Curtain Wall Systems
... The architectural appeal of glass comes from its most obvious properties—light reflectance and transmittance. In daylight, glass reflects its surroundings. On a high-rise tower blue sky is seen reflected on a clear sunny day, clouds on an overcast day, and lit offices at night. Glass gets your atten ...
... The architectural appeal of glass comes from its most obvious properties—light reflectance and transmittance. In daylight, glass reflects its surroundings. On a high-rise tower blue sky is seen reflected on a clear sunny day, clouds on an overcast day, and lit offices at night. Glass gets your atten ...
Wood Handbook, Chapter 17: Use of Wood in Buildings and Bridges
... block is placed midheight between exterior studs to support the partition wall. In such a case, backup clips on the partition stud are needed to accommodate the interior finish. Upper plates are usually doubled, especially when rafters or floor joists will bear on the top plate between studs. The se ...
... block is placed midheight between exterior studs to support the partition wall. In such a case, backup clips on the partition stud are needed to accommodate the interior finish. Upper plates are usually doubled, especially when rafters or floor joists will bear on the top plate between studs. The se ...
Rendering Thermal Performance
... What are the advantages of single leaf construction? 1. Reduced Costs: With only one wall to build, material costs are reduced and construction is significantly faster than cavity wall, saving time and money. In one recent project in London, the money saved by the early off-hire of the tower crane v ...
... What are the advantages of single leaf construction? 1. Reduced Costs: With only one wall to build, material costs are reduced and construction is significantly faster than cavity wall, saving time and money. In one recent project in London, the money saved by the early off-hire of the tower crane v ...
The construction of Super High-rise Composite Structures in Hong
... rigidity to resist deflection caused by lateral load (wind) • Usually formed by mechanical-lifted formwork system such as climb form or jump form • Connection provision such as anchor plate for steel beams, build-in bar couplers or starter bar box for slab, and anchor frame for outrigger, will be pr ...
... rigidity to resist deflection caused by lateral load (wind) • Usually formed by mechanical-lifted formwork system such as climb form or jump form • Connection provision such as anchor plate for steel beams, build-in bar couplers or starter bar box for slab, and anchor frame for outrigger, will be pr ...
A Skyscraper`s Durability 1 Running Header
... Construction Loads Construction loads are the pressures inflicted upon a building’s structure due to the material it was built from (Beedle, 1986). Contractors tend to stockpile on heavy building equipment for economical purposes, and the architect will not be aware of the contractor’s actions. What ...
... Construction Loads Construction loads are the pressures inflicted upon a building’s structure due to the material it was built from (Beedle, 1986). Contractors tend to stockpile on heavy building equipment for economical purposes, and the architect will not be aware of the contractor’s actions. What ...
Load Bearing Single Wall Construction from
... became a significant factor in the development of the middle class2. The stud frame simplified construction, primarily through the low weight of its parts and simple nailed joints, making it possible for small crews "a man and a boy can do all of it”3, to quickly erect and enclose a framed house. Br ...
... became a significant factor in the development of the middle class2. The stud frame simplified construction, primarily through the low weight of its parts and simple nailed joints, making it possible for small crews "a man and a boy can do all of it”3, to quickly erect and enclose a framed house. Br ...
Testing Building Envelope Systems Using Infrared Thermography
... buildings, by temporarily altering the HVAC system, to create a negative pressure inside. During the heating season the resulting sites of air infiltration appear cooler. The work can be done any time of year the indoor/outdoor temperature difference is greater than a few degrees. Blower door fans c ...
... buildings, by temporarily altering the HVAC system, to create a negative pressure inside. During the heating season the resulting sites of air infiltration appear cooler. The work can be done any time of year the indoor/outdoor temperature difference is greater than a few degrees. Blower door fans c ...
BRANZ Triboard Construction System
... Walls comprising Triboard wall panels and wall battens have been designed as an integral unit. The stiffness and strength of the walls and lintels are adequate to resist gravity, wind and earthquake loads to the same level as conventional timber framing with similar deflections. ...
... Walls comprising Triboard wall panels and wall battens have been designed as an integral unit. The stiffness and strength of the walls and lintels are adequate to resist gravity, wind and earthquake loads to the same level as conventional timber framing with similar deflections. ...
CONSTRUCTION AND STRUCTURES – II MAJOR ASSIGNMENT
... construction, particularly for factory and warehouse buildings. These frames provide support to a steel roof and a variety of forms of external wall construction including: steel sheeting supported by girts, masonry, dado walls, precast concrete panels and tilt-up concrete panels. The steel portal f ...
