Microplastics as contaminants in the marine
... and air-blasting, improperly disposed “user” plastics and plastic leachates from refuse sites. With approximately half the world’s population residing within fifty miles of the coast, these kinds of plastic have a high potential to enter the marine environment via rivers and wastewater-systems, or b ...
... and air-blasting, improperly disposed “user” plastics and plastic leachates from refuse sites. With approximately half the world’s population residing within fifty miles of the coast, these kinds of plastic have a high potential to enter the marine environment via rivers and wastewater-systems, or b ...
Work plan of the EU Chairmanship_December 2016
... Integrating healthy ecosystems and economic growth in one coherent policy, does not only require knowledge and innovation but also that the resources of the sea are well-managed and protected where necessary. Marine protected areas (MPA) are one of the most important tools to achieve that. They help ...
... Integrating healthy ecosystems and economic growth in one coherent policy, does not only require knowledge and innovation but also that the resources of the sea are well-managed and protected where necessary. Marine protected areas (MPA) are one of the most important tools to achieve that. They help ...
Frontiers Ecology Environment esa
... DeMaster 2006) and assuming that killer whale numbers have remained the same. As a result of could support seven smaller minke these changes in abundance, the risk of predation has increased for great whales and prey whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) availability has declined for killer whales. Al ...
... DeMaster 2006) and assuming that killer whale numbers have remained the same. As a result of could support seven smaller minke these changes in abundance, the risk of predation has increased for great whales and prey whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) availability has declined for killer whales. Al ...
Whales as marine ecosystem engineers (PDF Available)
... DeMaster 2006) and assuming that killer whale numbers have remained the same. As a result of could support seven smaller minke these changes in abundance, the risk of predation has increased for great whales and prey whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) availability has declined for killer whales. Al ...
... DeMaster 2006) and assuming that killer whale numbers have remained the same. As a result of could support seven smaller minke these changes in abundance, the risk of predation has increased for great whales and prey whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) availability has declined for killer whales. Al ...
Book_of_Abstracts_01Oct2011.
... The aim of this conference is to bring together early career scientists to present and discuss their research in an engaged, multidisciplinary environment and offer opportunities to discover potential synergies between wide-ranging topics, thereby fostering interdisciplinary research. Sessions are t ...
... The aim of this conference is to bring together early career scientists to present and discuss their research in an engaged, multidisciplinary environment and offer opportunities to discover potential synergies between wide-ranging topics, thereby fostering interdisciplinary research. Sessions are t ...
David BARBER - 174460
... relationship between freshwater input and air-sea CO2 exchange has been identified [Else et al., 2008a, 2013], suggesting that changes in the timing, quantity, and quality of freshwater inputs to the Bay may significantly affect its ability to absorb atmospheric CO2. Beyond the estuaries, freshwater ...
... relationship between freshwater input and air-sea CO2 exchange has been identified [Else et al., 2008a, 2013], suggesting that changes in the timing, quantity, and quality of freshwater inputs to the Bay may significantly affect its ability to absorb atmospheric CO2. Beyond the estuaries, freshwater ...
Milky Seas: A New Science Frontier for Nighttime Visible
... On rare occasions over the centuries, mariners have returned from long excursions at sea with fascinating tales of glowing ocean waters. The ‘milky seas’ coined by these observers describes vast expanses of seemingly ‘white’ water which glow constantly and over great distances. Milky seas are noctur ...
... On rare occasions over the centuries, mariners have returned from long excursions at sea with fascinating tales of glowing ocean waters. The ‘milky seas’ coined by these observers describes vast expanses of seemingly ‘white’ water which glow constantly and over great distances. Milky seas are noctur ...
here - EuroGOOS
... EuroGOOS is an International Non-Profit Association of national governmental agencies and research organisations, committed to European-scale operational oceanography within the context of the intergovernmental Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS). It was founded in 1994 and has today 37 members fro ...
... EuroGOOS is an International Non-Profit Association of national governmental agencies and research organisations, committed to European-scale operational oceanography within the context of the intergovernmental Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS). It was founded in 1994 and has today 37 members fro ...
Zylinski, S. and S. Johnsen (2014). Visual cognition in deep
... The mesopelagic habitat offers a different set of ecological requirements: animals can pass their entire lives without coming in contact with any abiotic structure, with hundreds (if not thousands) of metres of water above and below them. Underwater light decreases exponentially with depth, and by 1 ...
... The mesopelagic habitat offers a different set of ecological requirements: animals can pass their entire lives without coming in contact with any abiotic structure, with hundreds (if not thousands) of metres of water above and below them. Underwater light decreases exponentially with depth, and by 1 ...
Pacific Regional Oceans Policy - Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat
... world’s surface. They are the last great frontier and their conservation and sustainable use is vital to the well being and survival of the human race. Pacific Island communities inhabit the islands scattered throughout an ocean across which some of the most inspiring migrations in human history hav ...
