F
... or those scholars who have examined the impact of macroeconomic conditions on political support for the President, the 1992 election results were somewhat surprising. Inflation at the time of the election was at its lowest level in 20 years. The vast bulk of previous research regarding voters’ econo ...
... or those scholars who have examined the impact of macroeconomic conditions on political support for the President, the 1992 election results were somewhat surprising. Inflation at the time of the election was at its lowest level in 20 years. The vast bulk of previous research regarding voters’ econo ...
Alert Mechanism Report 2016
... As compared with previous issues of the Alert Mechanism Report, a greater emphasis is put on euro-area considerations. In line with the 21 October Commission Communication "On steps towards Completing Economic and Monetary Union", the Alert Mechanism Report aims at a more systematic analysis of the ...
... As compared with previous issues of the Alert Mechanism Report, a greater emphasis is put on euro-area considerations. In line with the 21 October Commission Communication "On steps towards Completing Economic and Monetary Union", the Alert Mechanism Report aims at a more systematic analysis of the ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES MULTILATERAL ECONOMIC COOPERATION AND THE INTERNATIONAL
... (EA) and the UK as trading partners, our estimates suggest that an increase in US government spending by one percent of US GDP raises output by about 0.5 percent in the EA and 1 percent in the UK. These peak effects occur after about 2 years. In addition, we find that the dollar depreciates strongl ...
... (EA) and the UK as trading partners, our estimates suggest that an increase in US government spending by one percent of US GDP raises output by about 0.5 percent in the EA and 1 percent in the UK. These peak effects occur after about 2 years. In addition, we find that the dollar depreciates strongl ...
BB111_fme_lnt_008_Ma..
... • Some moving voluntarily from one job to another, others will be fired & will be seeking employment. In addition, many young workers will be searching for their 1st jobs • Consist of ‘search unemployment’ & ‘wait unemployment’ • Is inevitable & sometimes desirable (for workers who are moving from l ...
... • Some moving voluntarily from one job to another, others will be fired & will be seeking employment. In addition, many young workers will be searching for their 1st jobs • Consist of ‘search unemployment’ & ‘wait unemployment’ • Is inevitable & sometimes desirable (for workers who are moving from l ...
MoF 2016 Budget assumptions facing persistently low oil
... macroeconomic reality in Mexico, particularly after the sharp fall in oil prices and their likely persistence at low levels, as well as the high probability of volatility that could experience the international financial markets. A lower price and production of oil with lower growth and spending cut ...
... macroeconomic reality in Mexico, particularly after the sharp fall in oil prices and their likely persistence at low levels, as well as the high probability of volatility that could experience the international financial markets. A lower price and production of oil with lower growth and spending cut ...
evaluating qualitative forecasts: the fomc minutes, 2006-2010
... recession, they did not predict it in advance and only recognized it as it was happening. They did predict the upswing in the economy at the recession’s end. This paper is divided into four sections. First we introduce the minutes and review the other Federal Reserve forecasts and reports. The metho ...
... recession, they did not predict it in advance and only recognized it as it was happening. They did predict the upswing in the economy at the recession’s end. This paper is divided into four sections. First we introduce the minutes and review the other Federal Reserve forecasts and reports. The metho ...
14 - Weber State University
... very sensitive to changes in the interest rate. B) the time required for flexible prices to return the economy to the natural level of real GDP is intolerably long. C) the severity of the Great Depression was primarily related to the large decline in the supply of money. 23) Which of the following i ...
... very sensitive to changes in the interest rate. B) the time required for flexible prices to return the economy to the natural level of real GDP is intolerably long. C) the severity of the Great Depression was primarily related to the large decline in the supply of money. 23) Which of the following i ...
Macroeconomic Measurement 1: Values and Prices
... reasons. The size of the underground economy is difficult to measure but there have been attempts, mostly based on the use of cash or the use of electricity. Estimates of the size of the shadow economy range from 10% for US or Switzerland, 20% for Italy, 30% for Brazil to over 70% for Nigeria. This ...
... reasons. The size of the underground economy is difficult to measure but there have been attempts, mostly based on the use of cash or the use of electricity. Estimates of the size of the shadow economy range from 10% for US or Switzerland, 20% for Italy, 30% for Brazil to over 70% for Nigeria. This ...
