Visualizing vocal perception in the chimpanzee
... The evolutionary origin of human language and its neurobiological foundations has long been the object of intense scientific debate. This controversy, at least in part, can be attributed to the fact that language and its anatomical and physiological substrates do not leave indelible marks in the arch ...
... The evolutionary origin of human language and its neurobiological foundations has long been the object of intense scientific debate. This controversy, at least in part, can be attributed to the fact that language and its anatomical and physiological substrates do not leave indelible marks in the arch ...
Visual speech circuits in profound acquired
... It is commonly held that losing one sense provokes cross-modal takeover of deprived cortical areas, and therefore results in a benefit for the remaining modalities. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we assessed the impact of acquired deafness on the brain network related to speechr ...
... It is commonly held that losing one sense provokes cross-modal takeover of deprived cortical areas, and therefore results in a benefit for the remaining modalities. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we assessed the impact of acquired deafness on the brain network related to speechr ...
Seeing faces and objects with the “mind`s eye”
... maximal responses in distinct occipital and ventral temporal regions with a highly consistent topological arrangement across subjects (Ishai et al., 1999, 2000a). As each category was associated with its own differential pattern of responses across a broad expanse of cortex, it has been proposed tha ...
... maximal responses in distinct occipital and ventral temporal regions with a highly consistent topological arrangement across subjects (Ishai et al., 1999, 2000a). As each category was associated with its own differential pattern of responses across a broad expanse of cortex, it has been proposed tha ...
12 - Dr. Jerry Cronin
... • Posterior to primary somatosensory cortex • Integrates sensory input from primary somatosensory cortex for understanding of object • Determines size, texture, and relationship of parts of objects being felt ...
... • Posterior to primary somatosensory cortex • Integrates sensory input from primary somatosensory cortex for understanding of object • Determines size, texture, and relationship of parts of objects being felt ...
T2 - Center for Neural Basis of Cognition
... classical receptive field. Vision is an active process of building representations. ...
... classical receptive field. Vision is an active process of building representations. ...
Visual pathway class..
... -MT neurons have much larger receptive fields than V1, so they can integrate multiple cues in the image. MT neurons can detect global motion of the object. ...
... -MT neurons have much larger receptive fields than V1, so they can integrate multiple cues in the image. MT neurons can detect global motion of the object. ...
Lecture 9B
... distributed in distant cortical locations has been shown in the visual cortex (Gray et al., 1989) and even between the two hemispheres of the brain (Engel et al., 1991). ...
... distributed in distant cortical locations has been shown in the visual cortex (Gray et al., 1989) and even between the two hemispheres of the brain (Engel et al., 1991). ...
David Hunter Hubel. 27 February 1926 — 22 September 2013
... processing beyond the retina. Individual retinal receptors break the image falling on the retina into hundreds of thousands of individual messages. Each message conveys information about one tiny part of the visual field, the visual receptive field of the individual neuron. These messages are transm ...
... processing beyond the retina. Individual retinal receptors break the image falling on the retina into hundreds of thousands of individual messages. Each message conveys information about one tiny part of the visual field, the visual receptive field of the individual neuron. These messages are transm ...
Cerebral Cortex
... thick layer in which pyramidal cell somata increase progressively in size from superficial to deep. It is referred to as the pyramidal or ‘external pyramidal layer’. Layer IV is thin but densely packed with the somata of small pyramidal and nonpyramidal cells. It is called the ‘internal granular lay ...
... thick layer in which pyramidal cell somata increase progressively in size from superficial to deep. It is referred to as the pyramidal or ‘external pyramidal layer’. Layer IV is thin but densely packed with the somata of small pyramidal and nonpyramidal cells. It is called the ‘internal granular lay ...
Cortex - Anatomy and Physiology
... • Posterior to primary somatosensory cortex • Integrates sensory input from primary somatosensory cortex for understanding of object • Determines size, texture, and relationship of parts of objects being felt ...
... • Posterior to primary somatosensory cortex • Integrates sensory input from primary somatosensory cortex for understanding of object • Determines size, texture, and relationship of parts of objects being felt ...
5. Discussion - UvA-DARE - University of Amsterdam
... This loss in selectivity could not be attributed to overall reductions in response amplitudes, or to increased correlations in activity patterns of pairs of cells. The reduction in selectivity was rather explained by an increase in response amplitude to the null direction of the cells. The overall c ...
