New therapeutic alternatives to treat Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin
... fatal colitis caused by Clostridium difficile has been reported with both Dalbavancin and Oritavancin. Oritavancin has shown some additional drug-drug interactions, co-administration of intravenous unfractionated heparin sodium and warfarin with Oritavancin due to the increased risk of bleeding. In ...
... fatal colitis caused by Clostridium difficile has been reported with both Dalbavancin and Oritavancin. Oritavancin has shown some additional drug-drug interactions, co-administration of intravenous unfractionated heparin sodium and warfarin with Oritavancin due to the increased risk of bleeding. In ...
MGB-BP-3 - MGB Biopharma
... 1. www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/threat-report-2013 2 & 3. www.hps.scot.nhs.uk & www.gov.uk/government/organisations/public-health-england ...
... 1. www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/threat-report-2013 2 & 3. www.hps.scot.nhs.uk & www.gov.uk/government/organisations/public-health-england ...
for the lecture
... Roberts (1874): Penicillium did not become contaminated with bacteria Pasteur (1822-95) and Joubert (1834-1910): mould-contaminated cultures stopped the growth of the anthrax Lister (1871): urine contaminated with mould did not allow the growth of bacteria Duchesne (1897): substance that stopped bac ...
... Roberts (1874): Penicillium did not become contaminated with bacteria Pasteur (1822-95) and Joubert (1834-1910): mould-contaminated cultures stopped the growth of the anthrax Lister (1871): urine contaminated with mould did not allow the growth of bacteria Duchesne (1897): substance that stopped bac ...
Antibiotic use in critical care
... Piperacillin concentration, above therapeutic levels for most of the time interval in patients with sepsis Administration of piperacillin by continuous infusion, with a loading dose, achieved superior pharmacodynamic targets compared with conventional bolus dosing in septic patients Roberts JA, et a ...
... Piperacillin concentration, above therapeutic levels for most of the time interval in patients with sepsis Administration of piperacillin by continuous infusion, with a loading dose, achieved superior pharmacodynamic targets compared with conventional bolus dosing in septic patients Roberts JA, et a ...
Antibiotics
... presence of defined antibiotics • Provides guidance for ongoing therapy • Provides resistance rates for empiric therapy • Problems: not all results correspond with clinical success or failure ...
... presence of defined antibiotics • Provides guidance for ongoing therapy • Provides resistance rates for empiric therapy • Problems: not all results correspond with clinical success or failure ...
Penicillins Resistant to Staph Beta
... The antibiotic blocks peptidoglycan synthesis by inhibiting the transpeptidation step that cross-links adjacent peptidoglycan strands. The resulting peptidoglycan is mechanically weak and the cells osmotically lyse. Vancomycin’s peptide portion binds specifically to the D-alanine-D-alanine terminal ...
... The antibiotic blocks peptidoglycan synthesis by inhibiting the transpeptidation step that cross-links adjacent peptidoglycan strands. The resulting peptidoglycan is mechanically weak and the cells osmotically lyse. Vancomycin’s peptide portion binds specifically to the D-alanine-D-alanine terminal ...
Specific ADRs
... • Bactericidal for most gram-positive organisms, except against enterococci • Synergistic with gentamicin against most strains of S. aureus and enterococci • Therapeutic serum concentrations: – Peak 30-40 mg/L – Trough 5-15 mg/L ...
... • Bactericidal for most gram-positive organisms, except against enterococci • Synergistic with gentamicin against most strains of S. aureus and enterococci • Therapeutic serum concentrations: – Peak 30-40 mg/L – Trough 5-15 mg/L ...
Uses
... important alternative treatment of infections caused by streptococci in patients allergic to penicillin. – They are active against Legionella pneumophila and Campylobacter spp. strains. – They are also active against mycoplasmas, chlamydiae and rickettsiae and therefore can be considered as importan ...
... important alternative treatment of infections caused by streptococci in patients allergic to penicillin. – They are active against Legionella pneumophila and Campylobacter spp. strains. – They are also active against mycoplasmas, chlamydiae and rickettsiae and therefore can be considered as importan ...
11.02 Community Acquired Pneumonia
... ▪ Newer macrolides (clarithromycin, azithromycin) have a better coverage of H. influenzae. But there are wide spread resistance among the common Gram-positive bacteria including MSSA, Pneumococcus, Group A Streptococcus. ▪ not be used as single empirical treatment of CAP and soft tissue infections t ...