... construction, particularly for factory and warehouse buildings. These frames provide support to a steel roof and a variety of forms of external wall construction including: steel sheeting supported by girts, masonry, dado walls, precast concrete panels and tilt-up concrete panels. The steel portal f ...
3. The elements of the buildings` envelope
... The choice of timber, PVC or aluminium frame depends of factors such as aesthetics and maintenance. All are suitable for use with double glazing systems. However, when specifying aluminium units, care should be taken to avoid thermal bridge problems. The frame must be strong enough to support the we ...
... The choice of timber, PVC or aluminium frame depends of factors such as aesthetics and maintenance. All are suitable for use with double glazing systems. However, when specifying aluminium units, care should be taken to avoid thermal bridge problems. The frame must be strong enough to support the we ...
- The American School of Classical Studies at Athens
... It representsfurtherrefinementin accountingproceduresand states that the Chalkothekeis situated on the Akropolis, where a new reckoning of the contents of the building is to be made (lines 12-13). 10The inscriptioncites a decreeof the Boule calling for a more stringent tally of the objectsin the Cha ...
... It representsfurtherrefinementin accountingproceduresand states that the Chalkothekeis situated on the Akropolis, where a new reckoning of the contents of the building is to be made (lines 12-13). 10The inscriptioncites a decreeof the Boule calling for a more stringent tally of the objectsin the Cha ...
Thermal Characteristics of a Vernacular Building Envelope
... as per the requirement of comfort temperature. Building design is greatly influenced by the severity and climatic variations leading to the need for integrating the building thermal design with the overall design process, helping the designer to decide at the beginning of the design process to brin ...
... as per the requirement of comfort temperature. Building design is greatly influenced by the severity and climatic variations leading to the need for integrating the building thermal design with the overall design process, helping the designer to decide at the beginning of the design process to brin ...
SHEAR WALL Shear walls are vertical elements of the horizontal
... its web. The horizontal floor beams act more or less as transverse stiffeners in a plate girder steel plate shear wall systems have been used in recent years in highly seismic area to resist lateral loads. Thus shear walls are one of the most effective building elements in resisting lateral forces d ...
... its web. The horizontal floor beams act more or less as transverse stiffeners in a plate girder steel plate shear wall systems have been used in recent years in highly seismic area to resist lateral loads. Thus shear walls are one of the most effective building elements in resisting lateral forces d ...
Construction Type Guidelines
... Note: For ATC 3, the building type would not have a structural frame. ...
... Note: For ATC 3, the building type would not have a structural frame. ...
Double Wall Framing Technique-An Example of High Performance
... Double wall technologies utilizing wood framing have been well-known and used in North American buildings for decades. Most of double wall designs use only natural materials such as wood products, gypsum, and cellulose fiber insulation, being one of few building envelope technologies achieving high ...
... Double wall technologies utilizing wood framing have been well-known and used in North American buildings for decades. Most of double wall designs use only natural materials such as wood products, gypsum, and cellulose fiber insulation, being one of few building envelope technologies achieving high ...
Corrosion: The Use of Metal within Masonry Wall Systems
... Early brick walls were typically mono lithic. Brick headers were used to tie adja cent wythes together. The popularity of the uniform appearance of the running bond pattern led to alternate methods of creating a monolithic wall. A more reliable system that was more economical than the blind header ...
... Early brick walls were typically mono lithic. Brick headers were used to tie adja cent wythes together. The popularity of the uniform appearance of the running bond pattern led to alternate methods of creating a monolithic wall. A more reliable system that was more economical than the blind header ...
Spring Moisture Control - Masonry Advisory Council
... Masonry Flashing for Exterior Openings Moisture entering buildings has the potential to cause problems for the health and well-being of the building inhabitants if the building envelope is not designed and constructed properly. Thus, the flashing of masonry for exterior openings is tremendously impo ...
... Masonry Flashing for Exterior Openings Moisture entering buildings has the potential to cause problems for the health and well-being of the building inhabitants if the building envelope is not designed and constructed properly. Thus, the flashing of masonry for exterior openings is tremendously impo ...
Case Study: Shanghai World Financial Center - ctbuh
... From the onset of the Shanghai World Financial Center project, its developers targeted a cutting-edge, mixed use mega-complex that would serve a multitude of tenant lifestyle demands. When a desire to change the building size surfaced after the foundation was put in place, it was up to the structura ...
