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Alternative Medicinal Plants For Livestock Healthcare In The
Alternative Medicinal Plants For Livestock Healthcare In The

... The bark of the neem tree is used to treat diarrhea, ticks, lice and wounds in poultry. The leaf is indicated for abscess, castration wounds, bleeding, foot rot, lice, udder infection for ruminants. The seed are used to treat ticks in ruminants and the whole plant for insect repellent for housing SW ...
Diagnosis and Management of Sore Throat
Diagnosis and Management of Sore Throat

... overlap so broadly that accurate diagnosis on clinical grounds alone is usually impossible. Scoring systems to assist in decisions about when to obtain a culture have been developed by a variety of investigators. However, these scoring systems require further evaluation. With the exception of rare i ...
prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of lactose fermenting
prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of lactose fermenting

... conventional pattern of antibiotic drugs are used to determine the susceptibility and resistance. More than 1000 different samples are collected from variety of clinical labs and hospitals and from in these samples lactose fermenting organisms screening for further study. Nearly 40 lactose fermentin ...
SUMMARY AND EXPLANATION OF THE TEST
SUMMARY AND EXPLANATION OF THE TEST

... the urine before testing. Urine samples may be stored at room temperature for up to 48 hours after collection. If the urine sample is not tested within 48 hours, it should be refrigerated at 2 - 8°C for up to 7 days. If the refrigerated urine sample is not tested within 7 days, it should be stored a ...
1. RIU_Cont_10-22.qxd - Department of Internal Medicine
1. RIU_Cont_10-22.qxd - Department of Internal Medicine

... watchful waiting increased UI. Short-term prevention of UI with pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation after prostatectomy was not consistently seen across randomized, controlled trials. The prevalence of incontinence increased with age and functional dependency. Stroke, diabetes, poor general health, r ...
Acute Pyelonephritis - American College of Radiology
Acute Pyelonephritis - American College of Radiology

... [25]. Of note, a study by Sattari et al. suggests that CT is more accurate than technetium 99m DMSA renal scintigraphy in detecting involvement with acute pyelonephritis in adult patients [26]. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance urography (MRU) are fel ...
Why not revisiting tinidazole as potential treatment of
Why not revisiting tinidazole as potential treatment of

... from the in vitro susceptibility, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamia, or clinical points of view, but previous data on tinidazole point it as a promising agent in this field. Compared with metronidazole, tinidazole has the potential of improving the pharmacodynamic coverage and/or the dosing regimen ...
Drug Resistance in Acute Viral Infections: Rhinovirus as a Case Study
Drug Resistance in Acute Viral Infections: Rhinovirus as a Case Study

... against an ever larger repertoire of serotypes over time. The antiviral agent pleconaril interrupts the viral replication cycle by blocking the attachment of virus to its cellular target. Clinical trials of the drug have shown that its use can reduce both the duration and severity of cold symptoms ( ...
Aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of suppurative sialadenitis
Aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of suppurative sialadenitis

... was considered to be the drug of choice for the therapy of such infections because of its activity against most of the oral pathogens. However, the growing resistance of these bacteria to penicillin limits the use of this drug. The administration of antimicrobial therapy is an essential part of the ...
Bacteriological Profile of Wound Infection and
Bacteriological Profile of Wound Infection and

... Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com ...
What is INCONTINENCE
What is INCONTINENCE

... FOR PEOPLE WITH INCONTINENCE! With professional help, incontinence is a problem which can be treated and managed – even cured. ...
June 10, 2013
June 10, 2013

IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS)
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS)

... swabs were collected, cultured and their susceptibility to various antibiotics was determined. Out of 200 samples examined,148(74%) had one form of microbial organism or the other, ranging from bacteria to fungi;bacteria making up to 104 of the isolates while 44 isolates were of fungal infection. Fi ...
Review series on helminths, immune modulation
Review series on helminths, immune modulation

... IL-10 is induced by several infectious agents and not only plays a role in delaying or inhibiting the host immune response but also in limiting tissue pathology.30,33–35 Its importance is underscored by the fact that surrogate IL-10 is encoded by some viruses. Exogenous administration of IL-10 has b ...
Salmonella
Salmonella

... do not require treatment other than oral fluids  Persons with severe diarrhea may require rehydration with intravenous fluids  Antibiotics, such as ampicillin, trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole, or ciprofloxacin, are not usually necessary unless the infection spreads from the intestines  Some Salmonel ...
Conjunctivitis - Eye Surgical
Conjunctivitis - Eye Surgical

... Regardless of the type, conjunctivitis requires medical attention. For mild cases of allergic conjunctivitis, we will prescribe cool compresses and artificial tears to relieve the discomfort. For more severe cases, we may prescribe non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications and antihistamines. If b ...
URINE SPECIFIC GRAVITY THE MOST
URINE SPECIFIC GRAVITY THE MOST

