Hadronization of Quark Theories
... At present it appears that a Lagrangian field theory of the Yang-Mills type is the correct fundamental theory of elementary particles. The gluon fields form flux tubes between quarks and antiquarks which have a fixed diameter of the order of the Compton wavelength of the pion. Since the field energy ...
... At present it appears that a Lagrangian field theory of the Yang-Mills type is the correct fundamental theory of elementary particles. The gluon fields form flux tubes between quarks and antiquarks which have a fixed diameter of the order of the Compton wavelength of the pion. Since the field energy ...
Applied Gauge/Gravity Duality from Supergravity to Superconductivity Francesco Aprile
... field theory living on the world-volume of the D-branes is described in terms of classical gravity in a the d + 1 dimensional AdS space [1]. The change in the dimensionality of the target space time makes the AdS/CFT correspondence a special kind of duality and gives a concrete realization of the id ...
... field theory living on the world-volume of the D-branes is described in terms of classical gravity in a the d + 1 dimensional AdS space [1]. The change in the dimensionality of the target space time makes the AdS/CFT correspondence a special kind of duality and gives a concrete realization of the id ...
BUSSTEPP Lectures on String Theory
... strings are accurately described by quantum field theory. For many of the subsequent years superstring theory began showing great promise as a unified quantum theory of all the fundamental forces including gravity. Some of the general features which were discovered are: • General relativity gets mod ...
... strings are accurately described by quantum field theory. For many of the subsequent years superstring theory began showing great promise as a unified quantum theory of all the fundamental forces including gravity. Some of the general features which were discovered are: • General relativity gets mod ...
String Theory
... real world. At low-energies it naturally gives rise to general relativity, gauge theories, scalar fields and chiral fermions. In other words, it contains all the ingredients that make up our universe. It also gives the only presently credible explanation for the value of the cosmological constant al ...
... real world. At low-energies it naturally gives rise to general relativity, gauge theories, scalar fields and chiral fermions. In other words, it contains all the ingredients that make up our universe. It also gives the only presently credible explanation for the value of the cosmological constant al ...
9 Quantum Phases and Phase Transitions of Mott
... the simple limiting case in which the spins form local spin singlets within each unit cell. A simple approach that can be used for a theoretical description of such insulators is the method of bond operators [14, 15]. This method has been widely applied, and in some cases provides an accurate quanti ...
... the simple limiting case in which the spins form local spin singlets within each unit cell. A simple approach that can be used for a theoretical description of such insulators is the method of bond operators [14, 15]. This method has been widely applied, and in some cases provides an accurate quanti ...
String Theory - damtp - University of Cambridge
... real world. At low-energies it naturally gives rise to general relativity, gauge theories, scalar fields and chiral fermions. In other words, it contains all the ingredients that make up our universe. It also gives the only presently credible explanation for the value of the cosmological constant al ...
... real world. At low-energies it naturally gives rise to general relativity, gauge theories, scalar fields and chiral fermions. In other words, it contains all the ingredients that make up our universe. It also gives the only presently credible explanation for the value of the cosmological constant al ...
FrustrationVSFactorization - School of Mathematical Sciences
... of the same form as a spin-1/2 Hamiltonian that admits a factorized ground state at h=hf, will also admit a factorized ground state at the same value of the field: greater scope of our results • For a generic model (frustrated or not), the factorizing field (when it exists) is a precursor to the cri ...
... of the same form as a spin-1/2 Hamiltonian that admits a factorized ground state at h=hf, will also admit a factorized ground state at the same value of the field: greater scope of our results • For a generic model (frustrated or not), the factorizing field (when it exists) is a precursor to the cri ...
Fermionization of Spin Systems
... As can be easy to understand, the non local string phase factor introduced by the transformation isn’t always simple to treat. Indeed for some applications of this transformation in two dimensions [25, 7, 8], the phase factors do not cancel each other, but they can be considered as a gauge field int ...
... As can be easy to understand, the non local string phase factor introduced by the transformation isn’t always simple to treat. Indeed for some applications of this transformation in two dimensions [25, 7, 8], the phase factors do not cancel each other, but they can be considered as a gauge field int ...
Elements of QFT in Curved Space-Time
... by the background curvatures and their derivatives =⇒ superficial degree of divergence decrease. Therefore, independent of the approach, the new counterterms do not have O(1/m) -factors and the theory remains power-counting renormalizable in curved space. Ilya Shapiro, Lectures on curved-space QFT, ...
... by the background curvatures and their derivatives =⇒ superficial degree of divergence decrease. Therefore, independent of the approach, the new counterterms do not have O(1/m) -factors and the theory remains power-counting renormalizable in curved space. Ilya Shapiro, Lectures on curved-space QFT, ...
Particle-vortex duality of two-dimensional Dirac fermion from electric
... an experimental window into the effects of strong interactions. A useful theoretical tool that was introduced to study surfaces of strongly interacting 3D topological phases is surface topological order (STO) [9,17–19,23–28]. In the early days of the field it was assumed that the surface of a topolo ...
... an experimental window into the effects of strong interactions. A useful theoretical tool that was introduced to study surfaces of strongly interacting 3D topological phases is surface topological order (STO) [9,17–19,23–28]. In the early days of the field it was assumed that the surface of a topolo ...
Geometrical Aspects of Conformal Quantum Field Theory
... In the early seventies, when the mysterious nature of nuclear forces was in the focus of scientific attention, string theory was invented to solve this mystery. Its most remarkable feature is that its basic constituents are not point particles—in contrast to all other theories before—but rather one– ...
