution to 11-S1 Figure P11.1 shows the scheme of the plane polarized light incident on a quarter wave plate. D ...
... polarized light incident on a half wave plate with the fast axis making an angle of 450 with the vertical axis. Get the expression of the emerging wavefronts and the type of polarization. Solution to 11-S1 Figure P11.1 shows the scheme of the plane polarized light incident on a quarter wave plate. D ...
b1.2. generation and propagation of higher order gaussian beams
... a confocal microscope leads to lots of spatial and temporal changes to the beam. Hence, it needs to be understood while using such higher order Gaussian beams. It has been thought that Gaussian beam propagating through an ideal thin lens or a mirror with small curvature undergoes a change in paramet ...
... a confocal microscope leads to lots of spatial and temporal changes to the beam. Hence, it needs to be understood while using such higher order Gaussian beams. It has been thought that Gaussian beam propagating through an ideal thin lens or a mirror with small curvature undergoes a change in paramet ...
Holographic fabrication of 3D photonic crystals using silicon based
... electromagnetic wave propagation is forbidden [1,2]. Studies of photonic crystals have been driven by their potential applications. One-dimensional PhCs such as fiber Bragg gratings can be fabricated easily for applications in fiber optical communications and fiber sensors [3]. Two-dimensional PhCs ...
... electromagnetic wave propagation is forbidden [1,2]. Studies of photonic crystals have been driven by their potential applications. One-dimensional PhCs such as fiber Bragg gratings can be fabricated easily for applications in fiber optical communications and fiber sensors [3]. Two-dimensional PhCs ...
Short-pulse limits in optical instrumentation design for the S
... incorporated, interference can still be generated along the Bragg direction even though such contributions will grow rapidly weaker. Although the small-scale features of LCLS pulses are still orders of magnitude longer than this limit (i.e., with respect to interatomic distances in crystals), diffra ...
... incorporated, interference can still be generated along the Bragg direction even though such contributions will grow rapidly weaker. Although the small-scale features of LCLS pulses are still orders of magnitude longer than this limit (i.e., with respect to interatomic distances in crystals), diffra ...
Ultrafast holographic Stokesmeter for polarization imaging in real time Mark Kleinschmit
... SFS 苷 MFS Si , where MFS11 苷 MFS22 苷 tjj 2 1 t⬜ 2 , MFS12 苷 MFS21 苷 t⬜ 2 2 tjj 2 , and MFS33 苷 MFS44 苷 2tjj t⬜ . MFS is the Mueller matrix for the transmission from the front surface and tk and t⬜ are the Fresnel transmission coeff icients corresponding to the components of linearly polarized light ...
... SFS 苷 MFS Si , where MFS11 苷 MFS22 苷 tjj 2 1 t⬜ 2 , MFS12 苷 MFS21 苷 t⬜ 2 2 tjj 2 , and MFS33 苷 MFS44 苷 2tjj t⬜ . MFS is the Mueller matrix for the transmission from the front surface and tk and t⬜ are the Fresnel transmission coeff icients corresponding to the components of linearly polarized light ...
Measurement of Surface Quality 1. Lyot Test 2. FECO 3. Nomarski
... centered, the path lengths are equal and white light is seen for a perfect test surface with no tilt. When the polarizer and analyzer are crossed and the prism centered, no light gets through. When the prism is translated sideways, the two beams have unequal paths and different colors are seen. The ...
... centered, the path lengths are equal and white light is seen for a perfect test surface with no tilt. When the polarizer and analyzer are crossed and the prism centered, no light gets through. When the prism is translated sideways, the two beams have unequal paths and different colors are seen. The ...
Experimental study of Bloch vector analysis in nonlinear, finite
... of elements in one, two, or three dimensions (1D, 2D, 3D)—be they atoms, molecules, thin layers of materials, or any generic building block—gives rise to allowed and forbidden bands for wave propagation, the Bloch vector plays a leading role in describing the band structure [1,2]. In this article we ...
... of elements in one, two, or three dimensions (1D, 2D, 3D)—be they atoms, molecules, thin layers of materials, or any generic building block—gives rise to allowed and forbidden bands for wave propagation, the Bloch vector plays a leading role in describing the band structure [1,2]. In this article we ...
1. Wave Nature of Light
... Gaussian beam that fits into the cavity is that beam whose wavefronts at the mirrors match the curvature of the mirrors. Consider the symmetric resonator shown in Figure 1.1 in which the mirrors have the same radius of curvature R. When a wave starts at A, its wavefront is the same as the curvature ...
... Gaussian beam that fits into the cavity is that beam whose wavefronts at the mirrors match the curvature of the mirrors. Consider the symmetric resonator shown in Figure 1.1 in which the mirrors have the same radius of curvature R. When a wave starts at A, its wavefront is the same as the curvature ...