Dynamic Simulation of Optical MEM Switches
... In this paper, we concentrate on the modeling and simulation of a 2x2 optical MEM switch. This architecture consists of a set of four optical fibers in the shape of a “+” sign, with the input and output fibers facing each other through a free-space gap. The switching system is in the “cross” state w ...
... In this paper, we concentrate on the modeling and simulation of a 2x2 optical MEM switch. This architecture consists of a set of four optical fibers in the shape of a “+” sign, with the input and output fibers facing each other through a free-space gap. The switching system is in the “cross” state w ...
NO2422242227
... first one, index guiding PCF, guides light by total internal reflection between a solid core and a cladding region with multiple air holes [3][4]. On the other hand, the second one uses a perfectly periodic structure exhibiting a photonic band gap (PBG) effect at the operating wavelength to guide li ...
... first one, index guiding PCF, guides light by total internal reflection between a solid core and a cladding region with multiple air holes [3][4]. On the other hand, the second one uses a perfectly periodic structure exhibiting a photonic band gap (PBG) effect at the operating wavelength to guide li ...
Long, Formal Report
... Fiber Amplifiers and Regenerators are necessary for long haul circuits. The difference between the two is that amplifiers only take the signal and boost its levels, which often includes noise. This can have an effect with the signal to noise ratio that will show up as attenuation on the signal level ...
... Fiber Amplifiers and Regenerators are necessary for long haul circuits. The difference between the two is that amplifiers only take the signal and boost its levels, which often includes noise. This can have an effect with the signal to noise ratio that will show up as attenuation on the signal level ...
Few Mode Transmission Fiber With Low DGD, Low Mode Coupling
... Typical measurement results for the fabricated fiber are summarized in Table II. Dispersion was measured using an EG&G CD400. Modefield diameter and effective area were measured using a Photon Kinetics PK2210 with a variable aperture unit. Attenuation was measured using two-way OTDR, and polarizatio ...
... Typical measurement results for the fabricated fiber are summarized in Table II. Dispersion was measured using an EG&G CD400. Modefield diameter and effective area were measured using a Photon Kinetics PK2210 with a variable aperture unit. Attenuation was measured using two-way OTDR, and polarizatio ...
تحليل التوليد الفائق المســـــــتمر في الياف البلورة
... power (corresponding small order soliton ). The fact that P0 small makes L NL large and thus the band remain narrow. With the increasing of P0 , the L NL will be lower and the corresponding will be raised in soliton order. Compatibility of this increase with a decrease in the length of fission Lfiss ...
... power (corresponding small order soliton ). The fact that P0 small makes L NL large and thus the band remain narrow. With the increasing of P0 , the L NL will be lower and the corresponding will be raised in soliton order. Compatibility of this increase with a decrease in the length of fission Lfiss ...
Micro-Displacement Sensor Based on a Hollow
... multiple modes: besides the fundamental core mode they present higher order core modes, cladding modes and surface modes [7]. Even so, there is substantial attenuation of the different types of modes along the fiber length and after light propagation through a long length of the fiber only core guid ...
... multiple modes: besides the fundamental core mode they present higher order core modes, cladding modes and surface modes [7]. Even so, there is substantial attenuation of the different types of modes along the fiber length and after light propagation through a long length of the fiber only core guid ...
Comparison of simplified theories in the analysis of the diffraction
... different normalized grating periods: 2, 5 and 8 respectively. As can be seen in these graphs, the RCWA and FDTD methods provide similar results in all cases. However, the accuracy of the scalar treatment degrades as the depth increases. More specifically, the validity of the zero order SDT predicti ...
... different normalized grating periods: 2, 5 and 8 respectively. As can be seen in these graphs, the RCWA and FDTD methods provide similar results in all cases. However, the accuracy of the scalar treatment degrades as the depth increases. More specifically, the validity of the zero order SDT predicti ...
Bild 1
... substrate will then be reflected and can escape from the semiconductor through the top surface. DBR-multilayer reflector consisting of typically 5-50 pairs of two materials with different refractive indices. Difference in refractive index the Fresnel reflection will occur at each of the interfaces. ...
... substrate will then be reflected and can escape from the semiconductor through the top surface. DBR-multilayer reflector consisting of typically 5-50 pairs of two materials with different refractive indices. Difference in refractive index the Fresnel reflection will occur at each of the interfaces. ...
