NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES Marvin Goodfriend Working Paper 13580
... With the collapse of Bretton Woods, for the first time in modern history, all the world’s major currencies were de-linked from gold or any other commodity. The lack of any formal constraint on money creation contributed to the nervousness about inflation. In the United States, an attempt to provide ...
... With the collapse of Bretton Woods, for the first time in modern history, all the world’s major currencies were de-linked from gold or any other commodity. The lack of any formal constraint on money creation contributed to the nervousness about inflation. In the United States, an attempt to provide ...
Investments: An Introduction Sixth Edition
... • In many cases there is a strong relationship between stock prices and the aggregate economy. • The dramatic increase in the price of oil, the collapse of segments of the banking and financial system, and the severe decline in stock prices did inflict losses on investors during 2007 through 2009. ...
... • In many cases there is a strong relationship between stock prices and the aggregate economy. • The dramatic increase in the price of oil, the collapse of segments of the banking and financial system, and the severe decline in stock prices did inflict losses on investors during 2007 through 2009. ...
1 - Whitman People
... Explain with the use of Milton Friedman’s “fool in the shower” analogy why policy makers efforts to combat recession often do not work. The problem is that policy makers often do not recognize that the economy is in recession until it has already bottomed out. When the policy finally begins to have ...
... Explain with the use of Milton Friedman’s “fool in the shower” analogy why policy makers efforts to combat recession often do not work. The problem is that policy makers often do not recognize that the economy is in recession until it has already bottomed out. When the policy finally begins to have ...
chapter 17
... easily tempted to implement policies that address short-run concerns even though these actions may threaten a desired long-term goal. This is known as dynamic inconsistency. The following example may highlight this concept vividly in students' minds. Assume you are the leader of your country and you ...
... easily tempted to implement policies that address short-run concerns even though these actions may threaten a desired long-term goal. This is known as dynamic inconsistency. The following example may highlight this concept vividly in students' minds. Assume you are the leader of your country and you ...
Economic Values and Resource Use - Bortom BNP
... that the total mass of material extraction grew by a factor of about eight during the 20th century while the GDP rose 23-fold. Annual extraction of construction materials grew by a factor of 34 [9]. None of these studies suggests absolute decoupling of growth from resource use. Bithas and Kalimeris ...
... that the total mass of material extraction grew by a factor of about eight during the 20th century while the GDP rose 23-fold. Annual extraction of construction materials grew by a factor of 34 [9]. None of these studies suggests absolute decoupling of growth from resource use. Bithas and Kalimeris ...
Institutionalism and the `Common Man` through the Lens of Philip
... the natural rate of unemployment and rational expectations made important, timely points and stand out as the most enduring portions of those works. Klein’s primary discussion of the natural rate of unemployment appeared in “What’s Natural About Unemployment?” an essay prepared for a volume celebrat ...
... the natural rate of unemployment and rational expectations made important, timely points and stand out as the most enduring portions of those works. Klein’s primary discussion of the natural rate of unemployment appeared in “What’s Natural About Unemployment?” an essay prepared for a volume celebrat ...
The Liquidity Trap: Evidence from Japan
... the possibility that monetary policy had been largely ineffective because the Japanese economy entered a Keynesian “liquidity trap.” According to Keynes, the monetary authority would be unable to reduce interest rates below a non-zero positive interest rate floor if market participants believed that ...
... the possibility that monetary policy had been largely ineffective because the Japanese economy entered a Keynesian “liquidity trap.” According to Keynes, the monetary authority would be unable to reduce interest rates below a non-zero positive interest rate floor if market participants believed that ...
PDF
... chip, cassava flour, cassava liquor etc are in high demand. Having gained international recognition some factors need be examined to ascertain the limiting response of this economic crop some exogenous factors. The specific objectives of interest were to ascertain the response of cassava output expa ...
... chip, cassava flour, cassava liquor etc are in high demand. Having gained international recognition some factors need be examined to ascertain the limiting response of this economic crop some exogenous factors. The specific objectives of interest were to ascertain the response of cassava output expa ...
