Linear Polarization 5.2.4 Polarization and Materials
... The basic ideas are easy to state. First, if there is an optical anisotropy, it can take two basic forms (and then mixtures of the two, of course): 1. The index of refraction depends on the crystal direction. The optical effects resulting from this are called "birefringence" or double refraction (La ...
... The basic ideas are easy to state. First, if there is an optical anisotropy, it can take two basic forms (and then mixtures of the two, of course): 1. The index of refraction depends on the crystal direction. The optical effects resulting from this are called "birefringence" or double refraction (La ...
Comparison of two-color methods based on wavelength and
... This paper describes the characteristics of a two-color method based on the adjacent pulse repetition interval length (APRIL), which functions as a length unit for femtosecond optical frequency combs (FOFCs), and compares the results to the wavelength-based two-color method. The wavelength-based two ...
... This paper describes the characteristics of a two-color method based on the adjacent pulse repetition interval length (APRIL), which functions as a length unit for femtosecond optical frequency combs (FOFCs), and compares the results to the wavelength-based two-color method. The wavelength-based two ...
The world through a spinning window
... i.e., in which a particular object or system is not moving—of the medium, ∆refrac ∝ 1 − n−1 (see Figure 1). Note that in the rest frame the light is no longer at normal incidence but is inclined at an angle given by β = v/c. Our initial approach to measuring this effect was to rotate a 20cm glass ba ...
... i.e., in which a particular object or system is not moving—of the medium, ∆refrac ∝ 1 − n−1 (see Figure 1). Note that in the rest frame the light is no longer at normal incidence but is inclined at an angle given by β = v/c. Our initial approach to measuring this effect was to rotate a 20cm glass ba ...
Refractive Indices, Order Parameter and Optical Transmittance
... transition from nematic to isotropic phase was found as 6 K. Demus et al. [29] and Singh et al. [16] have also observed similar behaviour and concluded that the breadth of the transition depends upon purity of the substance and it increases with lower purity. Cheng and Meyer [30] have reported pre-t ...
... transition from nematic to isotropic phase was found as 6 K. Demus et al. [29] and Singh et al. [16] have also observed similar behaviour and concluded that the breadth of the transition depends upon purity of the substance and it increases with lower purity. Cheng and Meyer [30] have reported pre-t ...
CraveTheWaveTestQuestions-Cobra2016
... 26. A tsunami travels from California to Hawaii (around 2,500 miles) in 2.0 days and 2.0 hours. It takes about one minute for each wave to occur. What is the wavelength of the tsunami wave in kilometers? Assume 1 mile is 1.6 kilometers. Distance between California and Hawaii = 2500 miles = 2500 * 1. ...
... 26. A tsunami travels from California to Hawaii (around 2,500 miles) in 2.0 days and 2.0 hours. It takes about one minute for each wave to occur. What is the wavelength of the tsunami wave in kilometers? Assume 1 mile is 1.6 kilometers. Distance between California and Hawaii = 2500 miles = 2500 * 1. ...
To understand the basics of reflection and refraction
... • Reflecting light goes at the same angle it hits (from point of view of the surface) • Refracted light will depend on the difference of mediums and the angle. • At some angle (critical angle) the refracted angle is 90 degrees – so you get no refraction bigger entry angles. • Also, reflections polar ...
... • Reflecting light goes at the same angle it hits (from point of view of the surface) • Refracted light will depend on the difference of mediums and the angle. • At some angle (critical angle) the refracted angle is 90 degrees – so you get no refraction bigger entry angles. • Also, reflections polar ...
Slow Light - Duke Physics
... Figure 2. Sinusoidal component waves interfere to create a pulse of light. atoms with a strong absorption resonance is an interesting candidate. The refractive index for such a sample is typically small (n21 ≈ 1023), but it varies rapidly in the region of the resonance so that dn/dω and, hence, ng c ...
... Figure 2. Sinusoidal component waves interfere to create a pulse of light. atoms with a strong absorption resonance is an interesting candidate. The refractive index for such a sample is typically small (n21 ≈ 1023), but it varies rapidly in the region of the resonance so that dn/dω and, hence, ng c ...
2004 - thephysicsteacher.ie
... Optical fibres are made of very transparent glass or plastic. The fibres contain at least two layers. Guiding light in an optical fibre depends on how light travels through different media. Light waves are bent, or refracted, as they pass between materials of different refractive index. The amount o ...
... Optical fibres are made of very transparent glass or plastic. The fibres contain at least two layers. Guiding light in an optical fibre depends on how light travels through different media. Light waves are bent, or refracted, as they pass between materials of different refractive index. The amount o ...
Lecture 3 - Propagetion trhough optical fiber
... • Change of rate of group velocity is proportional to β2 • When β2=0 pulse does not broaden! Propagation constant for monochromatic wave • Defined by β=ωn/c = 2πn/λ = kn • k is the wave number k=2π/λ (spatial frequency) • Thus, for core β1 = k.n1 • That is kn2 < β
... • Change of rate of group velocity is proportional to β2 • When β2=0 pulse does not broaden! Propagation constant for monochromatic wave • Defined by β=ωn/c = 2πn/λ = kn • k is the wave number k=2π/λ (spatial frequency) • Thus, for core β1 = k.n1 • That is kn2 < β
Solution
... (5) In many applications it is necessary to expand or to decrease the diameter of a beam of parallel rays of light. This change can be made by using a diverging lens, followed by a converging one. If diverging lens has focal length −f1 < 0, and the converging lens has focal length f2 > f1 , by what ...
