IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)
... during ICGA were filling delay in the choroidal arteries and choriocapillaris[3-8] and choroidal hyperfluorescence.[3-18] Other less commonly reported findings in ICGA were choroidal venous dilatation,[46] localized small hypofluorescent areas around the site of focal fluorescein leakage,[3-6] reduc ...
... during ICGA were filling delay in the choroidal arteries and choriocapillaris[3-8] and choroidal hyperfluorescence.[3-18] Other less commonly reported findings in ICGA were choroidal venous dilatation,[46] localized small hypofluorescent areas around the site of focal fluorescein leakage,[3-6] reduc ...
View Sample Lesson in Word Format
... with the vocabulary necessary for discussing this disease. Note, however, that this is not an in-depth study of the eye. Such detail is beyond the scope of this course. How does a person see? Rays of light pass through the cornea and aqueous fluid, and enter through the pupil and lens. The light pas ...
... with the vocabulary necessary for discussing this disease. Note, however, that this is not an in-depth study of the eye. Such detail is beyond the scope of this course. How does a person see? Rays of light pass through the cornea and aqueous fluid, and enter through the pupil and lens. The light pas ...
An Incremental Retinal-Defocus Theory of the Development of Myopia
... 1999) resulted in either hyperopic or myopic growth, respectively. The mechanism for the short-term emmetropization process appeared to be relatively simple, since visual feedback related to retinal-image defocus was believed to provide the requisite cortical control signal to regulate both the dire ...
... 1999) resulted in either hyperopic or myopic growth, respectively. The mechanism for the short-term emmetropization process appeared to be relatively simple, since visual feedback related to retinal-image defocus was believed to provide the requisite cortical control signal to regulate both the dire ...
Grand Rounds - University of Louisville Ophthalmology
... Shields CL, Furuta M, Mashayekhi A, Berman EL, Zahler JD, Hoberman DM, Dinh DH, Shields JA. Visual acuity in 3422 consecutive eyes with choroidal nevus. Arch Ophthalmol. 2007 Nov;125(11):1501-7. PubMed PMID: 17998511. ...
... Shields CL, Furuta M, Mashayekhi A, Berman EL, Zahler JD, Hoberman DM, Dinh DH, Shields JA. Visual acuity in 3422 consecutive eyes with choroidal nevus. Arch Ophthalmol. 2007 Nov;125(11):1501-7. PubMed PMID: 17998511. ...
The Automatic Eye Alignment of an Infrared Optometer
... Reports of earlier optometers show that optometers using the older Scheiner principle can have the required precision and dynamics required to track the micro fluctuations of accommodation. However optometers using the Scheiner principle require precise alignment to the patient’s pupil to be maintai ...
... Reports of earlier optometers show that optometers using the older Scheiner principle can have the required precision and dynamics required to track the micro fluctuations of accommodation. However optometers using the Scheiner principle require precise alignment to the patient’s pupil to be maintai ...
Effect of bright light on the transient changes of choroidal thickness
... experimental myopia in various species, including chickens,11-13 tree shrew14 and monkeys.15 Furthermore, it was found that this effect was mediated, at least in part, through the retinal dopamine system.12 On the other hand, a multitude of studies suggest that choroid, a vascular tissue located bet ...
... experimental myopia in various species, including chickens,11-13 tree shrew14 and monkeys.15 Furthermore, it was found that this effect was mediated, at least in part, through the retinal dopamine system.12 On the other hand, a multitude of studies suggest that choroid, a vascular tissue located bet ...
Epithelial Membrane Protein-2 in Human Proliferative
... increased inflammation and cytokine production, inducing an increase in PVR. Many cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-a, IFN-c, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) are increased in eyes with PVR; however, the level of cytokine production has not been found to directly correlate with P ...
... increased inflammation and cytokine production, inducing an increase in PVR. Many cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-a, IFN-c, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) are increased in eyes with PVR; however, the level of cytokine production has not been found to directly correlate with P ...