Liquidity Traps and Monetary Policy: Managing a Credit Crunch
... evolution of output critically depends on this too. As we mentioned above, the interaction between the inflation target and the zero bound on nominal interest rates is the key to understanding the mechanism. Imagine, as before, that the target for inflation is zero. Thus, the Fisher equation plus th ...
... evolution of output critically depends on this too. As we mentioned above, the interaction between the inflation target and the zero bound on nominal interest rates is the key to understanding the mechanism. Imagine, as before, that the target for inflation is zero. Thus, the Fisher equation plus th ...
THE DOWNSIDE OF DEBT REDUCTION
... government external debt and the central bank’s net external liabilities. It is then possible to calculate both the net increase in non-government net external liabilities, U’, that would be required to complete the financing of the external accounts, and the net increase in the government’s net int ...
... government external debt and the central bank’s net external liabilities. It is then possible to calculate both the net increase in non-government net external liabilities, U’, that would be required to complete the financing of the external accounts, and the net increase in the government’s net int ...
Mankiw 6e PowerPoints
... Real GDP controls for inflation Changes in nominal GDP can be due to: changes in prices changes in quantities of output produced Changes in real GDP can only be due to changes in quantities, because real GDP is constructed using constant base-year prices. ...
... Real GDP controls for inflation Changes in nominal GDP can be due to: changes in prices changes in quantities of output produced Changes in real GDP can only be due to changes in quantities, because real GDP is constructed using constant base-year prices. ...
The National Debt focus of the chapter
... ultimate rule-maker, it can decide to just not pay off its debts. In principle, there is nothing other countries can do to stop a sovereign default. However, once a country defaults on its debt, other countries will be unwilling to lend money in the future and the prospect of being shut out of inter ...
... ultimate rule-maker, it can decide to just not pay off its debts. In principle, there is nothing other countries can do to stop a sovereign default. However, once a country defaults on its debt, other countries will be unwilling to lend money in the future and the prospect of being shut out of inter ...
The Circular-Flow Diagram
... Jane spends $1200 on a computer to use in her editing spends $1200 on a computer to use in her editing business. She got last year’s model on sale for a great price from a local manufacturer. price from a local manufacturer. D. General Motors builds $500 million worth of cars, but consumers on ...
... Jane spends $1200 on a computer to use in her editing spends $1200 on a computer to use in her editing business. She got last year’s model on sale for a great price from a local manufacturer. price from a local manufacturer. D. General Motors builds $500 million worth of cars, but consumers on ...
Mankiw 6e PowerPoints
... The Fed knows better than to let M fall so much, especially during a contraction. Fiscal policymakers know better than to raise taxes or cut spending during a contraction. ...
... The Fed knows better than to let M fall so much, especially during a contraction. Fiscal policymakers know better than to raise taxes or cut spending during a contraction. ...
T 2 A Tour of the Book
... This definition gives us a second way of thinking about GDP. Put together, the two definitions imply that the value of final goods and services—the first definition of GDP—can also be thought of as the sum of the value added by all the firms in the economy—the second definition of GDP. The labour sh ...
... This definition gives us a second way of thinking about GDP. Put together, the two definitions imply that the value of final goods and services—the first definition of GDP—can also be thought of as the sum of the value added by all the firms in the economy—the second definition of GDP. The labour sh ...
will there be deflation and current account surpluses?
... linear relation between the percentage changes in real GDP and absolute unemployment (Okun’s law); (v) there is no long-rung trade-off between inflation and unemployment, meaning that any attempt to raise employment by resorting to monetary policy will eventually end in inflation; (vi) contrariwise, ...
... linear relation between the percentage changes in real GDP and absolute unemployment (Okun’s law); (v) there is no long-rung trade-off between inflation and unemployment, meaning that any attempt to raise employment by resorting to monetary policy will eventually end in inflation; (vi) contrariwise, ...
Chapter 20
... of particular products in one country may be much less or much more than in the other country. ...
... of particular products in one country may be much less or much more than in the other country. ...