... (5) In many applications it is necessary to expand or to decrease the diameter of a beam of parallel rays of light. This change can be made by using a diverging lens, followed by a converging one. If diverging lens has focal length −f1 < 0, and the converging lens has focal length f2 > f1 , by what ...
Mathematical description of EM waves
... ε0 = permittivity of free space, µ0 = magnetic permeability of free space To describe EM propagation in other media,€two properties of the medium are important, its electric permittivity ε and magnetic permeability µ. These are also complex parameters. ε = ε0(1+ χ) + i σ/ω = complex permittivity σ ...
... ε0 = permittivity of free space, µ0 = magnetic permeability of free space To describe EM propagation in other media,€two properties of the medium are important, its electric permittivity ε and magnetic permeability µ. These are also complex parameters. ε = ε0(1+ χ) + i σ/ω = complex permittivity σ ...
Whispering gallery modes of microspheres in the presence of a
... can be repeated for the TM polarization, noting only the key differences. From Eq. 共12兲 we see that reflection phase for TM polarization is close to zero for large N. Therefore, the resonant dielectric sphere of Fig. 1共a兲 may be considered as a perturbation of a sphere with an ideal magnetic wall fo ...
... can be repeated for the TM polarization, noting only the key differences. From Eq. 共12兲 we see that reflection phase for TM polarization is close to zero for large N. Therefore, the resonant dielectric sphere of Fig. 1共a兲 may be considered as a perturbation of a sphere with an ideal magnetic wall fo ...
Interferometric back focal plane microellipsometry
... The averages of the four d lines given in Eqs. ~17! from the difference maps of Fig. 5 are shown in Fig. 6. Averaging is done to reduce the measurement noise. The theoretical curves are generated from representative values as listed in the literature14 for the refractive indices at our operating wav ...
... The averages of the four d lines given in Eqs. ~17! from the difference maps of Fig. 5 are shown in Fig. 6. Averaging is done to reduce the measurement noise. The theoretical curves are generated from representative values as listed in the literature14 for the refractive indices at our operating wav ...
Laser Refraction and Diffraction
... 5. Let the refractive index of air be na, and use Snell’s law to calculate the refractive index of the glass plate. 6. Repeat Procedures 1 to 5 for 3 to 5 iterations to calculate the refractive indice average and errors. 7. Determine the possible refractive index of a glass plate. B. Slit and gratin ...
... 5. Let the refractive index of air be na, and use Snell’s law to calculate the refractive index of the glass plate. 6. Repeat Procedures 1 to 5 for 3 to 5 iterations to calculate the refractive indice average and errors. 7. Determine the possible refractive index of a glass plate. B. Slit and gratin ...
Non-invasive ophthalmic imaging of adult zebrafish eye using
... mean retinal thickness and effective refractive index of the crystalline lens. Keywords: Eyes, non-invasive ophthalmic imaging, optical coherence tomography, zebrafish. USE of optical techniques for biomedical imaging is a topic of considerable current interest. This is motivated by the potential of ...
... mean retinal thickness and effective refractive index of the crystalline lens. Keywords: Eyes, non-invasive ophthalmic imaging, optical coherence tomography, zebrafish. USE of optical techniques for biomedical imaging is a topic of considerable current interest. This is motivated by the potential of ...
Document
... Electromagnetic waves they are waves ( disturbance ) that don’t need medium to propagate ( travel ) through - can travel in space Transverse and longitudinal Transverse waves only - water waves - x ray waves - sound waves - radio waves - light waves Has low speed High speed in vacuum= 3 × 108 Result ...
... Electromagnetic waves they are waves ( disturbance ) that don’t need medium to propagate ( travel ) through - can travel in space Transverse and longitudinal Transverse waves only - water waves - x ray waves - sound waves - radio waves - light waves Has low speed High speed in vacuum= 3 × 108 Result ...
Direct index of refraction measurement at extreme
... as compared with hard x-ray and visible wavelengths. A novel diffractive optical element, which combines the functions of a grating and a zoneplate, is fabricated following Fourier optical techniques and employed here for the first time at EUV/soft x-ray wavelengths. Both the real and imaginary parts ...
... as compared with hard x-ray and visible wavelengths. A novel diffractive optical element, which combines the functions of a grating and a zoneplate, is fabricated following Fourier optical techniques and employed here for the first time at EUV/soft x-ray wavelengths. Both the real and imaginary parts ...
PowerPoint - ECSE - Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
... A photon of higher wavelength also has higher energy Phonon refers to mechanical or lattice vibrational energy The Kerr effect is attractive for modulation because a relatively small change in the applied electric field is magnified into a larger-than-linear change in refractive index ...
... A photon of higher wavelength also has higher energy Phonon refers to mechanical or lattice vibrational energy The Kerr effect is attractive for modulation because a relatively small change in the applied electric field is magnified into a larger-than-linear change in refractive index ...