... This loss in selectivity could not be attributed to overall reductions in response amplitudes, or to increased correlations in activity patterns of pairs of cells. The reduction in selectivity was rather explained by an increase in response amplitude to the null direction of the cells. The overall c ...
Recounting the impact of Hubel and Wiesel
... ideas on cell assemblies and phase sequences, though based on hypothetical neurons, stimulated thinking about how neurons could be organized to produce complex behaviour. In Hebb’s case this was largely directed at learning and memory, but it stimulated consideration of the neuronal mechanisms for v ...
... ideas on cell assemblies and phase sequences, though based on hypothetical neurons, stimulated thinking about how neurons could be organized to produce complex behaviour. In Hebb’s case this was largely directed at learning and memory, but it stimulated consideration of the neuronal mechanisms for v ...
The representation of Kanizsa illusory contours in the monkey
... are called illusory (or subjective) contours. Illusory and real contours activate early stages of the macaque visual pathway in similar ways. However, data relating to the processing of illusory contours in higher visual areas are scarce. We recently reported how illusory contours based on abutting- ...
... are called illusory (or subjective) contours. Illusory and real contours activate early stages of the macaque visual pathway in similar ways. However, data relating to the processing of illusory contours in higher visual areas are scarce. We recently reported how illusory contours based on abutting- ...
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
... signal in long-term memory formation were studied in monkeys performing a visual pair-association task. Before the monkeys learned the task, the anterior commissure was transected, disconnecting the anterior temporal cortex of each hemisphere. After training with 12 pairs of pictures, single units w ...
... signal in long-term memory formation were studied in monkeys performing a visual pair-association task. Before the monkeys learned the task, the anterior commissure was transected, disconnecting the anterior temporal cortex of each hemisphere. After training with 12 pairs of pictures, single units w ...
Towards understanding of the cortical network underlying
... brain areas in a brain-wide network interact with each other to orchestrate cognitive functions (‘global network’ viewpoint) and the other considers how the properties of single neurons and their synaptic connections with neighbouring neurons combine to form local circuits and exhibit the function a ...
... brain areas in a brain-wide network interact with each other to orchestrate cognitive functions (‘global network’ viewpoint) and the other considers how the properties of single neurons and their synaptic connections with neighbouring neurons combine to form local circuits and exhibit the function a ...
The “Conscious” Dorsal Stream - Università degli Studi di Parma
... 4. The ventro-dorsal stream: action in spatial conscious awareness The notion that spatial awareness is linked to movement is pretty old. Von Helmoltz (1896) proposed the notion that the “a-priori” nature of our representation of space depends on the fact that it is generated by active exploratory b ...
... 4. The ventro-dorsal stream: action in spatial conscious awareness The notion that spatial awareness is linked to movement is pretty old. Von Helmoltz (1896) proposed the notion that the “a-priori” nature of our representation of space depends on the fact that it is generated by active exploratory b ...
“Conscious” Dorsal Stream
... 4. The ventro-dorsal stream: action in spatial conscious awareness The notion that spatial awareness is linked to movement is pretty old. Von Helmoltz (1896) proposed the notion that the “a-priori” nature of our representation of space depends on the fact that it is generated by active exploratory b ...
... 4. The ventro-dorsal stream: action in spatial conscious awareness The notion that spatial awareness is linked to movement is pretty old. Von Helmoltz (1896) proposed the notion that the “a-priori” nature of our representation of space depends on the fact that it is generated by active exploratory b ...
Cerebral Glucose Metabolism in Obsessive
... episodic memory, emotional processing, and spatial orientation. ...
... episodic memory, emotional processing, and spatial orientation. ...
The role responses of expression and identity in the face
... temporal cortex. There are fewer cases of agnosia specific for expression. Impairments in the recognition of expression but not identity have been found in patients with cerebral organic brain syndrome 5'~6. This impairment has been related to a disconnection of visual input from affective meaning, ...
... temporal cortex. There are fewer cases of agnosia specific for expression. Impairments in the recognition of expression but not identity have been found in patients with cerebral organic brain syndrome 5'~6. This impairment has been related to a disconnection of visual input from affective meaning, ...
Anatomical Evidence of Multimodal Integration in Primate
... [superior temporal sulci (STS) complex], STP, and auditory areas (Morel et al., 1993; Cusick, 1997). MT is located in the posterior bank of STS and characterized by strong immunolabeling of layers 2/3 neurons with C at301 (DeYoe et al., 1990) and parvalbumin reactivity in layer 3 and 4. We character ...
