The Mediterranean Sea - European Environment Agency
... No species seems to have totally disappeared from the Mediterranean in recent years. However, some have disappeared from disturbed parts, especially in closed gulfs affected by industrial and urban pollution, and seem likely to become extinct in the near future. Moreover, ecosystems, for example the ...
... No species seems to have totally disappeared from the Mediterranean in recent years. However, some have disappeared from disturbed parts, especially in closed gulfs affected by industrial and urban pollution, and seem likely to become extinct in the near future. Moreover, ecosystems, for example the ...
Case Study 6 Monitoring Phytoplankton Productivity from
... angular characteristics of the incident light. Ignoring these properties could result in a significant bias in the light absorption by phytoplankton and subsequent errors in the final results (Kyewalyanga et al. 1992). The formalism used here to calculate the incident light at the sea surface was or ...
... angular characteristics of the incident light. Ignoring these properties could result in a significant bias in the light absorption by phytoplankton and subsequent errors in the final results (Kyewalyanga et al. 1992). The formalism used here to calculate the incident light at the sea surface was or ...
pdf version - Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
... greater coral mortality and widespread die-offs across entire reefs. An additional climate-related stress that may become significant in the next 50 years is ocean acidification—a change in the chemistry of seawater due to absorption of excess CO2 from the atmosphere—which is expected to make it in ...
... greater coral mortality and widespread die-offs across entire reefs. An additional climate-related stress that may become significant in the next 50 years is ocean acidification—a change in the chemistry of seawater due to absorption of excess CO2 from the atmosphere—which is expected to make it in ...
Lesson 9: Karst, Coastal and Glacial features AM Celâl
... Another map showing the world’s oceans, on which the Southern Ocean is called the Antarctic Ocean ...
... Another map showing the world’s oceans, on which the Southern Ocean is called the Antarctic Ocean ...
Seismic Seas - Wild Migration
... the Earth's oceanic waters, including the five named ‘oceans’ - the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Southern and Arctic Oceans - a connected body of salty water that covers over 70 percent of the Earth's surface. The sea is home to a broader spectrum of higher animal taxa than exists on land. Many marine ...
... the Earth's oceanic waters, including the five named ‘oceans’ - the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Southern and Arctic Oceans - a connected body of salty water that covers over 70 percent of the Earth's surface. The sea is home to a broader spectrum of higher animal taxa than exists on land. Many marine ...
Protection of the High Seas - Antarctic and Southern Ocean Coalition
... This abundance of life is primarily associated with the sandy and muddy sediments of the seabed but also with newly discovered habitats such as seamounts, cold-water coral reefs, and hydrothermal vents. Because of the extreme and isolated nature of these deep-ocean environments, many of the life for ...
... This abundance of life is primarily associated with the sandy and muddy sediments of the seabed but also with newly discovered habitats such as seamounts, cold-water coral reefs, and hydrothermal vents. Because of the extreme and isolated nature of these deep-ocean environments, many of the life for ...
Midterm review
... historians think the coincidence occurred because Darwin held his ideas until he was afraid of being “scooped.” Answer A assumes that only Darwin could have come up with the idea. Answer C probably gives Darwin too much credit for being ahead of his time. Answer D assumes that theories have differen ...
... historians think the coincidence occurred because Darwin held his ideas until he was afraid of being “scooped.” Answer A assumes that only Darwin could have come up with the idea. Answer C probably gives Darwin too much credit for being ahead of his time. Answer D assumes that theories have differen ...
2012_07_11_Gazette No 30
... its natural condition. Intended to provide a high level of protection for the ecosystems, habitats and biodiversity within the area. Activities involving the taking or harvesting of either living or non-living resources are intended to be prohibited. 2. Recreational use zone – IUCN category habitat/ ...
... its natural condition. Intended to provide a high level of protection for the ecosystems, habitats and biodiversity within the area. Activities involving the taking or harvesting of either living or non-living resources are intended to be prohibited. 2. Recreational use zone – IUCN category habitat/ ...
Sand and Sea – Teachings from the Southeastern Shoreline
... know scientific facts about the ocean–would have a thorough understanding of the ocean’s vastness–that he or she would know the average depth of the ocean, the percentage of the earth that is covered by water, and the relative size of the major ocean basins. And, yes, these scientists do, in fact, l ...
... know scientific facts about the ocean–would have a thorough understanding of the ocean’s vastness–that he or she would know the average depth of the ocean, the percentage of the earth that is covered by water, and the relative size of the major ocean basins. And, yes, these scientists do, in fact, l ...
1 Report on the International Workshop for Large
... Oceanic plateaus colliding with subduction zones are a common feature around the Pacific and West Philippine basins. Understanding the collision style and potential earthquake hazards they pose, the submarine resources present, effect on ocean circulation, and the diversity of marine life associated ...