Distributed nonlinear fiber chirped-pulse amplifier system
... interaction length with the medium is large. Another limitation of fiber amplifiers is the achievable pulse duration. The ytterbium ion in glass exhibits a gain bandwidth of approximately 40 nm, well below the value of titanium-doped sapphire systems. Moreover, fiber amplifiers typically exhibit ver ...
... interaction length with the medium is large. Another limitation of fiber amplifiers is the achievable pulse duration. The ytterbium ion in glass exhibits a gain bandwidth of approximately 40 nm, well below the value of titanium-doped sapphire systems. Moreover, fiber amplifiers typically exhibit ver ...
Optical solitons and its applications Final report Physics 568 (Nonlinear optics)
... independently and the wavelength tunable two-colored soliton pulses are generated due to their different Raman scattering effect.16 The center wavelengths of the control and signal pulses are set respectively as 1600 and 1734 nm. The temporal widths of the generated pulses are 150 fs. The control a ...
... independently and the wavelength tunable two-colored soliton pulses are generated due to their different Raman scattering effect.16 The center wavelengths of the control and signal pulses are set respectively as 1600 and 1734 nm. The temporal widths of the generated pulses are 150 fs. The control a ...
A Study on Rayleigh Backscattering Noise in Single Fiber
... Rayleigh scattering losses in optical fibers [7]. For pure silica glass an approximate equation for the Rayleigh scattering loss is given by this equation: ...
... Rayleigh scattering losses in optical fibers [7]. For pure silica glass an approximate equation for the Rayleigh scattering loss is given by this equation: ...
Matter-wave interferometry: towards antimatter interferometers
... e.g., taking into account the instability of the particles and their lifetime. As a first approximation, we could simply discard the particles that do not reach the detector plane. This corresponds to employ a detector able to discriminate between a true event and the background noise induced by the ...
... e.g., taking into account the instability of the particles and their lifetime. As a first approximation, we could simply discard the particles that do not reach the detector plane. This corresponds to employ a detector able to discriminate between a true event and the background noise induced by the ...
No Slide Title
... the light travels. • Cladding - material of different refractive index wrapped around the core of a fiber • Fibers propagate all light that enters them at less than the critical angle. • Fibers typically have about 1% difference in refractive index between core and cladding • This results in a criti ...
... the light travels. • Cladding - material of different refractive index wrapped around the core of a fiber • Fibers propagate all light that enters them at less than the critical angle. • Fibers typically have about 1% difference in refractive index between core and cladding • This results in a criti ...
Small-core chalcogenide microstructured fibers for the infrared
... at 1:55 μm, and the n2 is very similar to that of the 2S2G glass (3.2 10–18 m2 =W at 1064 nm, 120 times higher than that of silica glass) [10]. The glass is transparent for bulk samples between 600 nm and 11 μm, giving the glass a red color. The phonon energy of this chalcogenide glass is around 350 ...
... at 1:55 μm, and the n2 is very similar to that of the 2S2G glass (3.2 10–18 m2 =W at 1064 nm, 120 times higher than that of silica glass) [10]. The glass is transparent for bulk samples between 600 nm and 11 μm, giving the glass a red color. The phonon energy of this chalcogenide glass is around 350 ...
Wave-mixing solitons in ferroelectric crystals
... The wave self-diffraction from non-local phase gratings in a photorefractive medium can be described by a sineGordon equation with a damped term in the case of transmission geometry. The sine-Gordon equation reveals the changes of the grating amplitude induced by light beam interaction in the medium ...
... The wave self-diffraction from non-local phase gratings in a photorefractive medium can be described by a sineGordon equation with a damped term in the case of transmission geometry. The sine-Gordon equation reveals the changes of the grating amplitude induced by light beam interaction in the medium ...
Fiber Optic Sensors and Their Applications
... experiences geometrical (size, shape) and optical (refractive index, mode conversion) changes to a larger or lesser extent depending upon the nature and the magnitude of the perturbation. In communication applications one tries to minimize such effects so that signal transmission and reception is re ...
... experiences geometrical (size, shape) and optical (refractive index, mode conversion) changes to a larger or lesser extent depending upon the nature and the magnitude of the perturbation. In communication applications one tries to minimize such effects so that signal transmission and reception is re ...
chenjiqualv04 - Physics at UC Merced
... The cavity lifetime is also an interesting consideration. The systems described previously have relatively lossless cavity mirrors at the oscillating wavelength, but suffer significant loss due to fiber input coupling. It is reasonable to estimate that the round-trip loss exceeds 70%. In order to id ...