... However, this is not possible with the urine specific gravity (and many of the other values of the urinalysis). Why? Because kidneys function to maintain plasma osmolality within a very narrow range. They do so by concentrating or diluting glomerular filtrate. Consequently, a low urine specific grav ...
I  R C
I R C

... to decrease HAI occurrence. Despite infection control practices surrounding cleaning techniques by hospital personnel, bacteria can remain latent on inanimate surfaces such as door knobs, identification badges, stethoscopes, bath basins, sharps containers, tourniquets,5-11 and electrocardiographic l ...
Urinary Bladder
Urinary Bladder

Immune Response in Infections Caused by Helminthes
Immune Response in Infections Caused by Helminthes

... spp. intraluminal presence of Ascaris spp. in the intestine) (7-11). Intermitent licking of the fluid from echinoccocous cyst can lead to the transient eosinophilia associated with hypersensitive reaction type 1 (anafilactic reaction). Prolonged hypereosinophilia is present in strongiloidosis, filar ...
Nosocomial Infection in Burn Unit of Cipto
Nosocomial Infection in Burn Unit of Cipto

... resistant to others. Cross-resistance and genetic loci are important factors in this problem. The length of hospitalization is another factor to drug resistance in bacteria. Although there were similarity between the culture swab of the wound and the microbial in the environmental Burn Unit, it coul ...
Teaching of Clean Intermittent Self
Teaching of Clean Intermittent Self

... the literature over the efficacy and compliance with the cleansing techniques. The gold standard in hospital and residential settings remains a new sterile catheter, because of the risk of cross-infection. Available data on CISC does not provide convincing evidence that single or multiple use is sup ...
Vestibular neuritis and labyrinthitis
Vestibular neuritis and labyrinthitis

... resulting from a systemic virus such as influenza (‘the flu’) or the herpes viruses, which causes chickenpox, shingles and cold sores. Bacterial labyrinthitis can originate from an untreated middle ear infection, or in rare cases, as a result of meningitis. The infections that cause vestibular neuri ...
FLUID, PLEURAL FLUID AND SYNOVIAL FLUID AT KENYATTA
FLUID, PLEURAL FLUID AND SYNOVIAL FLUID AT KENYATTA

... An antimicrobial is an agent that kills microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses or fungi, or suppresses their multiplication or growth. Antibiotic susceptibility is the inhibition of growth or killing of bacteria by use of antibiotics. Acquisition of Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is resistance of ...
urinary system
urinary system

... 4. Maintenance of a relatively constant glomerular filtration rate is important because reabsorption of water and solutes depends on how quickly filtrate flows through the tubules. CONTROL OF GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE (GFR) 1. Normal GFR is approximately 125ml/minute (70 kg adult male, both kidneys ...
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Urinary tract infection



A urinary tract infection (UTI), also known as acute cystitis or bladder infection, is an infection that affects part of the urinary tract. When it affects the lower urinary tract it is known as a simple cystitis (a bladder infection) and when it affects the upper urinary tract it is known as pyelonephritis (a kidney infection). Symptoms from a lower urinary tract include painful urination and either frequent urination or urge to urinate (or both); while the symptoms of pyelonephritis include fever and flank pain in addition to the symptoms of a lower UTI. In some cases, a painful burning sensation in the urethra may be present even when not urinating. In the elderly and the very young, symptoms may be vague or non-specific. The main causal agent of both types is Escherichia coli, though other bacteria, viruses or fungi may rarely be the cause.Urinary tract infections occur more commonly in women than men, with half of women having at least one infection at some point in their lives. Recurrences are common. Risk factors include female anatomy, sexual intercourse and family history. Pyelonephritis, if it occurs, usually follows a bladder infection but may also result from a blood-borne infection. Diagnosis in young healthy women can be based on symptoms alone. In those with vague symptoms, diagnosis can be difficult because bacteria may be present without there being an infection. In complicated cases or if treatment has failed, a urine culture may be useful. In those with frequent infections, low dose antibiotics may be taken as a preventative measure.In uncomplicated cases, urinary tract infections are easily treated with a short course of antibiotics, although resistance to many of the antibiotics used to treat this condition is increasing. In complicated cases, a longer course or intravenous antibiotics may be needed, and if symptoms have not improved in two or three days, further diagnostic testing is needed. In women, urinary tract infections are the most common form of bacterial infection with 10% developing urinary tract infections yearly. In those who have bacteria or white blood cells in their urine but have no symptoms, antibiotics are generally not needed, although pregnant women are an exception to this recommendation.
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