... ▪ Newer macrolides (clarithromycin, azithromycin) have a better coverage of H. influenzae. But there are wide spread resistance among the common Gram-positive bacteria including MSSA, Pneumococcus, Group A Streptococcus. ▪ not be used as single empirical treatment of CAP and soft tissue infections t ...
Gram positive cocci Family Micrococcaeceae
... The role of this mo as an etiologic agent of diseases has become increasingly evident. These mo is always isolated from the normal flora of skin. Infection is predominantly hospital acquired. Most common hospital acquired infection caused by S. epidermidis are UTIs, prosthetic valve endocarditis and ...
... The role of this mo as an etiologic agent of diseases has become increasingly evident. These mo is always isolated from the normal flora of skin. Infection is predominantly hospital acquired. Most common hospital acquired infection caused by S. epidermidis are UTIs, prosthetic valve endocarditis and ...
ANTIBIOTICS
... • Serious Allergy : to B-Lactam drugs in the form of immediate hypersensitivity reaction occurs in ~0.004-0.015% of treatment courses • Mild idiopathic reactions e.g. rash in up to 25% esp. with ampicillin • 10-20% of those allergic crossreact with cephalosporins • In renal impaired patients Benzylp ...
... • Serious Allergy : to B-Lactam drugs in the form of immediate hypersensitivity reaction occurs in ~0.004-0.015% of treatment courses • Mild idiopathic reactions e.g. rash in up to 25% esp. with ampicillin • 10-20% of those allergic crossreact with cephalosporins • In renal impaired patients Benzylp ...
this PDF file - Journal of Pharmaceutical Care
... rate (GFR) was calculated for all patients by the clinical pharmacist in initial dosing and 16 requests for checking vancomycin trough level by the clinical pharmacist of the ward resulted in changing the drug dose in 12 patients in this study. Another common intervention that was done by the clinic ...
... rate (GFR) was calculated for all patients by the clinical pharmacist in initial dosing and 16 requests for checking vancomycin trough level by the clinical pharmacist of the ward resulted in changing the drug dose in 12 patients in this study. Another common intervention that was done by the clinic ...
aminoglycosides
... • A semisynthetic derivative of kanamycin • Resembles in pharmacokinetics, dose and toxicity. • Outstanding feature is resistance to bacterial inactvating enzymes. • Thus widest spectrum of activity, including many organisms resistant to other aminoglycosides. • However, relatively higher doses are ...
... • A semisynthetic derivative of kanamycin • Resembles in pharmacokinetics, dose and toxicity. • Outstanding feature is resistance to bacterial inactvating enzymes. • Thus widest spectrum of activity, including many organisms resistant to other aminoglycosides. • However, relatively higher doses are ...
Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy
... – act only on a single or a limited group of microorganisms, e.g. isoniazid active only against mycobacteria. • Extended-spectrum antibiotics: – effective against gram + and significant number of gram - bacteria, e.g ampicillin. • Broad-spectrum antibiotics: – effective against wide variety of ...
... – act only on a single or a limited group of microorganisms, e.g. isoniazid active only against mycobacteria. • Extended-spectrum antibiotics: – effective against gram + and significant number of gram - bacteria, e.g ampicillin. • Broad-spectrum antibiotics: – effective against wide variety of ...
Remove catheter - ANNA Jersey North Chapter 126
... adjunctive antibiotic lock therapy for 3 weeks AND/OR ...
... adjunctive antibiotic lock therapy for 3 weeks AND/OR ...
PDF
... isfactory drug levels. The most important pharmacokinetic parameter is the 24-hour area under the serum concentration time concentration curve (24 h AUC) in relation to minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). Continuous infusion (CI) of Vancomycin would therefore be more appropriate in improving se ...
... isfactory drug levels. The most important pharmacokinetic parameter is the 24-hour area under the serum concentration time concentration curve (24 h AUC) in relation to minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). Continuous infusion (CI) of Vancomycin would therefore be more appropriate in improving se ...
Bez nadpisu - Dr.Fatimah Al.Shehri
... • Inactive against organisms devoid peptidoglycan structure of ...
