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LI2013 (10) – Syntax (for students)
LI2013 (10) – Syntax (for students)

...  Ex: study hard, play the guitar  In Adjective Phrase (AP):  Functions like an adjective, head is adjective (Adj)  Ex: very tall, quite certain  In Prepositional Phrase (PP):  Head is preposition (Prep) [in, on, with, etc.]  Ex: in the class, above the earth ...
Pronouns
Pronouns

... An object pronoun is used as the direct/indirect object or the object of a preposition. Give the book to me. The teacher gave her a reprimand. I will tell you a story. Susan read it to them. ...
22-Pragmatics
22-Pragmatics

... • A set of “maxims” exist for contributions to a conversation • These maxims make conversation orderly and sensible (more or less) • They are not rules; they do not need to be followed. ...
Knots in My Yo-Yo String By: Jerry Spinelli with a focus on pronouns
Knots in My Yo-Yo String By: Jerry Spinelli with a focus on pronouns

... Indefinite pronouns are used to refer to people, places, or things that are unknown or not stated.  An indefinite pronoun does not refer to any specific person, thing or amount. It is vague and "not definite".  Some typical indefinite pronouns are: all, another, any, anybody/anyone, anything, each ...
PowerPoint Presentation - Norwell Public Schools
PowerPoint Presentation - Norwell Public Schools

... An object pronoun is used as the direct/indirect object or the object of a preposition. Give the book to me. The teacher gave her a reprimand. I will tell you a story. Susan read it to them. ...
File - Ascc CAPP English
File - Ascc CAPP English

... An object pronoun is used as the direct/indirect object or the object of a preposition. Give the book to me. The teacher gave her a reprimand. I will tell you a story. Susan read it to them. ...
Pronoun Review - Madison County Schools
Pronoun Review - Madison County Schools

... since she felt that his father did the majority of the work. Complex with a singular masculine pronoun ...
Sample
Sample

... The latest version of the SHSAT has 20 revising/editing questions. Students that have strong grammar skills will excel at this part of the test. This is cause for joy for students from private schools, and particularly Catholic schools, as these schools spend much more time on grammar than public sc ...
Pattern 3
Pattern 3

... Photo license ...
Pragmatics - The Bases Produced Home Page
Pragmatics - The Bases Produced Home Page

... • The final homework for the class will be due next Wednesday. • …for which you will need to understand the material I am going to go over in today’s lecture. • …and also some Semantics (to be discussed in the next two lectures) • Note: extra reading on Pragmatics has been posted to the course webpa ...
sentence analysis - FS: It works!
sentence analysis - FS: It works!

... (imperatives, voluntatives) ...
defining relative clause
defining relative clause

... Because there are two parts to the sentence it is called cleft(from the verb cleave) which means divided into two. Cleft sentences are particularly useful in writing where we cannot use intonation for purposes of focus or emphasis, but they are also frequently used in speech. Cleft structures includ ...
English 3318: Studies in English Grammar
English 3318: Studies in English Grammar

... Decide whether it is a nominal clause or an adjectival relative clause. If it is a relative clause, identify the noun phrase that the clause modifies. If it is a nominal clause, identify what nominal function the embedded clause plays in the sentence. 1. The “voice-over the Internet protocol” (VOIP) ...
File - TSEN-95-61
File - TSEN-95-61

...  Keep this in mind as we go through. ...
The Independent Clause and Simple Sentence
The Independent Clause and Simple Sentence

... this is not one of them. To avoid or correct a comma splice without changing the words or adding word, you have the same two choices as you have for correcting or avoiding a run-on sentence. 1. Insert a period before the second sentence: I enjoyed the anthology very much. The stories still remain in ...
jargon buster - Gorsey Bank Primary School
jargon buster - Gorsey Bank Primary School

... mentioned, and is introduced by that, which, who, whom, whose, when, or where. A relative clause can either restrict meaning: For example: Of all Tolkien’s books, the one which I prefer is The Hobbit. Or it can simply add further information, in which case you put a comma before it: For example: The ...
Building Sentences
Building Sentences