... The cavity lifetime is also an interesting consideration. The systems described previously have relatively lossless cavity mirrors at the oscillating wavelength, but suffer significant loss due to fiber input coupling. It is reasonable to estimate that the round-trip loss exceeds 70%. In order to id ...
Transmission resonances of electromagnetic wave through metallic
... EM resonances established on the gratings and occurring to appropriate structural dimensions. Typically, two types of transmission resonances are identified in terms of the relevant wavelength λ, and their associated peaks are found to exhibit distinguishable spectral behaviors. One type of resonanc ...
... EM resonances established on the gratings and occurring to appropriate structural dimensions. Typically, two types of transmission resonances are identified in terms of the relevant wavelength λ, and their associated peaks are found to exhibit distinguishable spectral behaviors. One type of resonanc ...
Utilization of Birefringent Fiber as Sensor of Temperature Field
... area of sensor, e.g. interferometric sensor as fiber gyroscopes, etc. Significant group of polarization preserving fibers are fibers, where optical birefringence is created by means of delimitate cladding parts with different temperature coefficient than proper cladding. This construction creates di ...
... area of sensor, e.g. interferometric sensor as fiber gyroscopes, etc. Significant group of polarization preserving fibers are fibers, where optical birefringence is created by means of delimitate cladding parts with different temperature coefficient than proper cladding. This construction creates di ...
File
... core radius a and the index difference ∆, it is possible to design the fiber such that λZD is shifted into the vicinity of 1.55 µm. Such fibers are called dispersion shifted fibers. It is also possible to tailor the waveguide contribution such that the total dispersion D is relatively small over a w ...
... core radius a and the index difference ∆, it is possible to design the fiber such that λZD is shifted into the vicinity of 1.55 µm. Such fibers are called dispersion shifted fibers. It is also possible to tailor the waveguide contribution such that the total dispersion D is relatively small over a w ...
What is a surface plasmon?
... computations of grating properties encouraged us to develop a quantitative phenomenological analysis of Wood anomalies. Phenomenology: using intuition then mathematics in order to describe quantitatively a phenomenon from the smallest number of parameters It allowed the discovery of the phenomenon o ...
... computations of grating properties encouraged us to develop a quantitative phenomenological analysis of Wood anomalies. Phenomenology: using intuition then mathematics in order to describe quantitatively a phenomenon from the smallest number of parameters It allowed the discovery of the phenomenon o ...
Photonic band structure and emission characteristics of a metal-backed
... The strong correlation between device PL and reflectivity is due to the influence of first order Bragg scattering on both processes. Similar correlation has been observed between the emission from, and the transmission through, a DFB laser fabricated on a silica substrate.8 In both cases the device ...
... The strong correlation between device PL and reflectivity is due to the influence of first order Bragg scattering on both processes. Similar correlation has been observed between the emission from, and the transmission through, a DFB laser fabricated on a silica substrate.8 In both cases the device ...
Bragg waveguides with low-index liquid cores
... for guidance within liquids [4, 5, 8, 17]. I-ARROWs consist of a planar multilayer structure surrounding a hollow core channel, typically on-chip. The core can be used as a flow cell and filled with liquids. If the refractive index of the liquid is below the lowest index of the cladding – which is u ...
... for guidance within liquids [4, 5, 8, 17]. I-ARROWs consist of a planar multilayer structure surrounding a hollow core channel, typically on-chip. The core can be used as a flow cell and filled with liquids. If the refractive index of the liquid is below the lowest index of the cladding – which is u ...
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)
... with binary data; an optical signal with positive GVD is assumed, although negative GVD may also be realized as discussed earlier. The appropriate pn code must now be impressed upon these data. One implementation involves placing a transmission-type mask between the grating pair and the feedback mir ...
... with binary data; an optical signal with positive GVD is assumed, although negative GVD may also be realized as discussed earlier. The appropriate pn code must now be impressed upon these data. One implementation involves placing a transmission-type mask between the grating pair and the feedback mir ...
Fiber Bragg grating
A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is a type of distributed Bragg reflector constructed in a short segment of optical fiber that reflects particular wavelengths of light and transmits all others. This is achieved by creating a periodic variation in the refractive index of the fiber core, which generates a wavelength-specific dielectric mirror. A fiber Bragg grating can therefore be used as an inline optical filter to block certain wavelengths, or as a wavelength-specific reflector.