monetary policy
... Classroom discussion often encourages students to debate one another. Although lively, such discussion usually involves no more than a minority of students. The cooperative controversy ensures that every student is involved in the debate while using a relatively short period of class time. Moreover, ...
... Classroom discussion often encourages students to debate one another. Although lively, such discussion usually involves no more than a minority of students. The cooperative controversy ensures that every student is involved in the debate while using a relatively short period of class time. Moreover, ...
Chapter 1
... 3. The real interest rate is determined by the supply of and demand for loanable funds. The real interest rate will remain constant when saving and investment (plus any budget deficit/surplus) do not change. The nominal interest rate would fall as a result of any event that causes in this model a r ...
... 3. The real interest rate is determined by the supply of and demand for loanable funds. The real interest rate will remain constant when saving and investment (plus any budget deficit/surplus) do not change. The nominal interest rate would fall as a result of any event that causes in this model a r ...
11.2 Limitations of GDP Estimation
... What GDP Misses Household production Underground economy Leisure, quality, and variety Depreciation GDP does not reflect all costs ...
... What GDP Misses Household production Underground economy Leisure, quality, and variety Depreciation GDP does not reflect all costs ...
Title sentence - MADE – Ghana-Made
... Favourable macroeconomic conditions and the highest Ease of Doing Business ranking amongst its peers in the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) positions Ghana well as an ideal investment destination in the region Where investors are able to overcome infrastructural and interest rate ...
... Favourable macroeconomic conditions and the highest Ease of Doing Business ranking amongst its peers in the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) positions Ghana well as an ideal investment destination in the region Where investors are able to overcome infrastructural and interest rate ...
The Global Competitiveness Index 2013–2014: Country Profile
... score almost unchanged since last year. The country continues to enjoy a major competitive edge in business sophistication (1st for the fifth consecutive year) and in innovation (5th). High R&D spending (2nd), availability of talent (4th), world-class research institutions (9th), and capacity to inn ...
... score almost unchanged since last year. The country continues to enjoy a major competitive edge in business sophistication (1st for the fifth consecutive year) and in innovation (5th). High R&D spending (2nd), availability of talent (4th), world-class research institutions (9th), and capacity to inn ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES FISCAL LIMITS IN ADVANCED ECONOMIES Eric M. Leeper
... where z ∗ is steady-state transfers and εt is a serially uncorrelated shock with Et εt+1 = 0. Most macroeconomic models contain no uncertainty about future policy regimes, making the implausible assumption that agents know exactly what monetary and fiscal policies will be in effect at every date in th ...
... where z ∗ is steady-state transfers and εt is a serially uncorrelated shock with Et εt+1 = 0. Most macroeconomic models contain no uncertainty about future policy regimes, making the implausible assumption that agents know exactly what monetary and fiscal policies will be in effect at every date in th ...
Behavioral Growth Theory: A Neoclassical Approach Munik K Shrestha April 30, 2009
... Abstract How do material norms and aspirations on which individual judgments of well-being are based affect the growth dynamics of an economy? Do economies that weigh very highly of these norms grow differently from those economies that values these norms differently? This paper attempts to answer t ...
... Abstract How do material norms and aspirations on which individual judgments of well-being are based affect the growth dynamics of an economy? Do economies that weigh very highly of these norms grow differently from those economies that values these norms differently? This paper attempts to answer t ...
Post-Soviet Georgia : it`s a long, long way to "Modern
... conditions have dramatically worsened since independence, which may give way to nostalgia for Soviet times. In 2011, the country's human development index was still much lower than twenty years earlier, 0.733 against 0.829. There is no consensus on the level of poverty in Georgia - which is, among o ...
... conditions have dramatically worsened since independence, which may give way to nostalgia for Soviet times. In 2011, the country's human development index was still much lower than twenty years earlier, 0.733 against 0.829. There is no consensus on the level of poverty in Georgia - which is, among o ...
Principles of Economics, Case and Fair,9e
... The Economy’s Influence on the Government Budget Full-Employment Budget full-employment budget What the federal budget would be if the economy were producing at the full-employment level of output. structural deficit The deficit that remains at full employment. cyclical deficit The deficit that occ ...
... The Economy’s Influence on the Government Budget Full-Employment Budget full-employment budget What the federal budget would be if the economy were producing at the full-employment level of output. structural deficit The deficit that remains at full employment. cyclical deficit The deficit that occ ...
democracy or economic liberty: which matters more for iraq
... upon the level of economic development. Lipset concludes that industrialization leads to urbanization, which in turn increases individual wealth and the education level of subsequent generations. The size of the "moderate-middle class" increases and improves the chances for sustainable democracy. La ...
... upon the level of economic development. Lipset concludes that industrialization leads to urbanization, which in turn increases individual wealth and the education level of subsequent generations. The size of the "moderate-middle class" increases and improves the chances for sustainable democracy. La ...
Chapter 20: LR and SR Concerns
... – Giant Eagle lays off 3 workers b/c of 3 new selfcheckout lanes. – Mrs. Eskra decides to change her career from teacher to Economist and it’s taking a little while for her to find a new job in that field. – A friend gets laid off from her job at the mall. The company says that they are just not mak ...