SOCS2 5`UTR with Exon 2
... The amphibian Xenopus laevis has the ability to regenerate axons of its optic nerve even after metamorphosis. From previous studies done in our lab, we found that Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 2 (SOCS2) could be involved in the complex pathway of genes regulating nervous system development and re ...
... The amphibian Xenopus laevis has the ability to regenerate axons of its optic nerve even after metamorphosis. From previous studies done in our lab, we found that Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 2 (SOCS2) could be involved in the complex pathway of genes regulating nervous system development and re ...
The Overall Pattern of Ocular Dominance Bands in Cat Visual Cortex
... number, distribution, or individual appearanceof retinal cells in these2 eyes. To help assessthe uniformity with which WGA-HRP was transported from various regionsof the retina to the cortex, we examined the labeling pattern in HRP-tested sectionsfrom the thalamus. Figure 3 showslow-magnification br ...
... number, distribution, or individual appearanceof retinal cells in these2 eyes. To help assessthe uniformity with which WGA-HRP was transported from various regionsof the retina to the cortex, we examined the labeling pattern in HRP-tested sectionsfrom the thalamus. Figure 3 showslow-magnification br ...
DEVELOPMENT OF THE OCULAR LENS
... comes from the brain and is conducted via the optic nerves; 3. All other parts of the eyeball are supporting structures’ (Hirschberg, 1982, p. 280). It was Galen’s view that the lens formed from the vitreous and that the function of the retina was to nourish the vitreous and lens as well as to trans ...
... comes from the brain and is conducted via the optic nerves; 3. All other parts of the eyeball are supporting structures’ (Hirschberg, 1982, p. 280). It was Galen’s view that the lens formed from the vitreous and that the function of the retina was to nourish the vitreous and lens as well as to trans ...
FOR SIGHT Annual Report 1
... and 3rd base. He is the starting pitcher for the Encinitas Little League All Stars. In 2011 and 2012, he led the Encinitas Little League in home runs and was the Home Run Derby Winner in 2012. Despite the hours he spends each day practicing, Cadhan carries a 4.0 GPA, and was named Encinitas Chamber ...
... and 3rd base. He is the starting pitcher for the Encinitas Little League All Stars. In 2011 and 2012, he led the Encinitas Little League in home runs and was the Home Run Derby Winner in 2012. Despite the hours he spends each day practicing, Cadhan carries a 4.0 GPA, and was named Encinitas Chamber ...
Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction
... of incomitant strabismus. It provides an accurate clinical method of determining the position of each visual axis in different directions of gaze. It provides a permanent and accurate record which may be compared with the results of subsequent examinations. When monitoring an incomitancy, it is unli ...
... of incomitant strabismus. It provides an accurate clinical method of determining the position of each visual axis in different directions of gaze. It provides a permanent and accurate record which may be compared with the results of subsequent examinations. When monitoring an incomitancy, it is unli ...
Document
... beneficial effect on the intracellular redox state of glutathione and consequently a beneficial effect on the maintenance of the barrier property of the RPE cells. Surgical outcome of vitrectomy is determined by many factors and the effect of the barrier function of the RPE cells on it is certainly ...
... beneficial effect on the intracellular redox state of glutathione and consequently a beneficial effect on the maintenance of the barrier property of the RPE cells. Surgical outcome of vitrectomy is determined by many factors and the effect of the barrier function of the RPE cells on it is certainly ...
Normal Physiology Specialty 7.110201 “Pharmaciya”" 1 Year of
... 38. During the experiment on an animal, researchers irritated interoreceptors of stomach. It caused the changes of cardiac rhythm, which was registered on an electrocardiogram. What type of vegetative reflexes this reaction belongs to? A. Viscero-dermal reflexes. B. Dermato-visceral reflexes. C. Vis ...
