Chemical kinetics of form aldehyde in biofuel combustion
... decomposition, or react with a wide range of other species produced. It is therefore an important component in several reaction paths (Vandooren et al. 1986; Li et al. 2007). Understanding the combustion chemistry of formaldehyde is essential in the development of chemical kinetics mechanisms for hy ...
... decomposition, or react with a wide range of other species produced. It is therefore an important component in several reaction paths (Vandooren et al. 1986; Li et al. 2007). Understanding the combustion chemistry of formaldehyde is essential in the development of chemical kinetics mechanisms for hy ...
A relation between continental heat flow and the seismic reflectivity
... layering for which a correlation with the surface heat flow is presented in this paper. Presentation of data Figure 1 a shows a sample of deep seismic data recorded southwest of Britain by BIRPS. A dramatic increase in reflectivity occurs at 6.0–6.5 s (all times are given as two-way travel times). S ...
... layering for which a correlation with the surface heat flow is presented in this paper. Presentation of data Figure 1 a shows a sample of deep seismic data recorded southwest of Britain by BIRPS. A dramatic increase in reflectivity occurs at 6.0–6.5 s (all times are given as two-way travel times). S ...
Coupled Electrical and Thermal Analysis of Power
... Power cables are widely used in power transmission and distribution networks. Although overhead lines are often preferred for power transmission lines, power cables are preferred for ensuring safety of life, aesthetic appearance and secure operation in intense settlement areas. The simple structure ...
... Power cables are widely used in power transmission and distribution networks. Although overhead lines are often preferred for power transmission lines, power cables are preferred for ensuring safety of life, aesthetic appearance and secure operation in intense settlement areas. The simple structure ...
I. INTRODUCTION II. MEASUREMENT OF SOIL
... If the diameter and length of the probe, D and L, and soil thermal resistivity are known and the probe surface temperature T1 is measured and soil surface temperature T2 can be found under steady state conditions then a solution to the two dimensional heat flow between the probe and the surface thro ...
... If the diameter and length of the probe, D and L, and soil thermal resistivity are known and the probe surface temperature T1 is measured and soil surface temperature T2 can be found under steady state conditions then a solution to the two dimensional heat flow between the probe and the surface thro ...
34 Classification of Dryers
... When the pressure of the air equals the weight of the particles per area of bed, the layer of particles is incipiently fluidised. At this pressure the layer undergoes moderate particle mixing. Velocities lower than this results in no particle mixing. Increasing the air velocity over that caused by ...
... When the pressure of the air equals the weight of the particles per area of bed, the layer of particles is incipiently fluidised. At this pressure the layer undergoes moderate particle mixing. Velocities lower than this results in no particle mixing. Increasing the air velocity over that caused by ...
the temperature prediction in deepwater drilling
... ocean currents and induced eddies can pose significant problems for deep-water drilling. Broadly divided ocean currents, surface currents, bottom currents and vertical currents, interact with the deep water drilling structures as one of environmental forces. One of the engineering challenges in deep ...
... ocean currents and induced eddies can pose significant problems for deep-water drilling. Broadly divided ocean currents, surface currents, bottom currents and vertical currents, interact with the deep water drilling structures as one of environmental forces. One of the engineering challenges in deep ...
Thermodynamics Demystified
... composition); it is transformed from one of these forms to another; and it is transferred across a boundary as either heat or work. We will present equations that relate the transformations and transfers of energy to properties such as temperature, pressure, and density. The properties of materials ...
... composition); it is transformed from one of these forms to another; and it is transferred across a boundary as either heat or work. We will present equations that relate the transformations and transfers of energy to properties such as temperature, pressure, and density. The properties of materials ...
Symmetric and asymmetric modes of the thermohaline circulation
... to be reached in the high latitudes, where the vertical mixing is primarily due to convection. Thus, the limitation on κ is not generally expected to influence our qualitative results. (For the mixing specified by case II, however, the imposed limit may possible distort the dynamics in deep and weak ...
... to be reached in the high latitudes, where the vertical mixing is primarily due to convection. Thus, the limitation on κ is not generally expected to influence our qualitative results. (For the mixing specified by case II, however, the imposed limit may possible distort the dynamics in deep and weak ...
An evaluation of the nature and timing of summer human thermal
... As for all thermal comfort indices PMV has a number of limitations. Perhaps the major limitation is that skin temperature and evaporative heat loss are constrained to values for comfort at a given activity level. The PMV equation also only applies to sedentary subjects exposed to steady-state condit ...
... As for all thermal comfort indices PMV has a number of limitations. Perhaps the major limitation is that skin temperature and evaporative heat loss are constrained to values for comfort at a given activity level. The PMV equation also only applies to sedentary subjects exposed to steady-state condit ...
Performance and testing of thermal interface materials
... see that the heat flux has increased a factor of 6.1. For the Pentium 2, the TIM accounted for approximately 15% of the total allowable thermal resistance. If this same TIM were used on the Pentium 4, the TIM would use 80% of the allowed total thermal resistance. Further, increased CPU power is expe ...
... see that the heat flux has increased a factor of 6.1. For the Pentium 2, the TIM accounted for approximately 15% of the total allowable thermal resistance. If this same TIM were used on the Pentium 4, the TIM would use 80% of the allowed total thermal resistance. Further, increased CPU power is expe ...
Three-Dimensional Simulations of Mantle Convection in Io
... For the parameters listed in Table I, and using the mantle viscosity that is assumed to be 1017 Pa s, RaH = 1.09 × 1012 , approximately four orders of magnitude higher than that which can currently be simulated. Thus, it is necessary to scale some parameters to reduce RaH . A scaling is chosen that ...
... For the parameters listed in Table I, and using the mantle viscosity that is assumed to be 1017 Pa s, RaH = 1.09 × 1012 , approximately four orders of magnitude higher than that which can currently be simulated. Thus, it is necessary to scale some parameters to reduce RaH . A scaling is chosen that ...
Dynamic insulation
Dynamic insulation is a form of insulation where cool outside air flowing through the thermal insulation in the envelope of a building will pick up heat from the insulation fibres. Buildings can be designed to exploit this to reduce the transmission heat loss (U-value) and to provide pre-warmed, draft free air to interior spaces. This is known as dynamic insulation since the U-value is no longer constant for a given wall or roof construction but varies with the speed of the air flowing through the insulation (climate adaptive building shell). Dynamic insulation is different from breathing walls. The positive aspects of dynamic insulation need to be weighed against the more conventional approach to building design which is to create an airtight envelope and provide appropriate ventilation using either natural ventilation or mechanical ventilation with heat recovery. The air-tight approach to building envelope design, unlike dynamic insulation, results in a building envelope that provides a consistent performance in terms of heat loss and risk of interstitial condensation that is independent of wind speed and direction. Under certain wind conditions a dynamically insulated building can have a higher heat transmission loss than an air-tight building with the same thickness of insulation.