Recent zoonoses caused by influenza A viruses
... 1957 (H2N2), 1968 (H3N2) and 1977 (H1N1), each resulting in a pandemic. Frequent epidemics have occurred between the pandemics as a result of gradual antigenic change in the prevalent virus, termed antigenic drift. Currently, epidemics occur throughout the world in the human population due to infect ...
... 1957 (H2N2), 1968 (H3N2) and 1977 (H1N1), each resulting in a pandemic. Frequent epidemics have occurred between the pandemics as a result of gradual antigenic change in the prevalent virus, termed antigenic drift. Currently, epidemics occur throughout the world in the human population due to infect ...
The PB2 E627K mutation contributes to the high polymerase activity
... organs (brain, spleen and kidneys). The viral titres of H7N9 in nasal turbinates and lungs was significantly higher than the titres of H7N9 PB2 K627E (Fig. 4b, c). The replication of H7N9 was similar in nasal turbinates and the lung, whereas the viral titre of H7N9 PB2 K627E in nasal turbinates was ...
... organs (brain, spleen and kidneys). The viral titres of H7N9 in nasal turbinates and lungs was significantly higher than the titres of H7N9 PB2 K627E (Fig. 4b, c). The replication of H7N9 was similar in nasal turbinates and the lung, whereas the viral titre of H7N9 PB2 K627E in nasal turbinates was ...
Genetic and Biochemical Analyses of the Flaviviridae Capsid Proteins
... Hepatitis C virus (HCV), the sole member of the Hepacivirus genus, is a major etiological agent of liver disease, with an estimated 170 million people infected worldwide (222). Although about 20% of individuals exposed to the virus will spontaneously resolve the infection, the majority will become c ...
... Hepatitis C virus (HCV), the sole member of the Hepacivirus genus, is a major etiological agent of liver disease, with an estimated 170 million people infected worldwide (222). Although about 20% of individuals exposed to the virus will spontaneously resolve the infection, the majority will become c ...
Influenza Vaccines – Quality Module - EMA
... Candidate vaccine viruses (CVV) represent influenza strains recommended by WHO/CHMP and which are suitable for seasonal vaccine production. Historically, they are supplied by a WHO Collaborating Centre (CC), a WHO Essential Regulatory Laboratory (ERL) or an otherwise approved laboratory, to influenz ...
... Candidate vaccine viruses (CVV) represent influenza strains recommended by WHO/CHMP and which are suitable for seasonal vaccine production. Historically, they are supplied by a WHO Collaborating Centre (CC), a WHO Essential Regulatory Laboratory (ERL) or an otherwise approved laboratory, to influenz ...
ibv_2_search - Cairo University Scholars
... vaccine (Massachusetts serotype) at 1 day old SPF chicks, and the heterologous challenge with four variants (serotypes) at 4 weeks of age, was found to be poorly effective in protecting the respiratory tract of SPF chickens with protection percentages of 8.1%, 55%, 10.5% and 12.6% corresponding to f ...
... vaccine (Massachusetts serotype) at 1 day old SPF chicks, and the heterologous challenge with four variants (serotypes) at 4 weeks of age, was found to be poorly effective in protecting the respiratory tract of SPF chickens with protection percentages of 8.1%, 55%, 10.5% and 12.6% corresponding to f ...
chapter 22 - Princeton ISD
... 2. Explain the structure and function of the nervous system The parts of the eye consist of the following: • Sclera: white of the eye • Cornea: transparent front part of the sclera • Iris: part of the eye that is genetically colored • Pupil: circular opening in the center of the iris, which dilates ...
... 2. Explain the structure and function of the nervous system The parts of the eye consist of the following: • Sclera: white of the eye • Cornea: transparent front part of the sclera • Iris: part of the eye that is genetically colored • Pupil: circular opening in the center of the iris, which dilates ...
Ulcerative lesions 1) Local Causes
... -Minor aphthae are the most common form, and they present clinically as small, painful, round ulcers 3–6 mm in diameter, covered by a whitish-yellow membrane and surrounded by a thin red halo. -The lesions may be single or multiple (two to six), and they heal without scarring in 7–12 days. - Mainly ...
... -Minor aphthae are the most common form, and they present clinically as small, painful, round ulcers 3–6 mm in diameter, covered by a whitish-yellow membrane and surrounded by a thin red halo. -The lesions may be single or multiple (two to six), and they heal without scarring in 7–12 days. - Mainly ...
Cystoscopic-guided laser ablation of an intramural ectopic ureter in
... Skye Terrier and Fox Terrier. The definitive diagnosis is achieved associating imaging techniques to information gathered through the clinical presentation and past history of the patient. The treatment of choice for this condition is surgical and different techniques can be performed: neoureterosto ...
... Skye Terrier and Fox Terrier. The definitive diagnosis is achieved associating imaging techniques to information gathered through the clinical presentation and past history of the patient. The treatment of choice for this condition is surgical and different techniques can be performed: neoureterosto ...