... From the onset of the Shanghai World Financial Center project, its developers targeted a cutting-edge, mixed use mega-complex that would serve a multitude of tenant lifestyle demands. When a desire to change the building size surfaced after the foundation was put in place, it was up to the structura ...
- Science Publishing Corporation
... properties of the masonry walls and dimensions are typical for old traditional stone buildings. The following properties are used: the thickness of the stone wall is 60 cm, the density 2,100 kg/m3, the modulus of elasticity 2,500 MPa, the compressive strength 2.8 MPa, the tensile strength 0.28 MPa ( ...
... properties of the masonry walls and dimensions are typical for old traditional stone buildings. The following properties are used: the thickness of the stone wall is 60 cm, the density 2,100 kg/m3, the modulus of elasticity 2,500 MPa, the compressive strength 2.8 MPa, the tensile strength 0.28 MPa ( ...
Ensuring good seismic performance with platform-frame
... and design and analysis tools, along with changes in economic and social conditions and in consumer preferences provide an ongoing impetus to improve seismic resistance of buildings. Results from research on the seismic behaviour of such components as shear walls and diaphragms, connections made wit ...
... and design and analysis tools, along with changes in economic and social conditions and in consumer preferences provide an ongoing impetus to improve seismic resistance of buildings. Results from research on the seismic behaviour of such components as shear walls and diaphragms, connections made wit ...
Concrete Diaphragm Walls… One Size Does Not Fit All
... sides of the excavation. The wall was designed to extend into the maFigure 1: Generalized subsurface profiles rine clay deposit, approximately 15 to 20 feet below the bottom of the excavation, and 60 feet above the top of bedrock. The wall was not designed to support permanent axial building loads. ...
... sides of the excavation. The wall was designed to extend into the maFigure 1: Generalized subsurface profiles rine clay deposit, approximately 15 to 20 feet below the bottom of the excavation, and 60 feet above the top of bedrock. The wall was not designed to support permanent axial building loads. ...
... modifying building to provide the required stability include bracing, shear walls, moment resisting connections or a combination of any two or the three options [6, 7]. Bracing systems help buildings to resist lateral forces, but they are designed to yield first in shear or bending in localised ‘sei ...
Total-Precast Solution Provides Sturdy Data Center
... natural disaster resistance, including high wind loads, are especially advantageous uses of the material. For example, Metromont provided the structural system for a data-center project in Oklahoma City, Okla., that was designed to withstand 300-mph wind loads. “The panels we designed for this proje ...
... natural disaster resistance, including high wind loads, are especially advantageous uses of the material. For example, Metromont provided the structural system for a data-center project in Oklahoma City, Okla., that was designed to withstand 300-mph wind loads. “The panels we designed for this proje ...
RTF RTF
... This means that very little energy is required for heating or air conditioning. Secondly, its production costs are relatively low, thus bringing down the price of a glass façade to a reasonable level. And thirdly, Iconic Skin offers plenty of leeway in the design, as it allows a length of up to 16 m ...
... This means that very little energy is required for heating or air conditioning. Secondly, its production costs are relatively low, thus bringing down the price of a glass façade to a reasonable level. And thirdly, Iconic Skin offers plenty of leeway in the design, as it allows a length of up to 16 m ...
Curtain wall (architecture)
A curtain wall system is an outer covering of a building in which the outer walls are non-structural, but merely keep the weather out and the occupants in. As the curtain wall is non-structural it can be made of a lightweight material, reducing construction costs. When glass is used as the curtain wall, a great advantage is that natural light can penetrate deeper within the building. The curtain wall façade does not carry any dead load weight from the building other than its own dead load weight. The wall transfers horizontal wind loads that are incident upon it to the main building structure through connections at floors or columns of the building. A curtain wall is designed to resist air and water infiltration, sway induced by wind and seismic forces acting on the building, and its own dead load weight forces.Curtain wall systems are typically designed with extruded aluminum members, although the first curtain walls were made of steel. The aluminium frame is typically infilled with glass, which provides an architecturally pleasing building, as well as benefits such as daylighting. However, parameters related to solar gain control such as thermal comfort and visual comfort are more difficult to control when using highly glazed curtain walls. Other common infills include: stone veneer, metal panels, louvres, and operable windows or vents.Curtain walls differ from store-front systems in that they are designed to span multiple floors, and take into consideration design requirements such as: thermal expansion and contraction; building sway and movement; water diversion; and thermal efficiency for cost-effective heating, cooling, and lighting in the building.