... [superior temporal sulci (STS) complex], STP, and auditory areas (Morel et al., 1993; Cusick, 1997). MT is located in the posterior bank of STS and characterized by strong immunolabeling of layers 2/3 neurons with C at301 (DeYoe et al., 1990) and parvalbumin reactivity in layer 3 and 4. We character ...
Resection of focal cortical dysplasia located in the upper pre
... removed without permanent deficits, because of the bilateral representation of the innate functions. In contrast, resective surgery of the hand motor cortex or higher levels presents more challenges. We treated two adult patients with intractable epilepsy caused by small focal cortical dysplasia in t ...
... removed without permanent deficits, because of the bilateral representation of the innate functions. In contrast, resective surgery of the hand motor cortex or higher levels presents more challenges. We treated two adult patients with intractable epilepsy caused by small focal cortical dysplasia in t ...
Cross-Modal Transfer of Information between the Tactile
... there is no polysensory cross-modal area, no cross-modal region “in which representations formed in one sense would reside and be accessed by another sense,” but suggested instead a system in which the senses can access each other directly from their sensory-specific systems. For the present purpose ...
... there is no polysensory cross-modal area, no cross-modal region “in which representations formed in one sense would reside and be accessed by another sense,” but suggested instead a system in which the senses can access each other directly from their sensory-specific systems. For the present purpose ...
cerebral cortex, sensations and movements
... process visual nervous information, which are related to perception of objects placed in space. Both areas have, mainly, nerve projections to the supplementary motor cortex and premotor cortex, and also have some nerve projections to the spinal cord and brainstem. It seems that Brodmann area 5 neuro ...
... process visual nervous information, which are related to perception of objects placed in space. Both areas have, mainly, nerve projections to the supplementary motor cortex and premotor cortex, and also have some nerve projections to the spinal cord and brainstem. It seems that Brodmann area 5 neuro ...
The limbic system. A maze on the essentials: memory, learning and
... behavior. He described the "Papez Circuit", which connects the hippocampus with the thalamus, through the cingulate gyrus. (Figure 2) Today, the limbic system is considered a set of structures interconnected among themselves and with other areas, in the brain and in the body. It is located in the me ...
... behavior. He described the "Papez Circuit", which connects the hippocampus with the thalamus, through the cingulate gyrus. (Figure 2) Today, the limbic system is considered a set of structures interconnected among themselves and with other areas, in the brain and in the body. It is located in the me ...
New insights into the anatomo-functional connectivity of the
... sulci/gyri identification using ultrasonography, and before resection, in order to avoid any eloquent area damage. Sensorimotor mapping was performed first, with the goal of obtaining a positive response (e.g. the induction of movement and/or paraesthesia in the contralateral hemibody when the prima ...
... sulci/gyri identification using ultrasonography, and before resection, in order to avoid any eloquent area damage. Sensorimotor mapping was performed first, with the goal of obtaining a positive response (e.g. the induction of movement and/or paraesthesia in the contralateral hemibody when the prima ...
Inferior temporal gyrus
The inferior temporal gyrus is placed below the middle temporal gyrus, and is connected behind with the inferior occipital gyrus; it also extends around the infero-lateral border on to the inferior surface of the temporal lobe, where it is limited by the inferior sulcus. This region is one of the higher levels of the ventral stream of visual processing, associated with the representation of complex object features, such as global shape. It may also be involved in face perception, and in the recognition of numbers.The inferior temporal gyrus is the anterior region of the temporal lobe located underneath the central temporal sulcus. The primary function of the inferior temporal gyrus - otherwise referenced as IT cortex - is associated with visual stimuli processing, namely visual object recognition, and has been suggested by recent experimental results as the final location of the ventral cortical visual system. The IT cortex in humans is also known as the Inferior Temporal Gyrus since it has been located to a specific region of the human temporal lobe. The IT processes visual stimuli of objects in our field of vision, and is involved with memory and memory recall to identify that object; it is involved with the processing and perception created by visual stimuli amplified in the V1, V2, V3, and V4 regions of the occipital lobe. This region processes the color and form of the object in the visual field and is responsible for producing the “what” from this visual stimuli, or in other words identifying the object based on the color and form of the object and comparing that processed information to stored memories of objects to identify that object.The IT cortex’s neurological significance is not just its contribution to the processing of visual stimuli in object recognition but also has been found to be a vital area with regards to simple processing of the visual field, difficulties with perceptual tasks and spatial awareness, and the location of unique single cells that possibly explain the IT cortex’s relation to memory.