... 38. During the experiment on an animal, researchers irritated interoreceptors of stomach. It caused the changes of cardiac rhythm, which was registered on an electrocardiogram. What type of vegetative reflexes this reaction belongs to? A. Viscero-dermal reflexes. B. Dermato-visceral reflexes. C. Vis ...
Numerical solution of flow resistance in outflow pathway and
... Figure 2-14: Schematic representation of vitrectomy surgery [73]…………………… 46 Figure 2-15: Drug delivery alternatives for treating posterior eye diseases. Topical drops (a) must diffuse across the tear film, cornea, iris, ciliary body, and vitreous before reaching the target tissues in the posterior ...
... Figure 2-14: Schematic representation of vitrectomy surgery [73]…………………… 46 Figure 2-15: Drug delivery alternatives for treating posterior eye diseases. Topical drops (a) must diffuse across the tear film, cornea, iris, ciliary body, and vitreous before reaching the target tissues in the posterior ...
numerical solution of flow resistance
... Figure 2-14: Schematic representation of vitrectomy surgery [73]…………………… 46 Figure 2-15: Drug delivery alternatives for treating posterior eye diseases. Topical drops (a) must diffuse across the tear film, cornea, iris, ciliary body, and vitreous before reaching the target tissues in the posterior ...
... Figure 2-14: Schematic representation of vitrectomy surgery [73]…………………… 46 Figure 2-15: Drug delivery alternatives for treating posterior eye diseases. Topical drops (a) must diffuse across the tear film, cornea, iris, ciliary body, and vitreous before reaching the target tissues in the posterior ...
Adrenergic Nerves to the Eye and to Related
... Judged by the histochemical and pharmacological criteria,5 all the structures described here as adrenergic contained a primary catecholamine. After the reserpinization, no adrenergic structures remained visible. Tissues processed without the formaldehyde gas do not develop any specific fluorescence, ...
... Judged by the histochemical and pharmacological criteria,5 all the structures described here as adrenergic contained a primary catecholamine. After the reserpinization, no adrenergic structures remained visible. Tissues processed without the formaldehyde gas do not develop any specific fluorescence, ...
Effects of nerve growth factor on nerve regeneration after corneal
... after LASIK surgery. NGF is a kind of secretory protein which plays an important role of regulation function on nerve development, differentiation, survival, functional expression and signal transduction [17]. NGF is one of the members of neurotrophic factor (neurotrophin, NTFS) family, which can pr ...
... after LASIK surgery. NGF is a kind of secretory protein which plays an important role of regulation function on nerve development, differentiation, survival, functional expression and signal transduction [17]. NGF is one of the members of neurotrophic factor (neurotrophin, NTFS) family, which can pr ...
Lysosomes and melanin granules of the retinal pigment
... prominent. A giant granule is seen at left. (xl4,500.) The giant granules of the beige mouse often exhibit melanin in different stages of aggregation within the same granule. Some granules appear to be in the process of fusing, and many have concentric rings of varied densities, suggesting that addi ...
... prominent. A giant granule is seen at left. (xl4,500.) The giant granules of the beige mouse often exhibit melanin in different stages of aggregation within the same granule. Some granules appear to be in the process of fusing, and many have concentric rings of varied densities, suggesting that addi ...
Lysosomes and melanin granules of the retinal pigment
... prominent. A giant granule is seen at left. (xl4,500.) The giant granules of the beige mouse often exhibit melanin in different stages of aggregation within the same granule. Some granules appear to be in the process of fusing, and many have concentric rings of varied densities, suggesting that addi ...
... prominent. A giant granule is seen at left. (xl4,500.) The giant granules of the beige mouse often exhibit melanin in different stages of aggregation within the same granule. Some granules appear to be in the process of fusing, and many have concentric rings of varied densities, suggesting that addi ...
1 BOZZA 5. DEFIN. 09.06.04 < NEUROMELANIN AND BIOLOGICAL
... necessarily lead to different biological properties and functions [10]. Skin melanin (an indole derivative) acts as sun screen, while the biological activities of neuromelanin ( a benzene derivative) can vary, according to the site of deposition and chemical composition. Based upon the present state ...