... world’s surface. They are the last great frontier and their conservation and sustainable use is vital to the well being and survival of the human race. Pacific Island communities inhabit the islands scattered throughout an ocean across which some of the most inspiring migrations in human history hav ...
The Global Oxygen Cycle - Lithosphere Fluid Research Group
... One of the key defining features of Earth as a planet that houses an active and diverse biology is the presence of free molecular oxygen (O2) in the atmosphere. The concentration of O2 and the variations in O2 distribution in both temporal and spatial directions are the result of interacting biologi ...
... One of the key defining features of Earth as a planet that houses an active and diverse biology is the presence of free molecular oxygen (O2) in the atmosphere. The concentration of O2 and the variations in O2 distribution in both temporal and spatial directions are the result of interacting biologi ...
Scale-dependent distribution of soft
... for 30 to 40 d yr–1 and surface temperatures can rise to above 20°C in summer). More detailed descriptions of the study area can be found elsewhere regarding hydrographical (Seinä & Peltola 1991) and environmental characteristics (Bonsdorff & Blomqvist 1993, Bonsdorff et al. 1997, Perus & Bonsdorff ...
... for 30 to 40 d yr–1 and surface temperatures can rise to above 20°C in summer). More detailed descriptions of the study area can be found elsewhere regarding hydrographical (Seinä & Peltola 1991) and environmental characteristics (Bonsdorff & Blomqvist 1993, Bonsdorff et al. 1997, Perus & Bonsdorff ...
1 ` ENSO Jigsaw [Key Science Knowledge Module] 1 Activity
... tracks) that control weather in the temperateby phytoplankton, which support high fish zones. Changes in the position of the warm production. With a shallower thermocline, pool in the Pacific Ocean can affect much of nutrients necessary for life in the ocean are the world's weather. closer to the su ...
... tracks) that control weather in the temperateby phytoplankton, which support high fish zones. Changes in the position of the warm production. With a shallower thermocline, pool in the Pacific Ocean can affect much of nutrients necessary for life in the ocean are the world's weather. closer to the su ...
Results of efforts by the Convention on Biological significant marine areas
... of marine areas recognized by the international community for their greater importance for biodiversity it is their importance for biodiversity itself not conservation as process explicitly excluded management issues than their surroundings. This comes at a critical juncture in negotiations at the U ...
... of marine areas recognized by the international community for their greater importance for biodiversity it is their importance for biodiversity itself not conservation as process explicitly excluded management issues than their surroundings. This comes at a critical juncture in negotiations at the U ...
POLICY BRIEF on Recent Progress in the Management of Marine Areas
... in marine areas beyond national jurisdiction. The commercial fishing industry in ABNJ has seen consistent growth in recent years. In 2009, the FAO reported that the global catch of deepwater fish species had more than doubled since 1999.1 Shipping, a large portion of which is conducted in ABNJ accou ...
... in marine areas beyond national jurisdiction. The commercial fishing industry in ABNJ has seen consistent growth in recent years. In 2009, the FAO reported that the global catch of deepwater fish species had more than doubled since 1999.1 Shipping, a large portion of which is conducted in ABNJ accou ...
Ch12Pres - Leornian.org
... – Rising levels of other infrared-absorbing gases will also likely enhance the greenhouse effect. • Methane, nitrous oxide, and halocarbons © AMS ...
... – Rising levels of other infrared-absorbing gases will also likely enhance the greenhouse effect. • Methane, nitrous oxide, and halocarbons © AMS ...
geohab core research project: second open science meeting
... densities in remote coastal areas, for example, of Norway, British Columbia, Chile, New Zealand, etc.; thus, they are usually not directly subject to eutrophication. Coastal embayments are a broader category of an ecosystem type; generally, such systems comprise relatively shallow near-shore marine ...
... densities in remote coastal areas, for example, of Norway, British Columbia, Chile, New Zealand, etc.; thus, they are usually not directly subject to eutrophication. Coastal embayments are a broader category of an ecosystem type; generally, such systems comprise relatively shallow near-shore marine ...
Scientific Synthesis of the Impacts of Ocean Fertilization
... The ocean is one of the largest natural reservoirs of carbon, storing about 20 times more carbon than the terrestrial biosphere and soils, and playing a significant role in the regulation of atmospheric CO2 and climate due to its large heat capacity and global-scale circulation mechanisms. Globally, ...
... The ocean is one of the largest natural reservoirs of carbon, storing about 20 times more carbon than the terrestrial biosphere and soils, and playing a significant role in the regulation of atmospheric CO2 and climate due to its large heat capacity and global-scale circulation mechanisms. Globally, ...
Group worksheets Task 3
... Many, many years later and snow and ice have been falling on the mountains. The snow and ice compacts to become a cold, iceblue glacier. The glacier gradually pushes through the tall, snowcapped mountain range, two inches a year, and erodes it into a Ushaped valley. The glacier moves earth and bould ...