Lecture 28
... THREE HUNDRED -- AND I'LL JUST KIND OF DRAW THIS HERE, AS. WE DON'T ACTUALLY MOVE WITH THIS GIVEN -- WITH THE INCREASE IN INVESTMENT SPENDING THAT WE HAD HERE, WE DON'T ACTUALLY MOVE ALL THE WAY OUT FROM TWO HUNDRED AND THIRTY TO THREE HUNDRED AND TEN DOLLARS LEVEL -- THREE HUNDRED AND TEN DOLLARS W ...
... THREE HUNDRED -- AND I'LL JUST KIND OF DRAW THIS HERE, AS. WE DON'T ACTUALLY MOVE WITH THIS GIVEN -- WITH THE INCREASE IN INVESTMENT SPENDING THAT WE HAD HERE, WE DON'T ACTUALLY MOVE ALL THE WAY OUT FROM TWO HUNDRED AND THIRTY TO THREE HUNDRED AND TEN DOLLARS LEVEL -- THREE HUNDRED AND TEN DOLLARS W ...
Aggregate Supply, Aggregate Demand, and Inflation: Putting It All
... resources produces no pressure for inflation to rise, and the stickiness of wages and prices (their tendency to be slow in adjusting downwards) produces little pressure for inflation to fall. 26. There is no immediate response to inflation in the short run, because it takes time for people to notice ...
... resources produces no pressure for inflation to rise, and the stickiness of wages and prices (their tendency to be slow in adjusting downwards) produces little pressure for inflation to fall. 26. There is no immediate response to inflation in the short run, because it takes time for people to notice ...
Learning Module Design Tool - WVU College of Business and
... Put your introductory or overview paragraph for the module in this box(No more than half a page). Macroeconomics concerns the performance of the economy as a whole. The key statistics that tell us about the economy’s performance include Gross Domestic Product (GDP), the Consumer Price Index (CPI), a ...
... Put your introductory or overview paragraph for the module in this box(No more than half a page). Macroeconomics concerns the performance of the economy as a whole. The key statistics that tell us about the economy’s performance include Gross Domestic Product (GDP), the Consumer Price Index (CPI), a ...
Private Debt Overhang and the Government Spending Multiplier
... of two very different types of government spending shocks that have been proposed in the literature. In particular, we consider Ramey’s (2011a) narrative defense news shocks, and unanticipated changes in government purchases obtained from a VAR model with time-varying parameters in the spirit of Bla ...
... of two very different types of government spending shocks that have been proposed in the literature. In particular, we consider Ramey’s (2011a) narrative defense news shocks, and unanticipated changes in government purchases obtained from a VAR model with time-varying parameters in the spirit of Bla ...
Booms and Banking Crises
... all, the likelihood of a crisis depends on the built–up of financial imbalances (e.g. a saving glut, a credit boom, ballooning bank balance sheets). In fact, it is even possible that crises break out endogenously, in the absence of shocks. Another noticeable feature of our model is that financial sh ...
... all, the likelihood of a crisis depends on the built–up of financial imbalances (e.g. a saving glut, a credit boom, ballooning bank balance sheets). In fact, it is even possible that crises break out endogenously, in the absence of shocks. Another noticeable feature of our model is that financial sh ...
Marco Cangiano , E. Baldacci , S. Mahfouz , andAxel Schimmelpfenning The Effectiveness of Fiscal Policy in Stimulating Economic Activity: An Empirical Investigation (Second IMF Research Conference)..
... economic activity, particularly given the recessions in Asian crisis countries, the prolonged slump in Japan and, more recently, the slowdown in the United States. Lane and others (1999), while noting fiscal policy in the Asian crisis countries became increasingly oriented toward supporting economic ...
... economic activity, particularly given the recessions in Asian crisis countries, the prolonged slump in Japan and, more recently, the slowdown in the United States. Lane and others (1999), while noting fiscal policy in the Asian crisis countries became increasingly oriented toward supporting economic ...
Medium Term Budget Policy Statement
... friendship and respect for human dignity”. His vision finds expression in our Constitution, which enjoins us to “improve the quality of life of all citizens and free the potential of each person” as we build a nation based on democratic values, social justice and human rights. The values of our Cons ...
... friendship and respect for human dignity”. His vision finds expression in our Constitution, which enjoins us to “improve the quality of life of all citizens and free the potential of each person” as we build a nation based on democratic values, social justice and human rights. The values of our Cons ...