Class3a_EM_spr09
... Polarization refers to the orientation of the electric field vector and can be used to infer properties of the atmospheric particulates like rainfall rate. Polarization can be used to infer ocean surface roughness to infer near-surface wind speed from passive emission measurements and near-surface w ...
... Polarization refers to the orientation of the electric field vector and can be used to infer properties of the atmospheric particulates like rainfall rate. Polarization can be used to infer ocean surface roughness to infer near-surface wind speed from passive emission measurements and near-surface w ...
Sub-wavelength grating for enhanced ring resonator biosensor
... the sensor, many groups have sought to improve the ring resonator’s sensitivity. The sensitivity is determined by the overlap of the electric field with the analyte and can be improved by increasing that overlap. Because of the high index contrast of Si/SiO2 (or Si/H2 O) most of the electric field i ...
... the sensor, many groups have sought to improve the ring resonator’s sensitivity. The sensitivity is determined by the overlap of the electric field with the analyte and can be improved by increasing that overlap. Because of the high index contrast of Si/SiO2 (or Si/H2 O) most of the electric field i ...
Volume Holographic Recording and Readout for 90
... where k refers to a propagation constant of light in the material, to be made more precise later. Also, the angle of the grating vector is terms in the surviving Laplace variable. It is pointed outthat the inverse transformation of 2-D Laplace functions as derived here is rather difficult even under ...
... where k refers to a propagation constant of light in the material, to be made more precise later. Also, the angle of the grating vector is terms in the surviving Laplace variable. It is pointed outthat the inverse transformation of 2-D Laplace functions as derived here is rather difficult even under ...
Design of Refractive Index Profile for Multimode Optical Fibers with
... where nk is refractive index of k layer (k=0…N); nmax is the maximal core refractive index. Profile optimization leads to minimization of the objective function with great number of arguments, and simplex search method of Nelder and Mead can be applied, that can be submitted by [13,4] devoted to pro ...
... where nk is refractive index of k layer (k=0…N); nmax is the maximal core refractive index. Profile optimization leads to minimization of the objective function with great number of arguments, and simplex search method of Nelder and Mead can be applied, that can be submitted by [13,4] devoted to pro ...
Chapter 24
... travels one-half of a wavelength farther than the lower wave The trough of the bottom wave overlaps the crest of the upper wave This is destructive interference ...
... travels one-half of a wavelength farther than the lower wave The trough of the bottom wave overlaps the crest of the upper wave This is destructive interference ...
Chapter 24: Wave Optics
... travels one-half of a wavelength farther than the lower wave The trough of the bottom wave overlaps the crest of the upper wave This is destructive interference ...
... travels one-half of a wavelength farther than the lower wave The trough of the bottom wave overlaps the crest of the upper wave This is destructive interference ...
MEASUREMENT AND COMPARISON OF REFRACTIVE INDEX OF
... Table 6. The readings of turbidity measured for twelve samples collected from different surface water sources in Namibia. ..................................................... 57 Table 5. The readings of salinity measured for twelve samples collected from different surface water sources in Namibia. ...
... Table 6. The readings of turbidity measured for twelve samples collected from different surface water sources in Namibia. ..................................................... 57 Table 5. The readings of salinity measured for twelve samples collected from different surface water sources in Namibia. ...
acta physica slovaca vol. 50 No. 4, 489 – 500 August 2000 MATRIX
... one can use the same matrix formalism for expressing the optical quantities of thin film system containing the slightly rough boundaries as in the case of the system with the ideally smooth boundaries (see Section 2). This matrix formalism can not be used for the rough systems containing one or more ...
... one can use the same matrix formalism for expressing the optical quantities of thin film system containing the slightly rough boundaries as in the case of the system with the ideally smooth boundaries (see Section 2). This matrix formalism can not be used for the rough systems containing one or more ...