... In the early seventies, when the mysterious nature of nuclear forces was in the focus of scientific attention, string theory was invented to solve this mystery. Its most remarkable feature is that its basic constituents are not point particles—in contrast to all other theories before—but rather one– ...
iBios – Portal Project Integrative Toolbox Using Grid
... • introduce complex scalar field to describe condensate of Cooper pairs macroscopically, stabilize this field by a potential • effectively introduces separation between gauge-field ...
... • introduce complex scalar field to describe condensate of Cooper pairs macroscopically, stabilize this field by a potential • effectively introduces separation between gauge-field ...
Breakdown of NRQCD Factorization
... For understanding the breakdown or to which extent the factorization fails, it would be nice to have a oneloop case, where P-wave states can be produced at tree level…….. And also to study the factorization of relativistic corrections……. ...
... For understanding the breakdown or to which extent the factorization fails, it would be nice to have a oneloop case, where P-wave states can be produced at tree level…….. And also to study the factorization of relativistic corrections……. ...
Spontaneously Broken Symmetries
... holds nevertheless for almost all . 2. In physics it is quite unusual that there is only one invariant state over a local C*-algebra, one expects at least KMS states for all temperatures. T can be extended to a continuous dilation automorphism over the whole Weyl algebra but this automorphism does ...
... holds nevertheless for almost all . 2. In physics it is quite unusual that there is only one invariant state over a local C*-algebra, one expects at least KMS states for all temperatures. T can be extended to a continuous dilation automorphism over the whole Weyl algebra but this automorphism does ...
Introduction to Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking
... Introduction Symmetry and Conservation Law Explicit vs Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking Goldstone Theorem Spontaneous symmetry breaking in global symmetry Spontaneous symmetry breaking in Local symmetry-Higgs Phenomena Standard Model of Electroweak Interaction ...
... Introduction Symmetry and Conservation Law Explicit vs Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking Goldstone Theorem Spontaneous symmetry breaking in global symmetry Spontaneous symmetry breaking in Local symmetry-Higgs Phenomena Standard Model of Electroweak Interaction ...
Lattice QCD and String Theory Lattice 2005 Julius Kuti Confining Force
... role of skrew dislocations in Wilson surface ...
... role of skrew dislocations in Wilson surface ...
Algebraic approach to interacting quantum systems
... the later sections. However, it is important to note that the procedure described to find the mapping connecting two languages in the same class is very straightforward. In addition, we show that the fractional exclusion statistics algebras emerge naturally from the present formalism. Given a model H ...
... the later sections. However, it is important to note that the procedure described to find the mapping connecting two languages in the same class is very straightforward. In addition, we show that the fractional exclusion statistics algebras emerge naturally from the present formalism. Given a model H ...
Hamiltonian dynamics
... The choice of y0 determines the nature of the motion (in the sense of sect. 2.1.1): for y0 = 0 we have that every point on the y0 = 0 line is stationary, for y0 = p/q the motion is periodic, and for irrational y0 any choice of x0 leads to a quasiperiodic motion (see figure 8.5 (a)). Despite the simp ...
... The choice of y0 determines the nature of the motion (in the sense of sect. 2.1.1): for y0 = 0 we have that every point on the y0 = 0 line is stationary, for y0 = p/q the motion is periodic, and for irrational y0 any choice of x0 leads to a quasiperiodic motion (see figure 8.5 (a)). Despite the simp ...
Functional Form of the Imaginary Part of the Atomic Polarizability
... contributions which need to be separated from the coherent two-photon correction to the decay rate [13]. How can this intuitive picture be applied to the imaginary part of the polarizability? From a quantum theory point of view [1], the initial state/reference state in the calculation of the polariz ...
... contributions which need to be separated from the coherent two-photon correction to the decay rate [13]. How can this intuitive picture be applied to the imaginary part of the polarizability? From a quantum theory point of view [1], the initial state/reference state in the calculation of the polariz ...
Beyond the Standard Model
... between 80 and 100 MeV, and the charm quark with a mass of about 1.5 GeV. The leptons in this family are the muon with roughly 105 MeV mass, and its associated neutrino, the muon neutrino. The final, third, family contains the bottom quark with a mass of about 4.5 GeV, and the extraordinary heavy to ...
... between 80 and 100 MeV, and the charm quark with a mass of about 1.5 GeV. The leptons in this family are the muon with roughly 105 MeV mass, and its associated neutrino, the muon neutrino. The final, third, family contains the bottom quark with a mass of about 4.5 GeV, and the extraordinary heavy to ...
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... Asymptotic symmetries of AdS3 • Asymptotic symmetry group (ASG): symmetries preserving asymptotics of the space • ASG of AdS3 : VirasoroL £ VirasoroR . ...
... Asymptotic symmetries of AdS3 • Asymptotic symmetry group (ASG): symmetries preserving asymptotics of the space • ASG of AdS3 : VirasoroL £ VirasoroR . ...
Lecture notes
... with a mass of approximately 125 GeV. The existence of this particle was a prediction of the Standard Model. Further research concentrates on signs of physics beyond the Standard Model, sometimes called “New Physics”. In preparation of these LHC experiments Nikhef has also been active at other labs: ...
... with a mass of approximately 125 GeV. The existence of this particle was a prediction of the Standard Model. Further research concentrates on signs of physics beyond the Standard Model, sometimes called “New Physics”. In preparation of these LHC experiments Nikhef has also been active at other labs: ...