Serre-Poggio_ACM_R2_finalSubmission
... position and scale of the stimulus within their receptive fields. As a result of this increase in invariance properties, the receptive field size of neurons increases, from about one degree or less in V1 to several degrees in IT. There is increasing evidence that IT, which has been critically linked ...
... position and scale of the stimulus within their receptive fields. As a result of this increase in invariance properties, the receptive field size of neurons increases, from about one degree or less in V1 to several degrees in IT. There is increasing evidence that IT, which has been critically linked ...
Segregation and convergence of specialised pathways in
... At the level of cortical area V2, the various visual inputs to the cortex have reorganised to form 3 distinct channels. Anatomically these are embodied in the thick and thin dark stripes, and paler interstripes characteristic of cytochrome oxidase architecture. Do the outputs of these compartments r ...
... At the level of cortical area V2, the various visual inputs to the cortex have reorganised to form 3 distinct channels. Anatomically these are embodied in the thick and thin dark stripes, and paler interstripes characteristic of cytochrome oxidase architecture. Do the outputs of these compartments r ...
Towards natural stimulation in fMRI—Issues of data analysis
... correlations within these networks and to decreased correlations between non-connected regions. ICA has also revealed neural correlates of other complex human behaviors, such as simulated driving (Calhoun et al., 2002; Carvalho et al., 2006). Another possibility to analyze fMRI data obtained during ...
... correlations within these networks and to decreased correlations between non-connected regions. ICA has also revealed neural correlates of other complex human behaviors, such as simulated driving (Calhoun et al., 2002; Carvalho et al., 2006). Another possibility to analyze fMRI data obtained during ...
Cell loss in the motor and cingu- late cortex correlates with sympto
... cortex occur in premanifest and manifest HD, demonstrating specific symptoms. that HD pathology extends beyond the striatum. The present Total neuronal population (NeuN) study aimed to examine whether or not the symptom variability in HD can be related to different patterns of neurodegeneration in t ...
... cortex occur in premanifest and manifest HD, demonstrating specific symptoms. that HD pathology extends beyond the striatum. The present Total neuronal population (NeuN) study aimed to examine whether or not the symptom variability in HD can be related to different patterns of neurodegeneration in t ...
spinal cord
... • Cerebral cortex -- outer shell of gray matter • Six layers organized into functional vertical columns ...
... • Cerebral cortex -- outer shell of gray matter • Six layers organized into functional vertical columns ...
Does the sound of a barking dog activate its corresponding visual
... beyond that they are higher-order modality-specific association regions that lie at the apex of each unimodal processing streams. Some predictions could be derived from a parallel set of functional imaging studies motivated by the distributed-only perspective that, as discussed above, holds that con ...
... beyond that they are higher-order modality-specific association regions that lie at the apex of each unimodal processing streams. Some predictions could be derived from a parallel set of functional imaging studies motivated by the distributed-only perspective that, as discussed above, holds that con ...
new insights into the functions of the superior temporal cortex
... received a lesion at one location only. In all other animals in which Watson et al.2 made STS lesions, ablation was added to pre-existing brain lesions (of inferior parietal cortex in two cases, and of frontal cortex and corpus callosum in the third). One of these monkeys (the one with frontal and c ...
... received a lesion at one location only. In all other animals in which Watson et al.2 made STS lesions, ablation was added to pre-existing brain lesions (of inferior parietal cortex in two cases, and of frontal cortex and corpus callosum in the third). One of these monkeys (the one with frontal and c ...
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... in parietal cortex) can thus also be related to the data indicating hippocampal involvement in long-term episodic memory and parietal involvement in short term memory (see Burgess et al., this volume, for further discussion of this point). ...
... in parietal cortex) can thus also be related to the data indicating hippocampal involvement in long-term episodic memory and parietal involvement in short term memory (see Burgess et al., this volume, for further discussion of this point). ...
Listening to Narrative Speech after Aphasic
... et al., 2003). An explicit task based on knowledge about object size in response to hearing or reading object nouns resulted in activity spreading forwards from early auditory cortex (to heard words) and early visual cortex (for seen words). A strong response to both modalities of word perception wa ...
... et al., 2003). An explicit task based on knowledge about object size in response to hearing or reading object nouns resulted in activity spreading forwards from early auditory cortex (to heard words) and early visual cortex (for seen words). A strong response to both modalities of word perception wa ...
JAY McCLELLAND
... specialized areas subserving many different kinds of semantic information. • Semantic dementia results from progressive bilateral disintegration of the anterior temporal cortex. • Rapid acquisition of new knowledge depends on medial temporal lobes, leaving long-term semantic knowledge intact. ...
... specialized areas subserving many different kinds of semantic information. • Semantic dementia results from progressive bilateral disintegration of the anterior temporal cortex. • Rapid acquisition of new knowledge depends on medial temporal lobes, leaving long-term semantic knowledge intact. ...
