Ch. 14
... We might be interested in the interest rates on CDs, mortgage rates, credit card interest rates? Usually, interest rates all go hand in hand. When the Fed increases the federal funds rate, banks increase their prime rates, too. ...
... We might be interested in the interest rates on CDs, mortgage rates, credit card interest rates? Usually, interest rates all go hand in hand. When the Fed increases the federal funds rate, banks increase their prime rates, too. ...
Snake-Oil Tax Cuts - Harvard Kennedy School
... congressman wishing to increase spending had to show how they would raise taxes to pay for it. Logically, a Congressman contemplating a new spending program to benefit some favored supporters will be more inhibited by fears of constituents complaining about an immediate tax increase (under the regim ...
... congressman wishing to increase spending had to show how they would raise taxes to pay for it. Logically, a Congressman contemplating a new spending program to benefit some favored supporters will be more inhibited by fears of constituents complaining about an immediate tax increase (under the regim ...
Social spending
... spending. Public social spending is closest to the OECD average in Brazil at just over 15% of GDP. In Brazil, public spending on pension benefits amounts to almost 10% of GDP (which is a conservative estimate, see the note to Figure 3), compared to 8% of GDP on average across the OECD. This is all t ...
... spending. Public social spending is closest to the OECD average in Brazil at just over 15% of GDP. In Brazil, public spending on pension benefits amounts to almost 10% of GDP (which is a conservative estimate, see the note to Figure 3), compared to 8% of GDP on average across the OECD. This is all t ...
model - Amazon Web Services
... • Thus demand and expenditure functions if they are to be set against reality must be defined at some reasonably high level of aggregation. • The idea that we should start at the level of the isolated individual is one which we may well have to abandon.” • But most didn’t know about these conditions ...
... • Thus demand and expenditure functions if they are to be set against reality must be defined at some reasonably high level of aggregation. • The idea that we should start at the level of the isolated individual is one which we may well have to abandon.” • But most didn’t know about these conditions ...
A Keynesian Macroeconomic Model with New
... auctioneerdoes not call out arraysof prices while time standsstill. Rathereconomic actors must consciously decide whether to bid prices upwardsor downwards.This takes time! Even if expectations are rational, there is no guaranteethat marketswill continuouslyclear. However, in such a world, if policy ...
... auctioneerdoes not call out arraysof prices while time standsstill. Rathereconomic actors must consciously decide whether to bid prices upwardsor downwards.This takes time! Even if expectations are rational, there is no guaranteethat marketswill continuouslyclear. However, in such a world, if policy ...
The Political Economy of Government Debt
... 2014.2 In addition,the provision of public goods, which is therefore not classified as directly redistributive, has a redistributive component to the extent that public goods are used more or less intensively by individuals in different income brackets. The structure of taxation, such as the progre ...
... 2014.2 In addition,the provision of public goods, which is therefore not classified as directly redistributive, has a redistributive component to the extent that public goods are used more or less intensively by individuals in different income brackets. The structure of taxation, such as the progre ...
Measuring National Output and National Income
... C H A P T E R 6: Measuring National Output and National Income ...
... C H A P T E R 6: Measuring National Output and National Income ...
Time Consistency and the Duration of Government Debt
... The signalling channel of quantitative easing (QE) The paper o¤ers a useful theoretical framework for thinking about monetary policy and government debt management It is conceptually well-understood that, QE works by shortening the maturity of the public debt held by private investors, as a policy l ...
... The signalling channel of quantitative easing (QE) The paper o¤ers a useful theoretical framework for thinking about monetary policy and government debt management It is conceptually well-understood that, QE works by shortening the maturity of the public debt held by private investors, as a policy l ...
paper - University of Oxford, Department of Economics
... we would adjust debt downwards but at a very slow rate, and this might appear in the short term to be little different to the random walk steady state case. This emphasises that the key, and robust, result of this analysis is that debt adjustment should be slow. ...
... we would adjust debt downwards but at a very slow rate, and this might appear in the short term to be little different to the random walk steady state case. This emphasises that the key, and robust, result of this analysis is that debt adjustment should be slow. ...