MARXIAN CRISIS THEORY AND THE POSTWAR U. S. ECONOMY
... produced by workers and the wages they are paid). This conclusion follows from the labor theory of value, which is usually misinterpreted by mainstream economists as a theory of individual prices, like mainstream microeconomics. But this is a misunderstanding. The Marxian labor theory of value is ma ...
... produced by workers and the wages they are paid). This conclusion follows from the labor theory of value, which is usually misinterpreted by mainstream economists as a theory of individual prices, like mainstream microeconomics. But this is a misunderstanding. The Marxian labor theory of value is ma ...
Chapter 16 Output and the Exchange Rate in the Short Run
... a downward shift in the AA curve which is greater than that caused by an equal but transitory increase ...
... a downward shift in the AA curve which is greater than that caused by an equal but transitory increase ...
Endogenous Government Spending and Fiscal Stimulus
... large size of fiscal expansion under deep recession and small size of fiscal expansion under moderate recession, since the aggressive fiscal expansion is usually given under the exceptional circumstances, but not for more normal fluctuations. Therefore, both the timing and size of the fiscal expansi ...
... large size of fiscal expansion under deep recession and small size of fiscal expansion under moderate recession, since the aggressive fiscal expansion is usually given under the exceptional circumstances, but not for more normal fluctuations. Therefore, both the timing and size of the fiscal expansi ...
Page 277
... unemployment and inflation. When the inflation rate is falling, the unemployment rate is rising. And when the unemployment rate is falling, the inflation rate is rising. Policies that improve one of the issues will worsen the other issue. What Phillips also discovered was that this trade-off had bee ...
... unemployment and inflation. When the inflation rate is falling, the unemployment rate is rising. And when the unemployment rate is falling, the inflation rate is rising. Policies that improve one of the issues will worsen the other issue. What Phillips also discovered was that this trade-off had bee ...
The mysrery of real wage
... has long puzzled the economists passingly. This paper shows that increasing the share of salary in GDP can expand the aggregate demand, and also shows that the labor has a nature similar to the Giffen goods,--raising salary can promote employment. This paper has differs from previous studies as blow ...
... has long puzzled the economists passingly. This paper shows that increasing the share of salary in GDP can expand the aggregate demand, and also shows that the labor has a nature similar to the Giffen goods,--raising salary can promote employment. This paper has differs from previous studies as blow ...
The Case Against the Case Against Discretionary Fiscal Policy by
... behind several of the models that the Congressional Budget Office (2003) recently used for the “dynamic scoring” of tax cuts. Thus, in several of those models, the estimated long-run effect of the 2003 Bush tax cut was to reduce real GDP, not to raise it. Furthermore, in most of what follows, I will ...
... behind several of the models that the Congressional Budget Office (2003) recently used for the “dynamic scoring” of tax cuts. Thus, in several of those models, the estimated long-run effect of the 2003 Bush tax cut was to reduce real GDP, not to raise it. Furthermore, in most of what follows, I will ...
If the GDP is Up, Why is America Down? October 1995
... nation's well being? By the end of the nineteenth century England's economic center of gravity had shifted significantly from manufacturing to trade and finance. In this new economy Smith's views on national wealth began to pinch. Alfred Marshall, who articulated what is now called neoclassical econ ...
... nation's well being? By the end of the nineteenth century England's economic center of gravity had shifted significantly from manufacturing to trade and finance. In this new economy Smith's views on national wealth began to pinch. Alfred Marshall, who articulated what is now called neoclassical econ ...
July Massachusetts
... is widely recognized, real interest rates in the early 1980s were at peaks not witnessed since the late 1920s. Less well perceived is the sharp decline in real interest rates since 1984. By 1986—88, real interest rates were back at their average levels of the previous quarter century. This paper see ...
... is widely recognized, real interest rates in the early 1980s were at peaks not witnessed since the late 1920s. Less well perceived is the sharp decline in real interest rates since 1984. By 1986—88, real interest rates were back at their average levels of the previous quarter century. This paper see ...