Gamma Band Oscillation
... may well be a solution to the Binding Problem. However, experimental results are fairly heterogeneous, and many researchers fail to observe the type of gamma band oscillations which are implicated in perceptual, and conceptual binding, as well as those which may be implicated in memory and conscious ...
... may well be a solution to the Binding Problem. However, experimental results are fairly heterogeneous, and many researchers fail to observe the type of gamma band oscillations which are implicated in perceptual, and conceptual binding, as well as those which may be implicated in memory and conscious ...
The Frontal Lobes: Movement and Morality Part I
... motor cortex. Readers may compare the areas delineated in the anatomical drawings (see Figures 1 and 2) with the functions and/or deficits described. The data provided can also be used to analyze specific cases in which the reader has assisted. The lateral premotor cortex, which is part of Area 6, r ...
... motor cortex. Readers may compare the areas delineated in the anatomical drawings (see Figures 1 and 2) with the functions and/or deficits described. The data provided can also be used to analyze specific cases in which the reader has assisted. The lateral premotor cortex, which is part of Area 6, r ...
Introduction
... In Inoue, et al (1998), a PET study of pointing with visual feedback of the hands in humans, the authors attempt to locate the brain regions where movements are processed to allow accurate pointing. They conclude that the supramarginal cortex, the posterior cingulate cortex of the left hemisphere, a ...
... In Inoue, et al (1998), a PET study of pointing with visual feedback of the hands in humans, the authors attempt to locate the brain regions where movements are processed to allow accurate pointing. They conclude that the supramarginal cortex, the posterior cingulate cortex of the left hemisphere, a ...
31 - UCL
... kind of code-directed scene comprehension that draws heavily upon specifically visual, and probably largely prelinguistic processing constraints. The key processes of word-recognition and the assembly of visual word meaning patterns into interacting chains, however, may be mediated in part by specie ...
... kind of code-directed scene comprehension that draws heavily upon specifically visual, and probably largely prelinguistic processing constraints. The key processes of word-recognition and the assembly of visual word meaning patterns into interacting chains, however, may be mediated in part by specie ...
Brain activity during non-automatic motor production of discrete multi
... lobe and intraparietal sulcus, inferior frontal sulcus (with associated activity extending into both DLPFC and VLPFC), premotor cortex (PMC), insula, and basal ganglia, in midline anterior cingulate (AC), and medial premotor cortex, (the peaks fell in preSMA and activity extended into SMA proper), i ...
... lobe and intraparietal sulcus, inferior frontal sulcus (with associated activity extending into both DLPFC and VLPFC), premotor cortex (PMC), insula, and basal ganglia, in midline anterior cingulate (AC), and medial premotor cortex, (the peaks fell in preSMA and activity extended into SMA proper), i ...
Chapter 6 — Gross Anatomy of the Brain
... positioned lingual gyrus, separated from each other by the calcarine fissure. The cortical tissue on each bank of this fissure is known collectively as the striate cortex (calcarine cortex), and forms the primary visual cortex. ...
... positioned lingual gyrus, separated from each other by the calcarine fissure. The cortical tissue on each bank of this fissure is known collectively as the striate cortex (calcarine cortex), and forms the primary visual cortex. ...
The Central Nervous System
... – Hemiplegia (paralysis on one side), or sensory and speech deficits – Transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)—temporary episodes of reversible cerebral ischemia – Tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) is only approved treatment for stroke Homeostatic Imbalances of the Brain ...
... – Hemiplegia (paralysis on one side), or sensory and speech deficits – Transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)—temporary episodes of reversible cerebral ischemia – Tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) is only approved treatment for stroke Homeostatic Imbalances of the Brain ...
text - Systems Neuroscience Course, MEDS 371, Univ. Conn. Health
... Neurons in V1 project their axons into two pathways that carry different information (Fig. 8). A. V1 neurons that receive information from the P and K pathways form the inferior (ventral) visual pathway that carries information about form (detail), color and depth (distance). V1 neurons in this path ...
... Neurons in V1 project their axons into two pathways that carry different information (Fig. 8). A. V1 neurons that receive information from the P and K pathways form the inferior (ventral) visual pathway that carries information about form (detail), color and depth (distance). V1 neurons in this path ...
The Central Nervous System
... and conscience Closely linked to the limbic system (emotional part of the brain) ...
... and conscience Closely linked to the limbic system (emotional part of the brain) ...
type Senile Dementia
... Mn-SOD was visualized in both normal and ATD subjects as granular or rodshape immuno-precipitates (Fig. 1A), possibly corresponding to mitochondria as shown in the rat brain (6). Cells with very strong Mn-SOD immunoreactivity were frequently found in the peripheral portion of senile plaques in the c ...