... • Inactive against organisms devoid peptidoglycan structure of ...
Lecture 8
... 2. With a syringe a aseptically remove 4.6 ml from a 15 ml ophthalmic dropper bottle of artificial tears 3. Withdraw 4-6 ml from the vancomycin vial and add them to the artificial tears dropper, shake well to ensure mixing ...
... 2. With a syringe a aseptically remove 4.6 ml from a 15 ml ophthalmic dropper bottle of artificial tears 3. Withdraw 4-6 ml from the vancomycin vial and add them to the artificial tears dropper, shake well to ensure mixing ...
Clostridium difficile-Associated Diarrhea
... Clostridium perfringens, Salmonella, E. coli and possibly Candida albicans have all been found to overgrow when the normal flora has been disturbed.2 C. difficile is the most common pathogenic organism accounting for 20% of cases of AAD.2 C. difficile is also the most serious cause, as it is respons ...
... Clostridium perfringens, Salmonella, E. coli and possibly Candida albicans have all been found to overgrow when the normal flora has been disturbed.2 C. difficile is the most common pathogenic organism accounting for 20% of cases of AAD.2 C. difficile is also the most serious cause, as it is respons ...
Use of antibacterial agents in renal failure
... Dosing of antibacterial agents in renal failure - Once daily aminoglycoside therapy : PID, gram-negative bacteremia, UTI, febrile neutropenia, gynecologic infections, respiratory infections (effective) : pregnancy, Clcr < 20mL/min, bone and joint infections, central nervous system infections, infec ...
... Dosing of antibacterial agents in renal failure - Once daily aminoglycoside therapy : PID, gram-negative bacteremia, UTI, febrile neutropenia, gynecologic infections, respiratory infections (effective) : pregnancy, Clcr < 20mL/min, bone and joint infections, central nervous system infections, infec ...
ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS
... To treat antibiotic- related pseudomembranous enterocolitis and diarrhoea Specific adverse reactions: nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, Red man syndrome (red neck syndrome)- Rapid i.v. injection has caused chills, fever, urticaria and intense flushing. ...
... To treat antibiotic- related pseudomembranous enterocolitis and diarrhoea Specific adverse reactions: nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, Red man syndrome (red neck syndrome)- Rapid i.v. injection has caused chills, fever, urticaria and intense flushing. ...
Overview of Antimicrobial Agents
... Sometimes given with penicillins to counteract bacterial resistance Inhibit the bacterial enzyme betalatamase, which breaks open the betalactam ring—thus rendering the antibiotic ineffective ...
... Sometimes given with penicillins to counteract bacterial resistance Inhibit the bacterial enzyme betalatamase, which breaks open the betalactam ring—thus rendering the antibiotic ineffective ...
Lec. 5 - Overview of.. - College of Pharmacy at Howard University
... Sometimes given with penicillins to counteract bacterial resistance Inhibit the bacterial enzyme betalatamase, which breaks open the betalactam ring—thus rendering the antibiotic ineffective ...
... Sometimes given with penicillins to counteract bacterial resistance Inhibit the bacterial enzyme betalatamase, which breaks open the betalactam ring—thus rendering the antibiotic ineffective ...
Vancomycin
Vancomycin is an antibiotic used to treat a number of bacterial infections. It is recommended intravenously as a first-line treatment for complicated skin infections, bloodstream infections, endocarditis, bone and joint infections, and meningitis caused by methicillin-resistant S. aureus. Blood levels may be measured to determine the correct dose. Vancomycin is also recommended by mouth as a treatment for severe Clostridium difficile colitis. When taken by mouth it is very poorly absorbed.Common side effects include pain in the area of injection and allergic reactions. Occasionally problems with hearing, low blood pressure, or bone marrow suppression occur. Safety in pregnancy is not clear but there is no evidence of harm, and it is likely safe for use when breastfeeding. It is a type of the glycopeptide antibiotic and works by blocking the making of a cell wall.Vancomycin was first sold in 1954. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most important medications needed in a basic health system. It is available as a generic medication. The wholesale cost of an intravenous dose is about 1.70 to 6.00 USD. In the United States the pills are very expensive. The intravenous solution may be taken by mouth for C. dif to reduce costs. Vancomycin is made by the soil bacterium Amycolatopsis orientalis.
