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The Land Plants
The Land Plants

... • Sporophyte: Diploid stage that forms spores by meiosis; a sporangium helps protect and ...
Lesson 25 From Seed to Plant
Lesson 25 From Seed to Plant

... stigma at the top of the pistil of a flower like itself. This is called pollination. Pollination happens in different ways. Often, wind blows pollen from flower to flower. Bees, other insects and hummingbirds help pollinate, too. While they visit flowers for their sweet juice, called nectar, pollen ...
flowering plants
flowering plants

... • conifers (pine, fir, cedar, ginko) • ‘naked seeds’ – not protected or enclosed in an ovary. •seeds are plant embryos packaged in a protective coat along with a food supply. ...
What is the Life Cycle of a Plant?
What is the Life Cycle of a Plant?

... Because most roots are underground, they can absorb, or take in, water and mineral nutrients from the soil around them Root cells do not contain chlorophyll ( this is why they are not green). However, some roots do store food ...
flowering plants.
flowering plants.

... • Stem type can be woody or herbaceous. – Wood is a fibrous material made up of dead cells. – Wood has high concentrations of lignin and cellulose. – Woody stems are stiff. – Herbaceous plants do not produce wood. ...
Introduction to Pollinators
Introduction to Pollinators

... Beetles of species that specialize in eating pollen, nectar or flowers themselves, are important crosspollinators of some plants. Various midges and thrips are comparatively minor opportunist pollinators. Ants also pollinate some kinds of flowers, but for the most part they are parasites, robbing ne ...
Fact sheet - Acacia longifolia / Sydney Golden Wattle
Fact sheet - Acacia longifolia / Sydney Golden Wattle

... drooping seed pods follow. Longevity: Approximately 10 to 20 years, with some references stating more; longevity dependant on speed of growth. Killed by fire in the wild. Long lived soil seed bank. Horticultural Merit and uses: Highly attractive small tree or large rounded shrub. Striking flower dis ...
$doc.title

... Threat  to  Environment   Major  threat  to  survival  of  na5ve  woodland   vegeta5on  &  wildlife  that  depends  on  it   ...
spread the word not the weed! - Natural Resources South Australia
spread the word not the weed! - Natural Resources South Australia

... exclude other vegetation, in the competition for sunlight. acidify the soil and can be a fire hazard. ...
Growing Luffa - Garden Organic
Growing Luffa - Garden Organic

... Luffas are reasonably healthy but can suffer from the same problems as other cucurbits, especially powdery mildew if the weather conditions are suitable, especially during late summer with humid nights and dry soil. Watering the plants well and removing the worst affected leaves will help control th ...
Pelargonium - Aggie Horticulture
Pelargonium - Aggie Horticulture

... more frequently to reduce problem ...
Monocots vs Dicots
Monocots vs Dicots

... have only two petals, and that doesn't fit either monocot or dicot.  The main proof is that actually there is a third petal, a much reduced, translucent one at the flower's bottom, so there are also three petals.  Therefore: Monocot. ...
Defense and dispersal mutualisms
Defense and dispersal mutualisms

... “Dispersal limitation” is an important mechanism structuring plant communities. Plants cannot disperse their seeds everywhere - either too few seeds or too few dispersers… ...
World of Plants
World of Plants

... Timber production Site Preparation Planting Thinning Felling and Removal ...
Plant Kingdom
Plant Kingdom

...  in ferns, the sporophyte generation is much larger and more complex than the gametophyte  the leaves are the sporophyte are called fronds  club mosses (phylum Lycophyta)  crucial adaptation to life on land  protects the embryonic plant when it is at its most vulnerable stage ...
Enhancing Pollinator Populations in Restored Prairie Habitats 2007 Accomplishments
Enhancing Pollinator Populations in Restored Prairie Habitats 2007 Accomplishments

... Restoring native habitats, such as tallgrass prairie, requires more than plants; reconstruction of a complete ecosystem requires all the elements, including pollinators. Without proper pollinators, many native wildflowers will fail to reproduce. Restoring pollinator populations requires providing mo ...
Gymnosperms and Angiosperms
Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

... • When a plant flowers and produces seeds, it also produces something else we all like -- fruit. As you learned, when the ovary ripens, it swells and forms a protective covering around the seeds. This protective covering, or fruit, often finds its way on top of cereal, ice cream, a salad, or just a ...
grandfather`s whiskers
grandfather`s whiskers

... stalks so that even though the individual flowers are only 1-2 cm across (1/2” – ¾”), a group of them looks quite eye catching, particularly so early in the season. The flowers are in group of three and this is where they get their name, Three Flowered Avens Geum triflorum. The leaves are mostly all ...
Kingdom Plants
Kingdom Plants

... Flowering plants are the most common plants on the earth and produce sperm and egg in flowers. ...
Section 22-4 Seed Plants (pages 564-568)
Section 22-4 Seed Plants (pages 564-568)

... 24. Circle the letter of the reason conifers never become bare. a. They never lose their needles. b. The gametophyte supplies needles to the sporophyte. c. Older needles are gradually replaced by newer needles. d. The needles conserve water throughout the year. 25. How are larches and baldcypresses ...
Araceae Family - Missouri State University
Araceae Family - Missouri State University

... o mostly alternate but may be opposite or whorled o simple or compound o sometimes highly reduced o colored leaves (bracts) often mistaken as the flowers Flowers o specialized type of miniature inflorescence called a cyathium occurs in about 1,500 of the species in the genera Euphorbia and Chamaesyc ...
Singapore Botanic Gardens
Singapore Botanic Gardens

... water are obviously spread by water, there are many other ways in which water plays a part in dispersing seeds. • Seeds of some tropical trees can even be carried along by ocean currents to land on shores half a world away. ...
Seed Biology
Seed Biology

... 3. What is first to emerge from a germinating seed– the shoot or the root? 4. What does a seed need in order to germinate? 5. Where are the oldest tissues of a plant– the lower or upper leaves/branches? 6. Where is the oldest tissue of a leaf– the tip or the base? ...
Chapter 22 Worksheet - Hamilton Local Schools
Chapter 22 Worksheet - Hamilton Local Schools

... _____19. What is the name of the process in which pollen is carried to the female reproductive structure? a. fertilization c. reproduction b. pollination d. germination _____20. The embryo of a plant that is encased in a protective covering and surrounded by a food supply is called a a. seed. c. po ...
What is a Plant? - Jordan High School
What is a Plant? - Jordan High School

... • Auxins—hormones that stimulate cell elongation & growth of new roots – Auxins collect on shaded side of stem – Cells on shaded side lengthen the stem towards the light ...
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Ecology of Banksia



The ecology of Banksia refers to all the relationships and interactions among the plant genus Banksia and its environment. Banksia has a number of adaptations that have so far enabled the genus to survive despite dry, nutrient-poor soil, low rates of seed set, high rates of seed predation and low rates of seedling survival. These adaptations include proteoid roots and lignotubers; specialised floral structures that attract nectariferous animals and ensure effective pollen transfer; and the release of seed in response to bushfire.The arrival of Europeans in Australia has brought new ecological challenges. European colonisation of Australia has directly affected Banksia through deforestation, exploitation of flowers and changes to the fire regime. In addition, the accidental introduction and spread of plant pathogens such as Phytophthora cinnamomi (dieback) pose a serious threat to the genus's habitat and biodiversity. Various conservation measures have been put in place to mitigate these threats, but a number of taxa remain endangered.
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