... Mn-SOD was visualized in both normal and ATD subjects as granular or rodshape immuno-precipitates (Fig. 1A), possibly corresponding to mitochondria as shown in the rat brain (6). Cells with very strong Mn-SOD immunoreactivity were frequently found in the peripheral portion of senile plaques in the c ...
WHY HAVE MULTIPLE CORTICAL AREAS?
... Hildreth (1984). To obtain the true motion oi’ a solid body it is necessary to combine the information from two or more non-parallel edges. Clearly this problem must be solved before a true motion map such as that of Figs 2 or 4 could be formed, and a way that nerves might do this is shown in Fig. 5 ...
... Hildreth (1984). To obtain the true motion oi’ a solid body it is necessary to combine the information from two or more non-parallel edges. Clearly this problem must be solved before a true motion map such as that of Figs 2 or 4 could be formed, and a way that nerves might do this is shown in Fig. 5 ...
Engagement of brain areas implicated in processing inner speech in
... left inferior frontal cortex, and the temporal, parahippocampal and cerebellar cortex (Shergill et al, al, 2001). A positron emission tomography (PET) study of auditory verbal imagery in participants with schizophrenia who were prone to auditory hallucinations revealed normal activation of the left ...
... left inferior frontal cortex, and the temporal, parahippocampal and cerebellar cortex (Shergill et al, al, 2001). A positron emission tomography (PET) study of auditory verbal imagery in participants with schizophrenia who were prone to auditory hallucinations revealed normal activation of the left ...
Dispatch Vision: How to Train Visual Cortex to Predict Reward Time
... that may even contribute to visual awareness [7,10]. A simple, yet dramatic example for how behavioral state impacts V1 is the observation that when mice run, the stimulus-evoked firing of V1 neurons can double while retaining stimulus selectivity [11,12,13]. In fact, primary sensory cortices have d ...
... that may even contribute to visual awareness [7,10]. A simple, yet dramatic example for how behavioral state impacts V1 is the observation that when mice run, the stimulus-evoked firing of V1 neurons can double while retaining stimulus selectivity [11,12,13]. In fact, primary sensory cortices have d ...
Projections from the superior temporal sulcus to the agranular frontal
... necessary for producing accurate visually guided saccades, but it appears to play an important role in learning conditional oculomotor responses, in encoding saccades relative to an object centred frame of reference, or in monitoring the consequences of eye movements as part of a brain's supervisory ...
... necessary for producing accurate visually guided saccades, but it appears to play an important role in learning conditional oculomotor responses, in encoding saccades relative to an object centred frame of reference, or in monitoring the consequences of eye movements as part of a brain's supervisory ...
chapter two - Mr. Minervini ~ Human Behavior
... c) parietal lobes d) somatosensory cortex e) Broca’s area 49. Which of the following regions contains the auditory cortex? a) temporal lobes b) parietal lobes c) frontal lobes d) occipital lobes e) association areas 50. The part of the brain located just behind the temples, containing neurons respo ...
... c) parietal lobes d) somatosensory cortex e) Broca’s area 49. Which of the following regions contains the auditory cortex? a) temporal lobes b) parietal lobes c) frontal lobes d) occipital lobes e) association areas 50. The part of the brain located just behind the temples, containing neurons respo ...
Inferior temporal gyrus
The inferior temporal gyrus is placed below the middle temporal gyrus, and is connected behind with the inferior occipital gyrus; it also extends around the infero-lateral border on to the inferior surface of the temporal lobe, where it is limited by the inferior sulcus. This region is one of the higher levels of the ventral stream of visual processing, associated with the representation of complex object features, such as global shape. It may also be involved in face perception, and in the recognition of numbers.The inferior temporal gyrus is the anterior region of the temporal lobe located underneath the central temporal sulcus. The primary function of the inferior temporal gyrus - otherwise referenced as IT cortex - is associated with visual stimuli processing, namely visual object recognition, and has been suggested by recent experimental results as the final location of the ventral cortical visual system. The IT cortex in humans is also known as the Inferior Temporal Gyrus since it has been located to a specific region of the human temporal lobe. The IT processes visual stimuli of objects in our field of vision, and is involved with memory and memory recall to identify that object; it is involved with the processing and perception created by visual stimuli amplified in the V1, V2, V3, and V4 regions of the occipital lobe. This region processes the color and form of the object in the visual field and is responsible for producing the “what” from this visual stimuli, or in other words identifying the object based on the color and form of the object and comparing that processed information to stored memories of objects to identify that object.The IT cortex’s neurological significance is not just its contribution to the processing of visual stimuli in object recognition but also has been found to be a vital area with regards to simple processing of the visual field, difficulties with perceptual tasks and spatial awareness, and the location of unique single cells that possibly explain the IT cortex’s relation to memory.