... Many, many years later and snow and ice have been falling on the mountains. The snow and ice compacts to become a cold, iceblue glacier. The glacier gradually pushes through the tall, snowcapped mountain range, two inches a year, and erodes it into a Ushaped valley. The glacier moves earth and bould ...
1. Ocean planet
... and enables us to know what level the water will be at in the port or along the beach. In some countries, tide coefficients are used to show this variation. Tsunamis are also undulatory movements of the mass of water. Fortunately, they do not occur very often and are generally associated with some s ...
... and enables us to know what level the water will be at in the port or along the beach. In some countries, tide coefficients are used to show this variation. Tsunamis are also undulatory movements of the mass of water. Fortunately, they do not occur very often and are generally associated with some s ...
Multiple Equilibria as a Possible Mechanism for
... 1980. Moreover, agreement for the 1950s is limited, and the extremely high values in the earliest part of the Estimated State of the Global Ocean for Climate Research (ESTOC), for example, appear to upset the parameter estimation procedure, resulting in significantly worse results. For the AR5 proce ...
... 1980. Moreover, agreement for the 1950s is limited, and the extremely high values in the earliest part of the Estimated State of the Global Ocean for Climate Research (ESTOC), for example, appear to upset the parameter estimation procedure, resulting in significantly worse results. For the AR5 proce ...
Ocean Circulation - Thermohaline Circulation
... In closing, two ocean regions deserve special mention: the equatorial ocean and the extreme southern ocean. Equatorial regions have substantially different dynamics compared with models discussed above because Coriolis accelerations are negligible on the Equator, where f ¼ 0. The wind-related proces ...
... In closing, two ocean regions deserve special mention: the equatorial ocean and the extreme southern ocean. Equatorial regions have substantially different dynamics compared with models discussed above because Coriolis accelerations are negligible on the Equator, where f ¼ 0. The wind-related proces ...
Wealth from the Oceans: Use, Stewardship, and Security
... In turn, the total dense network of seafloor structures and pipelines connecting them evokes a railroad map of Britain (Figure 4). The pipelines in the Gulf stretch about 700 miles from Corpus Christi, Texas, to Mobile, Alabama, about the distance from New York to Chicago. In 2009, operators pumped ...
... In turn, the total dense network of seafloor structures and pipelines connecting them evokes a railroad map of Britain (Figure 4). The pipelines in the Gulf stretch about 700 miles from Corpus Christi, Texas, to Mobile, Alabama, about the distance from New York to Chicago. In 2009, operators pumped ...
Testimony By Admiral James D. Watkins, U.S. Navy (Retired)
... coastal waters and harming marine life. Many fish populations are declining and some of our ocean’s most majestic creatures have nearly disappeared. Along our coasts, habitats that are essential to fish and wildlife and provide valuable services to humanity continue to suffer significant losses. Non ...
... coastal waters and harming marine life. Many fish populations are declining and some of our ocean’s most majestic creatures have nearly disappeared. Along our coasts, habitats that are essential to fish and wildlife and provide valuable services to humanity continue to suffer significant losses. Non ...
Ecosystem of the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre
The North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG) is the largest contiguous ecosystem on earth. In oceanography, a subtropical gyre is a ring-like system of ocean currents rotating clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere caused by the Coriolis Effect. They generally form in large open ocean areas that lie between land masses.The NPSG is the largest of the gyres as well as the largest ecosystem on our planet. Like other subtropical gyres, it has a high-pressure zone in its center. Circulation around the center is clockwise around this high-pressure zone. Subtropical gyres make up 40% of the Earth’s surface and play critical roles in carbon fixation and nutrient cycling. This particular gyre covers most of the Pacific Ocean and comprises four prevailing ocean currents: the North Pacific Current to the north, the California Current to the east, the North Equatorial Current to the south, and the Kuroshio Current to the west. Its large size and distance from shore has caused the NPSG to be poorly sampled and thus poorly understood.The life processes in open-ocean ecosystems are a sink for the atmosphere’s increasing CO2. Gyres make up a large proportion, approximately 75%, of what we refer to as the open ocean, or the area of the ocean that does not consist of coastal areas. They are considered oligotrophic, or nutrient poor because they are far from terrestrial runoff. These regions were once thought to be homogenous and static habitats. However, there is increasing evidence that the NPSG exhibits substantial physical, chemical, and biological variability on a variety of time scales. Specifically, the NPSG exhibits seasonal and interannual variations in primary productivity (simply defined as the production of new plant material), which is important for the uptake of CO2.The NPSG is not only a sink for CO2 in the atmosphere, but also other pollutants. As a direct result of this circular pattern, gyres act like giant whirlpools and become traps for anthropogenic pollutants, such as marine debris. The NPSG has become recognized for the large quantity of plastic debris floating just below the surface in the center of the gyre. This area has recently received a lot of media attention and is commonly referred to as the Great Pacific Garbage Patch.