... – Giant Eagle lays off 3 workers b/c of 3 new selfcheckout lanes. – Mrs. Eskra decides to change her career from teacher to Economist and it’s taking a little while for her to find a new job in that field. – A friend gets laid off from her job at the mall. The company says that they are just not mak ...
UK ECONOMIC FORECAST Q4 2013 BUSINESS WITH coNfIdENcE icaew.com/ukeconomicforecast
... deep government spending cuts continue to loom further down the road – fears have abated somewhat. The latest BCM shows businesses more willing to invest over the coming year, and expected export growth has also picked up. Taken together, this will enable growth to be less heavily driven by consumer ...
... deep government spending cuts continue to loom further down the road – fears have abated somewhat. The latest BCM shows businesses more willing to invest over the coming year, and expected export growth has also picked up. Taken together, this will enable growth to be less heavily driven by consumer ...
April 2003 - Questions
... (E) r to increase, but we don’t know which way Y will move. (F) r to decrease, but we don’t know which way Y will move. (G) Y to increase, but we don’t know which way r will move. (H) Y to decrease, but we don’t know which way r will move. (I) not necessarily any of the above. ...
... (E) r to increase, but we don’t know which way Y will move. (F) r to decrease, but we don’t know which way Y will move. (G) Y to increase, but we don’t know which way r will move. (H) Y to decrease, but we don’t know which way r will move. (I) not necessarily any of the above. ...
chapter summary
... This question highlights some of the problems that accompany the indiscriminate use of GDP comparisons across countries or over long periods to compare welfare levels. a. GDP per capita is better for measuring well-being than the level of GDP is, and therefore GDP comparisons must be adjusted for po ...
... This question highlights some of the problems that accompany the indiscriminate use of GDP comparisons across countries or over long periods to compare welfare levels. a. GDP per capita is better for measuring well-being than the level of GDP is, and therefore GDP comparisons must be adjusted for po ...
Fiscal IQ Quiz - Deficit Ranger
... premiums over their lifetime than they end up receiving in Social Security and Medicare benefits. ANSWER: False- According to the Urban Institute, most people over their lifetime pay less in total payroll taxes and Medicare premiums compared to the amount of benefits they receive from Social Securit ...
... premiums over their lifetime than they end up receiving in Social Security and Medicare benefits. ANSWER: False- According to the Urban Institute, most people over their lifetime pay less in total payroll taxes and Medicare premiums compared to the amount of benefits they receive from Social Securit ...
Building Better Global Economic BRICs
... interesting in this regard, with China now the fourth largest individual weighted country ahead of Germany (see table 3 on the previous page). Not only does this mean that competitive issues involving the CNY are more important than the (disappearing) Deutschemark, but arguably Chinese fiscal or mon ...
... interesting in this regard, with China now the fourth largest individual weighted country ahead of Germany (see table 3 on the previous page). Not only does this mean that competitive issues involving the CNY are more important than the (disappearing) Deutschemark, but arguably Chinese fiscal or mon ...
Spending Disadvantage
... This file makes the argument that the affirmative plan is too expensive (spends too much money). The argument is that, if something costs too much, the government will not be responsible with money and this irresponsibility will damage the economy. For example, most government spending goes through ...
... This file makes the argument that the affirmative plan is too expensive (spends too much money). The argument is that, if something costs too much, the government will not be responsible with money and this irresponsibility will damage the economy. For example, most government spending goes through ...
Foundations of Macroeconomics
... GDP measures production that is traded in markets. GDP does not include household production, leisure time, health and life expectancy, political freedom, and social justice. These items are probably the ones that Kennedy believed were missing from GDP as a measure of the quality of life. ...
... GDP measures production that is traded in markets. GDP does not include household production, leisure time, health and life expectancy, political freedom, and social justice. These items are probably the ones that Kennedy believed were missing from GDP as a measure of the quality of life. ...
Notes on Classical Economics
... Keynesian). The traditional thought is that increases in the money supply lower real rates and thus stimulate C, I, and NX., and thus, Y rises. This process takes time which explains why money is a leading variable. Reverse causation suggests that changes in output (Y) is causing changes in money. N ...
... Keynesian). The traditional thought is that increases in the money supply lower real rates and thus stimulate C, I, and NX., and thus, Y rises. This process takes time which explains why money is a leading variable. Reverse causation suggests that changes in output (Y) is causing changes in money. N ...
The Costs of Fiscal Inflexibility
... very helpful discussions in the process of drafting this paper. All errors remain our own. We are also grateful to the ESRC, Grant No.RES-156-25-003, for financial assistance. Address for correspondence: Campbell Leith, Department of Economics, University of Glasgow, Adam Smith Building, Glasgow G12 ...
... very helpful discussions in the process of drafting this paper. All errors remain our own. We are also grateful to the ESRC, Grant No.RES-156-25-003, for financial assistance. Address for correspondence: Campbell Leith, Department of Economics, University of Glasgow, Adam Smith Building, Glasgow G12 ...