Y - Terry College of Business
... Short run: Many prices are “sticky” at some predetermined level. The economy behaves much differently when prices are sticky. CHAPTER 9 ...
... Short run: Many prices are “sticky” at some predetermined level. The economy behaves much differently when prices are sticky. CHAPTER 9 ...
Deflation - Tata Mutual Fund
... • Because the price of goods is falling, consumers have an incentive to delay purchases and consumption until prices fall further, which in turn reduces economic activity even further. ...
... • Because the price of goods is falling, consumers have an incentive to delay purchases and consumption until prices fall further, which in turn reduces economic activity even further. ...
Infinite Money and Infrastructural Power
... costs across the long eighteenth century” (Brewer 1989; Neal 2000; Storrs 2009, 1-2; Wright 1999). Brewer's assertion of the primacy of taxes in explaining England's success in international conflict has not gone unchallenged. Recently many scholars have defended Dickson's focus on borrowing capacit ...
... costs across the long eighteenth century” (Brewer 1989; Neal 2000; Storrs 2009, 1-2; Wright 1999). Brewer's assertion of the primacy of taxes in explaining England's success in international conflict has not gone unchallenged. Recently many scholars have defended Dickson's focus on borrowing capacit ...
MacroIntro
... would not. Advances in computation and statistics meant that large models could be constructed meant to represent large economies. ...
... would not. Advances in computation and statistics meant that large models could be constructed meant to represent large economies. ...
Fiscal Federalism in the Russian Federation: Problems and
... authorities have a recognised power to enforce free trade and factor mobility between regions. The theory proposes that the highly limited tax authority of the federal government prevents expropriation of private interests by the centre, while competition between regions in the context of trade and ...
... authorities have a recognised power to enforce free trade and factor mobility between regions. The theory proposes that the highly limited tax authority of the federal government prevents expropriation of private interests by the centre, while competition between regions in the context of trade and ...
The Economic Consequences of Mr Osborne
... fixed capital formation of central and local government; transfer payments are deliberately excluded; government debt is measured as a share of GDP; interest rate figures are for the yield on long-term government bonds; and prices are measured by the GDP deflator. ...
... fixed capital formation of central and local government; transfer payments are deliberately excluded; government debt is measured as a share of GDP; interest rate figures are for the yield on long-term government bonds; and prices are measured by the GDP deflator. ...
chapter 2 the macroeconomic implications of devaluation and import
... that the quantity of output (and therefore presumably employment) is given. The core of their argument then concerns the response to alternative policies of the terms of trade, which alone can generate any putative benefits from protection. But, however elaborate the theoretical superstructure which ...
... that the quantity of output (and therefore presumably employment) is given. The core of their argument then concerns the response to alternative policies of the terms of trade, which alone can generate any putative benefits from protection. But, however elaborate the theoretical superstructure which ...
CHAPTER 2 Measuring the Performance of the Canadian Economy
... GDP can change solely due to inflation. Only if real GDP grows faster than population, will real income per capita increase. But real GDP per capita still does not take into account changes in income distribution, changes in environmental quality, or leisure, all of which influence the economic welf ...
... GDP can change solely due to inflation. Only if real GDP grows faster than population, will real income per capita increase. But real GDP per capita still does not take into account changes in income distribution, changes in environmental quality, or leisure, all of which influence the economic welf ...
Size, Trend, and Policy Implications of the Underground Economy Renzo Orsi
... underground economy is negatively correlated with the cyclical component of the official output, thus providing evidence of a double business cycle in the Italian economy. The estimated model is then used to assess the implications of alternative fiscal policies. We find that at the actual tax rates ...
... underground economy is negatively correlated with the cyclical component of the official output, thus providing evidence of a double business cycle in the Italian economy. The estimated model is then used to assess the implications of alternative fiscal policies. We find that at the actual tax rates ...
Fiscal Divergence and Business Cycle Synchronization
... negative and OLS is both larger and closer to zero (from below) than IV estimates, which could indicate endogeneity. ...
... negative and OLS is both larger and closer to zero (from below) than IV estimates, which could indicate endogeneity. ...