... Oceanic plateaus colliding with subduction zones are a common feature around the Pacific and West Philippine basins. Understanding the collision style and potential earthquake hazards they pose, the submarine resources present, effect on ocean circulation, and the diversity of marine life associated ...
Division 36D South Pacific
... beneath the PCC across the slope and outer shelf. The other arm flows to the southeast of the Galápagos Islands and forms the poleward-flowing Peru-Chile Counter-Current which divides the PCC into two branches: a coastal and an oceanic branch (Strub et al., 1998). The physical dynamics of the regio ...
... beneath the PCC across the slope and outer shelf. The other arm flows to the southeast of the Galápagos Islands and forms the poleward-flowing Peru-Chile Counter-Current which divides the PCC into two branches: a coastal and an oceanic branch (Strub et al., 1998). The physical dynamics of the regio ...
An Integrated Carbon Cycle Research Plan for the Ocean Sciences
... spatial patterns of oceanic carbon uptake, fluxes and storage of anthropogenic CO2, (2) detect and quantify changes in water mass renewal and mixing rates, and (3) provide a validation of the time integration of models of natural and anthropogenic climate variability. One strategy is to put in place ...
... spatial patterns of oceanic carbon uptake, fluxes and storage of anthropogenic CO2, (2) detect and quantify changes in water mass renewal and mixing rates, and (3) provide a validation of the time integration of models of natural and anthropogenic climate variability. One strategy is to put in place ...
Sequestration of CO2 by Ocean Fertilization
... phytoplankton biomass, the so-called HNLC waters. The difference is that the HNLC waters are deficient in one or more of the micronutrients required for plants to grow. While several essential metals may be involved in the limitation of growth in HNLC areas, iron has been shown to be the major micro ...
... phytoplankton biomass, the so-called HNLC waters. The difference is that the HNLC waters are deficient in one or more of the micronutrients required for plants to grow. While several essential metals may be involved in the limitation of growth in HNLC areas, iron has been shown to be the major micro ...
From hot springs to rice farms, scientists reveal new
... point. Rogers found that there were more than twice as many archaeal species at relatively moderate temperatures of 59 C (38 F) than at hotter vents where the thermometer reached 94 C (201 F). Climate change Three AGU presentations will focus on surprising new findings about the significant impact o ...
... point. Rogers found that there were more than twice as many archaeal species at relatively moderate temperatures of 59 C (38 F) than at hotter vents where the thermometer reached 94 C (201 F). Climate change Three AGU presentations will focus on surprising new findings about the significant impact o ...
CHAPTER 24 Polar and Alpine Environments
... This chapter analyses the polar and alpine regions of the Earth. Polar regions are remote and have low populations but they are not immune from the impacts of human activities. Literally, arctic and antarctic regions extend north and south of the 66o 30 latitude respectively, but the natural boundar ...
... This chapter analyses the polar and alpine regions of the Earth. Polar regions are remote and have low populations but they are not immune from the impacts of human activities. Literally, arctic and antarctic regions extend north and south of the 66o 30 latitude respectively, but the natural boundar ...
Viruses manipulate the marine environment
... routinely identified large numbers of psbA genes in viral fractions and associated with viral-like open reading frames. It has been estimated that about 60% of the psbA genes in the marine environment for which an origin could be identified were actually from phage19. A rough calculation suggests th ...
... routinely identified large numbers of psbA genes in viral fractions and associated with viral-like open reading frames. It has been estimated that about 60% of the psbA genes in the marine environment for which an origin could be identified were actually from phage19. A rough calculation suggests th ...
Benthic Indicators for assessment the quality status of coastal soft
... by sewage outfalls along 40 km of coast were analysed. These outfalls correspond to the villages of Vinaroz (VIN), Benicarló (BEN), Peñíscola (BEN), Alcossebre (ALC) and Torreblanca (TOR). The mean length of the pipelines is 2,138 m discharging at mean depth of 14.8 m in fine-sand communities, with ...
... by sewage outfalls along 40 km of coast were analysed. These outfalls correspond to the villages of Vinaroz (VIN), Benicarló (BEN), Peñíscola (BEN), Alcossebre (ALC) and Torreblanca (TOR). The mean length of the pipelines is 2,138 m discharging at mean depth of 14.8 m in fine-sand communities, with ...
The dynamics of a saltwater marine lake
... the anoxic conditions in the bottom layer that lasted for several years, together with high concentrations of hydrogen sulphide H2S. Such anoxic conditions may be ended during severe wintertime cooling events which homogenise the entire water column (Benović et al., 2000). Vertical homogenisation ha ...
... the anoxic conditions in the bottom layer that lasted for several years, together with high concentrations of hydrogen sulphide H2S. Such anoxic conditions may be ended during severe wintertime cooling events which homogenise the entire water column (Benović et al., 2000). Vertical homogenisation ha ...