Chapter 24 Powerpoint
... illuminated by the green component from a mercury vapor lamp (λ = 546.1 nm). The interference pattern is observed on a screen 1.20 m from the plane of the parallel slits. Calculate the distance (a) from the central maximum to the first bright region on either side of the central maximum and (b) betw ...
... illuminated by the green component from a mercury vapor lamp (λ = 546.1 nm). The interference pattern is observed on a screen 1.20 m from the plane of the parallel slits. Calculate the distance (a) from the central maximum to the first bright region on either side of the central maximum and (b) betw ...
Different Types of Dispersions in an Optical Fiber
... Speed of light is actually the velocity of electromagnetic energy in vacuum such as space. Light travels at slower velocities in other materials such as glass. Light travelling from one material to another changes speed, which results in light changing its direction of travel. This deflection of lig ...
... Speed of light is actually the velocity of electromagnetic energy in vacuum such as space. Light travels at slower velocities in other materials such as glass. Light travelling from one material to another changes speed, which results in light changing its direction of travel. This deflection of lig ...
Active semiconductor-based grating waveguide structures
... charge carriers concentration) increases. Therefore, the dependence of the refractive index change on the variation in charge carriers concentration is weaker in these configurations compared to the linear dependence induced in the forward voltage configurations. Furthermore, in the reverse voltage ...
... charge carriers concentration) increases. Therefore, the dependence of the refractive index change on the variation in charge carriers concentration is weaker in these configurations compared to the linear dependence induced in the forward voltage configurations. Furthermore, in the reverse voltage ...
barrier penetration
... microwaves emitted from the horn are polarized parallel to the long axis of the Gunn diode (the slender shiny cylinder located at the base of the horn). While the transmitter can be rotated to change the polarization axis, for this experiment the Gunn diode should be kept vertical (0 on the scale). ...
... microwaves emitted from the horn are polarized parallel to the long axis of the Gunn diode (the slender shiny cylinder located at the base of the horn). While the transmitter can be rotated to change the polarization axis, for this experiment the Gunn diode should be kept vertical (0 on the scale). ...
Theoretical and empirical comparison of coupling coefficient and
... 4 to 15μm [7]. It also shows a strong decrease when the fiber core spacing increases, as expected from Equation (5) by assuming that the interaction length is negligible as compared to the radius of the curvature of the fibers and the wavelength. On the other hand, δ decays smoothly at lower d rathe ...
... 4 to 15μm [7]. It also shows a strong decrease when the fiber core spacing increases, as expected from Equation (5) by assuming that the interaction length is negligible as compared to the radius of the curvature of the fibers and the wavelength. On the other hand, δ decays smoothly at lower d rathe ...
Modes Effective Refractive Index Difference Measurement
... called “time-wavelength mapping” [4]. Michael A. Galle et al. simultaneously measured first and second order dispersion in short length few mode fibers by using virtual reference interferometry [5]. Multimode dispersion was also measured based on the time-of-flight method [6][7], however, this metho ...
... called “time-wavelength mapping” [4]. Michael A. Galle et al. simultaneously measured first and second order dispersion in short length few mode fibers by using virtual reference interferometry [5]. Multimode dispersion was also measured based on the time-of-flight method [6][7], however, this metho ...
Studies of Nanostructured Layers with UV-VIS Spectroscopic Ellipsometry
... Here tan( )=|Rp|/|Rs| and = p- s are the amplitude ratio upon reflection and the phase shift, respectively. Optical parameters like layer thicknesses and refractive indices can normally not be calculated directly from measured and values. However the opposite, i.e. to calculate the and from an optic ...
... Here tan( )=|Rp|/|Rs| and = p- s are the amplitude ratio upon reflection and the phase shift, respectively. Optical parameters like layer thicknesses and refractive indices can normally not be calculated directly from measured and values. However the opposite, i.e. to calculate the and from an optic ...