... necessarily lead to different biological properties and functions [10]. Skin melanin (an indole derivative) acts as sun screen, while the biological activities of neuromelanin ( a benzene derivative) can vary, according to the site of deposition and chemical composition. Based upon the present state ...
THE HYMENOPTERAN SKYLIGHT COMPASS
... to understand how the insect's eye and brain accomplished this formidable task of sensory coding. The task is formidable indeed. Just take a look at the sky: light emanating from different points, on the celestial hemisphere differs not only in intensity and colour, but also - though invisible to th ...
... to understand how the insect's eye and brain accomplished this formidable task of sensory coding. The task is formidable indeed. Just take a look at the sky: light emanating from different points, on the celestial hemisphere differs not only in intensity and colour, but also - though invisible to th ...
Diabetic Retinopathy
... People with diabetes who present with an acute impairment of vision from any cause should be referred for urgent review with an ophthalmologist/eye clinic. Best practice tip: Retinal photo-screening for diabetic retinopathy does not constitute a full eye examination. Patients should still be regul ...
... People with diabetes who present with an acute impairment of vision from any cause should be referred for urgent review with an ophthalmologist/eye clinic. Best practice tip: Retinal photo-screening for diabetic retinopathy does not constitute a full eye examination. Patients should still be regul ...
Normal Macular Thickness Measurements in
... have shown that central foveal thickness is significantly correlated with best-corrected visual acuity in Normal and diabetic eyes. However, foveal thickness may be more indicative of changes in the macula than central foveal thickness for several reasons. Foveal thickness is determined from many mo ...
... have shown that central foveal thickness is significantly correlated with best-corrected visual acuity in Normal and diabetic eyes. However, foveal thickness may be more indicative of changes in the macula than central foveal thickness for several reasons. Foveal thickness is determined from many mo ...
Factors associated with foveoschisis and foveal detachment
... detachment without a macular hole on OCT examination. The prevalence was 8% (10/124). The characteristics of these patients are summarized in Table 1. The age of the patients with foveal detachment and foveoschisis ranged from 37 to 73 years (mean, 53 years). Eight of the 10 eyes (80%) were from pat ...
... detachment without a macular hole on OCT examination. The prevalence was 8% (10/124). The characteristics of these patients are summarized in Table 1. The age of the patients with foveal detachment and foveoschisis ranged from 37 to 73 years (mean, 53 years). Eight of the 10 eyes (80%) were from pat ...
Retina
The retina (/ˈrɛtɪnə/ RET-i-nə, pl. retinae, /ˈrɛtiniː/; from Latin rēte, meaning ""net"") is the third and inner coat of the eye which is a light-sensitive layer of tissue. The optics of the eye create an image of the visual world on the retina (through the cornea and lens), which serves much the same function as the film in a camera. Light striking the retina initiates a cascade of chemical and electrical events that ultimately trigger nerve impulses. These are sent to various visual centres of the brain through the fibres of the optic nerve.In vertebrate embryonic development, the retina and the optic nerve originate as outgrowths of the developing brain, so the retina is considered part of the central nervous system (CNS) and is actually brain tissue. It is the only part of the CNS that can be visualized non-invasively.The retina is a layered structure with several layers of neurons interconnected by synapses. The only neurons that are directly sensitive to light are the photoreceptor cells. These are mainly of two types: the rods and cones. Rods function mainly in dim light and provide black-and-white vision, while cones support daytime vision and the perception of colour. A third, much rarer type of photoreceptor, the intrinsically photosensitive ganglion cell, is important for reflexive responses to bright daylight.Neural signals from the rods and cones undergo processing by other neurons of the retina. The output takes the form of action potentials in retinal ganglion cells whose axons form the optic nerve. Several important features of visual perception can be traced to the retinal encoding and processing of light.