The Marine Environment and the Role of Fungi
... production take place in the offshore pelagic realm (Fig. 2.3). • About 88% of herbivores depend upon oceanically produced NPP. This amounts to approximately 25.0 106 Pg C consumed by herbivores in the entire marine environment. • Oceanic waters contribute nearly 26.0% of all oceanically produced ...
... production take place in the offshore pelagic realm (Fig. 2.3). • About 88% of herbivores depend upon oceanically produced NPP. This amounts to approximately 25.0 106 Pg C consumed by herbivores in the entire marine environment. • Oceanic waters contribute nearly 26.0% of all oceanically produced ...
Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC)
... Main Line of Action 2: To further develop, within the GOOS and GCOS, the monitoring and forecasting capabilities needed for the management and sustainable development of the open and coastal ocean DESCRIPTION: The IOC, leading a partnership with WMO, UNEP and ICSU, began implementing GOOS in 1998. ...
... Main Line of Action 2: To further develop, within the GOOS and GCOS, the monitoring and forecasting capabilities needed for the management and sustainable development of the open and coastal ocean DESCRIPTION: The IOC, leading a partnership with WMO, UNEP and ICSU, began implementing GOOS in 1998. ...
Presentation - International Seabed Authority
... 4. In relation to the undiscovered and unknown resources of the Area, including the scientific knowledge required to protect the environment when these resources are exploited, exploited article 143 of the Convention (Marine Scientific Research) provides the Authority and States Parties with the ri ...
... 4. In relation to the undiscovered and unknown resources of the Area, including the scientific knowledge required to protect the environment when these resources are exploited, exploited article 143 of the Convention (Marine Scientific Research) provides the Authority and States Parties with the ri ...
Part 3 - Marine Conservation Society
... partnership initiative has been launched. These Oceans 25 Ambassadors share our vision of clean seas, sustainable fisheries and protection for sea life, and have pledged their support to help the Society achieve even greater success. These companies show that not just individuals and Government, but ...
... partnership initiative has been launched. These Oceans 25 Ambassadors share our vision of clean seas, sustainable fisheries and protection for sea life, and have pledged their support to help the Society achieve even greater success. These companies show that not just individuals and Government, but ...
Capacity-Building Activities - Scientific Committee on Oceanic
... coastal ocean of Guatemala (Pacific and Atlantic) and the achieved results was offered by Lic. Manuel Ixquiac from CEMA. Along with some instructors from CEMA, we did visit OBIMAR Departamento de Observación e Investigación Marítima of the Empresa Portuaria Quetzal, at Puerto Quetzal, the main comme ...
... coastal ocean of Guatemala (Pacific and Atlantic) and the achieved results was offered by Lic. Manuel Ixquiac from CEMA. Along with some instructors from CEMA, we did visit OBIMAR Departamento de Observación e Investigación Marítima of the Empresa Portuaria Quetzal, at Puerto Quetzal, the main comme ...
Protecting the World`s Penguins
... hundreds of miles each year, walking or tobogganing on icy landscapes. They are well suited for life on land and at sea. Their distinctive black-and-white coloring provides countershading to protect them from predators by blending their backs and bellies with the sea or the sky. Over millions of yea ...
... hundreds of miles each year, walking or tobogganing on icy landscapes. They are well suited for life on land and at sea. Their distinctive black-and-white coloring provides countershading to protect them from predators by blending their backs and bellies with the sea or the sky. Over millions of yea ...
For Creative Minds - Arbordale Publishing
... are available online. Go to ArbordalePublishing.com and click on the book’s cover to explore all the links. ...
... are available online. Go to ArbordalePublishing.com and click on the book’s cover to explore all the links. ...
Marine pollution
Marine pollution occurs when harmful, or potentially harmful, effects result from the entry into the ocean of chemicals, particles, industrial, agricultural and residential waste, noise, or the spread of invasive organisms. Most sources of marine pollution are land based. The pollution often comes from nonpoint sources such as agricultural runoff, wind-blown debris and dust. Nutrient pollution, a form of water pollution, refers to contamination by excessive inputs of nutrients. It is a primary cause of eutrophication of surface waters, in which excess nutrients, usually nitrogen or phosphorus, stimulate algae growth.Many potentially toxic chemicals adhere to tiny particles which are then taken up by plankton and benthos animals, most of which are either deposit or filter feeders. In this way, the toxins are concentrated upward within ocean food chains. Many particles combine chemically in a manner highly depletive of oxygen, causing estuaries to become anoxic.When pesticides are incorporated into the marine ecosystem, they quickly become absorbed into marine food webs. Once in the food webs, these pesticides can cause mutations, as well as diseases, which can be harmful to humans as well as the entire food web.Toxic metals can also be introduced into marine food webs. These can cause a change to tissue matter, biochemistry, behaviour, reproduction, and suppress growth in marine life. Also, many animal feeds have a high fish meal or fish hydrolysate content. In this way, marine toxins can be transferred to land animals, and appear later in meat and dairy products.