Techreportjul09 - University of Reading
... used by climate modellers) is drawn from incompletely graphitised carbon and has a lower absorption refractive index than most atmospheric soot. That study provides a range of refractive indices for black carbon, but also discusses the inappropriateness of homogenous sphere Mie theory for this aeros ...
... used by climate modellers) is drawn from incompletely graphitised carbon and has a lower absorption refractive index than most atmospheric soot. That study provides a range of refractive indices for black carbon, but also discusses the inappropriateness of homogenous sphere Mie theory for this aeros ...
1 Discovery of Electron
... The electrons from the cathode are accelerated towards the anode and collide with gas atoms causing them to be ionised. The glowing gas near the cathode, the ‘negative glow’, is due to photons emitted when some of the positive ions and electrons produced by ionisation recombine. Some of the electron ...
... The electrons from the cathode are accelerated towards the anode and collide with gas atoms causing them to be ionised. The glowing gas near the cathode, the ‘negative glow’, is due to photons emitted when some of the positive ions and electrons produced by ionisation recombine. Some of the electron ...
Measurement of The Nonlinear Refractive Index by Z
... shown in figure 3 is measured. We have to change a position of the sample with respect to the focal plane of a field lens, which is set at position z = 0. ...
... shown in figure 3 is measured. We have to change a position of the sample with respect to the focal plane of a field lens, which is set at position z = 0. ...
Geometric Optics - IndiaStudyChannel.com
... IMAGE FORMATION: Image is said to the formed when two rays meet. The image can be real or virtual. Real Image: If the rays actually at a point then the image formed is regarded as real image. Virtual image: If the reflected or refracted rays do not actually meet out only appear to diverge from the p ...
... IMAGE FORMATION: Image is said to the formed when two rays meet. The image can be real or virtual. Real Image: If the rays actually at a point then the image formed is regarded as real image. Virtual image: If the reflected or refracted rays do not actually meet out only appear to diverge from the p ...
Chapter 2
... ¾ Wave theory can explain all phenomena involving transmission of light ¾ However, when dealing with the interaction of light and matter, such as, emission and absorption of light, neither wave theory and particle particle theory is not appropriate. ¾ Instead, we have to turn to Quantum Theory, Theo ...
... ¾ Wave theory can explain all phenomena involving transmission of light ¾ However, when dealing with the interaction of light and matter, such as, emission and absorption of light, neither wave theory and particle particle theory is not appropriate. ¾ Instead, we have to turn to Quantum Theory, Theo ...
Elimination of total internal reflection in GaInN light
... with no-TIR and to maximize light-extraction efficiency, sevFIG. 2. 共Color online兲 Calculated far-field emission intensities from LEDs eral geometric conditions need to be considered: 共i兲 the using ray-tracing simulation. thickness of each layer should have a minimum value to prevent a light ray fro ...
... with no-TIR and to maximize light-extraction efficiency, sevFIG. 2. 共Color online兲 Calculated far-field emission intensities from LEDs eral geometric conditions need to be considered: 共i兲 the using ray-tracing simulation. thickness of each layer should have a minimum value to prevent a light ray fro ...
ch24_lecture
... Thin Films, 1 Identify the thin film causing the interference The type of interference – constructive or destructive – that occurs is determined by the phase relationship between the upper and lower surfaces ...
... Thin Films, 1 Identify the thin film causing the interference The type of interference – constructive or destructive – that occurs is determined by the phase relationship between the upper and lower surfaces ...
Second-harmonic generation
... out and its intensity can be measured using a sensitive photodiode. Even if this inversion symmetry is broken, the resulting second-order non-linearity is extremely weak. As a rule of thumb the relative weight of the nonlinear terms is determined by the strength of the incident electro-magnetic fiel ...
... out and its intensity can be measured using a sensitive photodiode. Even if this inversion symmetry is broken, the resulting second-order non-linearity is extremely weak. As a rule of thumb the relative weight of the nonlinear terms is determined by the strength of the incident electro-magnetic fiel ...