In tro d uc
... affecting chickens in a subclinical form (early bursa atrophy) that may lead to a temporary or permanent immunosuppression. The clinical form in chickens may appear at 3–6 weeks of age. The bursa becomes swollen and then quickly regresses to a small size, leading to suppression of the immune system. ...
... affecting chickens in a subclinical form (early bursa atrophy) that may lead to a temporary or permanent immunosuppression. The clinical form in chickens may appear at 3–6 weeks of age. The bursa becomes swollen and then quickly regresses to a small size, leading to suppression of the immune system. ...
Dengue haemorrhagic fever - World Health Organization
... transmission of all four dengue serotypes accompanied by DF cases, but not by DHF/DSS prior to the above-mentioned outbreaks. In each country of these Regions where DHF has become endemic, the sequence has been more or less the same; frequent transmission of dengue virus, first associated with spora ...
... transmission of all four dengue serotypes accompanied by DF cases, but not by DHF/DSS prior to the above-mentioned outbreaks. In each country of these Regions where DHF has become endemic, the sequence has been more or less the same; frequent transmission of dengue virus, first associated with spora ...
antiviral drugs – aspects of clinical use and recent advances
... Treatment of Herpes Simplex Virus with Lignin-Carbohydrate Complex Tablet, an Alternative Therapeutic Formula 171 Blanca Silvia González López, Masaji Yamamoto and Hiroshi Sakagami ...
... Treatment of Herpes Simplex Virus with Lignin-Carbohydrate Complex Tablet, an Alternative Therapeutic Formula 171 Blanca Silvia González López, Masaji Yamamoto and Hiroshi Sakagami ...
Influenza virus characterisation, summary Europe, July 2016
... ECDC SURVEILLANCE REPORT Influenza virus characterisation, July 2016 ...
... ECDC SURVEILLANCE REPORT Influenza virus characterisation, July 2016 ...
Hepatitis B Training for Patient Navigators/Health
... Many people are infected when they are very young and they or their parents may not even be aware that they have the infection. But it’s especially important to identify those who are infected at this early age because they are much more likely to go on to develop chronic infection with all its comp ...
... Many people are infected when they are very young and they or their parents may not even be aware that they have the infection. But it’s especially important to identify those who are infected at this early age because they are much more likely to go on to develop chronic infection with all its comp ...
IEWG proceedings 2010 - International Elbow Working Group
... is warranted if the gait and physical examination findings are retriever supportive even though the breed of dog is not thought of as with MCP “classic”. Puppies may present for thoracic limb lameness, disease stiffness, exercise intolerance, or non-specific mobility problems standing as early as 4 ...
... is warranted if the gait and physical examination findings are retriever supportive even though the breed of dog is not thought of as with MCP “classic”. Puppies may present for thoracic limb lameness, disease stiffness, exercise intolerance, or non-specific mobility problems standing as early as 4 ...
Part 3: Session descriptions - Midwest Veterinary Conference
... research updates as they relate to swine enteric coronavirus diseases, with a focus on the recently emergent porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDv) and porcine delta coronavirus (PDCoV). Particular emphasis will be placed on practical information that veterinarians can use to aid in the prevention a ...
... research updates as they relate to swine enteric coronavirus diseases, with a focus on the recently emergent porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDv) and porcine delta coronavirus (PDCoV). Particular emphasis will be placed on practical information that veterinarians can use to aid in the prevention a ...
Canine C-reactive Protein - Epsilon Open Archive
... both tests met the predefined quality criteria. Using the two novel CRP tests, it was possible to reliably measure serum CRP concentrations in the range of 0.5-1200 mg/l. After successful termination of the validation studies, the CRP assays were used in clinical research studies. C-reactive protein ...
... both tests met the predefined quality criteria. Using the two novel CRP tests, it was possible to reliably measure serum CRP concentrations in the range of 0.5-1200 mg/l. After successful termination of the validation studies, the CRP assays were used in clinical research studies. C-reactive protein ...
Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus as Treatment for Pancreatic
... [112,137]. NDV spreads primarily through direct contact between infected and healthy birds and via oral, nasal and ocular secretions and droppings. Infection occurs by virus inhalation, ingestion or conjunctival contact. Symptoms of NDV infection in poultry include respiratory (sneezing, coughing, g ...
... [112,137]. NDV spreads primarily through direct contact between infected and healthy birds and via oral, nasal and ocular secretions and droppings. Infection occurs by virus inhalation, ingestion or conjunctival contact. Symptoms of NDV infection in poultry include respiratory (sneezing, coughing, g ...
Peach rosette phytoplasma
... Symptoms are very similar to those caused by the quite different peach rosette mosaic nepovirus (Dias, 1975; EPPO/CABI, 1996a). On peach, new shoots have very short internodes. The leaves of the older shoots fall in early summer, leaving only bunches of young leaves on the tips of naked shoots. Flow ...