... this is not one of them. To avoid or correct a comma splice without changing the words or adding word, you have the same two choices as you have for correcting or avoiding a run-on sentence. 1. Insert a period before the second sentence: I enjoyed the anthology very much. The stories still remain in ...
Tatian Corpus of Deviating Examples T
Tatian Corpus of Deviating Examples T

... High German are sometimes ambiguous between main and subordinate clauses. Cf. sum tuomo uuas In sumero burgi/ ther niforhta got (T 200, 3031) lat. Iudex quidam erat In quadam ciuitate/ qui deum non timebat ‘a certain judge was in a certain town DEM NEG-feared God ...
1 The College Guide to Brushing Up On Grammar and Style
1 The College Guide to Brushing Up On Grammar and Style

... Covered with pictures of spiders, Shirley did not want to step inside Chuck’s room.   ...
SPaG Level 3-5 Practice Test (Set 3) - Answers
SPaG Level 3-5 Practice Test (Set 3) - Answers

... is demarcated with a comma as this marks off a part of the sentence that is not essential (the boy’s name). The second main clause is preceded by a fronted adverbial punctuated by a comma. The relative clause starting ’which’ should also be separated from the main clause with a comma because it is n ...
Semicolons
Semicolons

... Punctuate each sentence correctly by adding a semicolon, a comma, or both. 1. I hate to wash my car’s windows nevertheless it’s a job that must be done. 2. My guitar is old and rusty however it sounds beautiful. 3. We toured the darkroom then we watched the models pose for the photographer. 4. Schoo ...
Fragments and Run-Ons
Fragments and Run-Ons

... Correct the following Took a trip home last summer. I ran into Fred after my long absence he is unable to have children. Didn’t ask if he still plays with firecrackers.  During a trip home last summer, I ran into Fred after a long absence. He is unable to have children. I didn’t ask if he still pl ...
Machine-to-man communication by speech Part II: Synthesis of
Machine-to-man communication by speech Part II: Synthesis of

... grammatical function in the sentence. An agreement test, however, compares the rightmost "noun" with any determiners that may reflect grammatical number. In this case, [that] is a singular demonstrative pronoun, so we know that [lives] does not agree with it, and hence must be a verb. After the agre ...
Independent and Dependent Clauses
Independent and Dependent Clauses

... I added another clause that has a subject (A Nightmare on Elm Street), a verb (is) and is a complete thought. In other words, I added an independent clause. Now the incomplete thought (or fragment) is a complete sentence! Notice that the dependent clause is now called a subordinate clause. Now it’s ...
Basic Sentence Parts
Basic Sentence Parts

... Subject of the Sentence 6. Infinitive phrase is a verb form usually introduced by the article “to”, followed by the base form of the verb, its object and modifiers, if any. One of its functions is as a noun substitute. — To generate electricity requires a power source. — To expand its office manpow ...
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Sloppy identity

In linguistics, Sloppy Identity is an interpretive issue involved in contexts like Verb Phrase Ellipsis where the identity of the pronoun in an elided VP (Verb Phrase) is not identical to the antecedent VP.For example, English allows VPs to be elided, as in example 1). The elided VP can be interpreted in at least two ways, namely as in (1a) or (1b) for this example.In (1a), the pronoun his refers to John in both the first and the second clause. This is done by assigning the same index to John and to both the “his” pronouns. This is called the “strict identity” reading because the elided VP is interpreted as being identical to the antecedent VP.In (1b), the pronoun his refers to John in the first clause, but the pronoun his in the second clause refers to Bob. This is done by assigning a different index to the pronoun his in the two clauses. In the first clause, pronoun his is co-indexed with John, in the second clause, pronoun his is co-indexed with Bob. This is called the “sloppy identity” reading because the elided VP is not interpreted as identical to the antecedent VP.1) John scratched his arm and Bob did too.This sentence can have a strict reading:1) a. Johni scratched hisi arm and Bobj [scratched hisi arm] too.Or a sloppy reading:1) b. Johni scratched hisi arm and Bobj [scratched hisj arm] too.
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