... Symptoms are very similar to those caused by the quite different peach rosette mosaic nepovirus (Dias, 1975; EPPO/CABI, 1996a). On peach, new shoots have very short internodes. The leaves of the older shoots fall in early summer, leaving only bunches of young leaves on the tips of naked shoots. Flow ...
from anonymity to notoriety.
... Dr. Halter’s preface highlights the enigmatic qualities of Ebola, and reflects an awe towards the organism and its effects that pervades the proceedings of the conference. Interestingly, the Ebola outbreaks acted as a catalyst to the study of other haemorrhagic fevers, which had before enjoyed the a ...
... Dr. Halter’s preface highlights the enigmatic qualities of Ebola, and reflects an awe towards the organism and its effects that pervades the proceedings of the conference. Interestingly, the Ebola outbreaks acted as a catalyst to the study of other haemorrhagic fevers, which had before enjoyed the a ...
News coverage on our infectious disease research
... competing with the others for a chance to get inside a cell and copy itself. The swarm’s genetic code shifts in response to the changing environment. By looking at a few genomes of Ebola, the scientists hoped to grasp an image of the whole virus, which could be conceived of as a life-form visible in ...
... competing with the others for a chance to get inside a cell and copy itself. The swarm’s genetic code shifts in response to the changing environment. By looking at a few genomes of Ebola, the scientists hoped to grasp an image of the whole virus, which could be conceived of as a life-form visible in ...
Methods for the euthanasia of dogs and cats
... operators and other people experience when euthanasia is performed will be affected by their culture, beliefs and the community in which they live. Operators should be emotionally supported and trained to develop coping mechanisms to deal with this stress. This is important for many reasons, includi ...
... operators and other people experience when euthanasia is performed will be affected by their culture, beliefs and the community in which they live. Operators should be emotionally supported and trained to develop coping mechanisms to deal with this stress. This is important for many reasons, includi ...
Whirling disease - Department of Agriculture and Water Resources
... It is the responsibility of the users of this publication to identify and ensure they have complied with all legislative or regulatory requirements of the relevant Australian State or Territory and the Commonwealth prior to undertaking any of the response options set out within this publication. ...
... It is the responsibility of the users of this publication to identify and ensure they have complied with all legislative or regulatory requirements of the relevant Australian State or Territory and the Commonwealth prior to undertaking any of the response options set out within this publication. ...
BRONCHIOLITIS IN CHILDHOOD
... Bronchiolitis is seen frequently in all geographic areas. It is a highly seasonal disease-comparatively few cases occur during the summer months, and activity peaks during the winter months. In the northern hemisphere, bronchiolitis occurs most frequently in mid-December and mid-March; in the southe ...
... Bronchiolitis is seen frequently in all geographic areas. It is a highly seasonal disease-comparatively few cases occur during the summer months, and activity peaks during the winter months. In the northern hemisphere, bronchiolitis occurs most frequently in mid-December and mid-March; in the southe ...
HPV webpage PDF.pmd - Haben Practice For Voice and Laryngeal
... treat, have a well-defined behavior with no true “cure”, and may be pre-cancerous. The medical term for the voicebox is the larynx. The larynx begins at the “Adam’s Apple” and extends down to almost the collar bones. The larynx is comprised of several sections, the vocal cords (or vocal folds) are o ...
... treat, have a well-defined behavior with no true “cure”, and may be pre-cancerous. The medical term for the voicebox is the larynx. The larynx begins at the “Adam’s Apple” and extends down to almost the collar bones. The larynx is comprised of several sections, the vocal cords (or vocal folds) are o ...
Canine distemper
Canine distemper (sometimes termed hardpad disease in canine) is a viral disease that affects a wide variety of animal families, including domestic and wild species of dogs, coyotes, foxes, pandas, wolves, ferrets, skunks, raccoons, and large cats, as well as pinnipeds, some primates, and a variety of other species. It was long believed that animals in the family Felidae, including many species of large cat as well as domestic cats, were resistant to canine distemper, until some researchers reported the prevalence of CDV infection in large felids. It is now known that both large Felidae and domestic cats can be infected, usually through close housing with dogs or possibly blood transfusion from infected cats, but such infections appear to be self-limiting and largely without symptoms.In canines, distemper impacts several body systems, including the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts and the spinal cord and brain, with common symptoms that include high fever, eye inflammation and eye/nose discharge, labored breathing and coughing, vomiting and diarrhea, loss of appetite and lethargy, and hardening of nose and footpads. The viral infection can be accompanied by secondary bacterial infections and can present eventual serious neurological symptoms.Canine distemper is caused by a single-stranded RNA virus of the family paramyxovirus (the same family of the distinct virus that causes measles in humans). The disease is highly contagious via inhalation and fatal 50% of the time.Template:Where? Despite extensive vaccination in many regions, it remains a major disease of dogs, and is the leading cause of infectious disease death in dogs.