General Relativity, Black Holes, and Cosmology
... 2.12 Torsion-free covariant derivative 2.13 Mathematical aside: What if there is no metric? 2.14 Coordinate 4-velocity 2.15 Geodesic equation 2.16 Coordinate 4-momentum 2.17 Affine parameter 2.18 Affine distance 2.19 Riemann tensor 2.20 Ricci tensor, Ricci scalar 2.21 Einstein tensor 2.22 Bianchi id ...
... 2.12 Torsion-free covariant derivative 2.13 Mathematical aside: What if there is no metric? 2.14 Coordinate 4-velocity 2.15 Geodesic equation 2.16 Coordinate 4-momentum 2.17 Affine parameter 2.18 Affine distance 2.19 Riemann tensor 2.20 Ricci tensor, Ricci scalar 2.21 Einstein tensor 2.22 Bianchi id ...
Foundations of nonlinear gyrokinetic theory - Academics
... 共Northrop and Teller, 1960兲 that the stability and longevity of Earth’s radiation belts was due to the adiabatic invariance of the three actions 共Jg , Jb , Jd兲, where the drift action Jd ⬅ 共e / c兲⌽B is defined in terms of the magnetic flux ⌽B enclosed by the bounce-averaged precession motion of magn ...
... 共Northrop and Teller, 1960兲 that the stability and longevity of Earth’s radiation belts was due to the adiabatic invariance of the three actions 共Jg , Jb , Jd兲, where the drift action Jd ⬅ 共e / c兲⌽B is defined in terms of the magnetic flux ⌽B enclosed by the bounce-averaged precession motion of magn ...
Nonlocal optical response in metallic nanostructures
... progress is also possible with the hydrodynamic approach. Many of these properties in the hydrodynamic approach are beneficial in the theoretical studies of generic plasmonic systems with large (>10 nm) feature sizes. The aim of this Topical Review is to give a comprehensive overview of the real-spa ...
... progress is also possible with the hydrodynamic approach. Many of these properties in the hydrodynamic approach are beneficial in the theoretical studies of generic plasmonic systems with large (>10 nm) feature sizes. The aim of this Topical Review is to give a comprehensive overview of the real-spa ...
Theory of solvation in polar nematics - Matyushov Lab
... the size of the solvent molecules. Second, it is not clear if dielectric response of a liquid crystal to the solute electric field can in principle be represented by a single quantity, the dielectric constant, in particular, close to the isotropicnematic phase transition. The approach we propose in ...
... the size of the solvent molecules. Second, it is not clear if dielectric response of a liquid crystal to the solute electric field can in principle be represented by a single quantity, the dielectric constant, in particular, close to the isotropicnematic phase transition. The approach we propose in ...
Resource Letter EM-1: Electromagnetic Momentum
... But the notion that fields carry momentum leads to several intriguing problems, some of which are not entirely resolved after more than a century of debate. (1) For a point charge q in an external field represented by the vector potential A, the electromagnetic momentum is qA. This suggests that A c ...
... But the notion that fields carry momentum leads to several intriguing problems, some of which are not entirely resolved after more than a century of debate. (1) For a point charge q in an external field represented by the vector potential A, the electromagnetic momentum is qA. This suggests that A c ...
Energy and Mass in Relativity Theory (321 Pages)
... has to look down from the standpoint of higher, advanced knowledge. In the case of relativity this standpoint - the vantage ground of truth - was found by Minkowski, who united time t and space r into a single four-dimensional world. Similarly, E I c2 and pic are united in a four-dimensional vector, ...
... has to look down from the standpoint of higher, advanced knowledge. In the case of relativity this standpoint - the vantage ground of truth - was found by Minkowski, who united time t and space r into a single four-dimensional world. Similarly, E I c2 and pic are united in a four-dimensional vector, ...
DYNAMO THEORY Chris A. Jones
... Now from (1.4.9d) n × E is continuous across the boundary, but σ may well not be. At a no-slip boundary, u = 0 so then the ratio of the tangential current across the boundary is just the ratio of the conductivities. In general, the continuity conditions on the normal derivatives of B will involve th ...
... Now from (1.4.9d) n × E is continuous across the boundary, but σ may well not be. At a no-slip boundary, u = 0 so then the ratio of the tangential current across the boundary is just the ratio of the conductivities. In general, the continuity conditions on the normal derivatives of B will involve th ...
Gauge symmetries in Quantum Gravity and String Theory
... This thesis explores the spectrum of states charged under global and gauge symmetries in String Theory, and the constraints that they pose on specific phenomenological models. On one hand, we use supercritical theories (those with more than 10 or 26 dimensions) to embed discrete gauge symmetries of ...
... This thesis explores the spectrum of states charged under global and gauge symmetries in String Theory, and the constraints that they pose on specific phenomenological models. On one hand, we use supercritical theories (those with more than 10 or 26 dimensions) to embed discrete gauge symmetries of ...
Modelling of Controlled Source Electromagnetic Data Lars Ole Løseth
... the fundamental relation between electricity and magnetism, and furthermore Ampère’s explanation of Ørsted’s findings (Hofmann, 2006). Darrigol (2000) presents a review of the development of electrodynamics in the 19th century, e.g., Ampère’s formulations, Faraday’s field concept, Maxwell’s equati ...
... the fundamental relation between electricity and magnetism, and furthermore Ampère’s explanation of Ørsted’s findings (Hofmann, 2006). Darrigol (2000) presents a review of the development of electrodynamics in the 19th century, e.g., Ampère’s formulations, Faraday’s field concept, Maxwell’s equati ...
Tesis Doctoral
... The magnetotelluric (MT) method is a passive exploration technique that aims at estimating the resistivity distribution of the Earth’s subsurface, and therefore at providing an image of it. This process is divided into two different steps. The first one consists in recording the data. In a second st ...
... The magnetotelluric (MT) method is a passive exploration technique that aims at estimating the resistivity distribution of the Earth’s subsurface, and therefore at providing an image of it. This process is divided into two different steps. The first one consists in recording the data. In a second st ...
Development and test of a controlled source MT method
... introduced by Turberg et. al. (1994), uses the electric and magnetic fields of artificial transmitters far off the measuring site in the frequency range from about 16 kHz up to 240 kHz. These sources are powerful communication transmitters for submarines in the very low frequency range (VLF) from 10 ...
... introduced by Turberg et. al. (1994), uses the electric and magnetic fields of artificial transmitters far off the measuring site in the frequency range from about 16 kHz up to 240 kHz. These sources are powerful communication transmitters for submarines in the very low frequency range (VLF) from 10 ...
exact time-dependent density functional and Floquet theory
... The dynamics of non-relativistic microscopic particles are governed by the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE). The analytical solution of the TDSE for a many-body, N-particle system is in general unknown. Numerically, the TDSE can be solved for a many-body system with only very few constitu ...
... The dynamics of non-relativistic microscopic particles are governed by the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE). The analytical solution of the TDSE for a many-body, N-particle system is in general unknown. Numerically, the TDSE can be solved for a many-body system with only very few constitu ...
Andersen_03
... range. But if I now superimpose another transmitter's beam onto the same target at exactly the same frequency, coming from the same direction but 180 degrees out-of-phase with respect to the first transmitter's beam, what then? Do we not have 2,000 watts of power being focused onto that target? Is ...
... range. But if I now superimpose another transmitter's beam onto the same target at exactly the same frequency, coming from the same direction but 180 degrees out-of-phase with respect to the first transmitter's beam, what then? Do we not have 2,000 watts of power being focused onto that target? Is ...
Files on Scalar Electromagnetics
... range. But if I now superimpose another transmitter's beam onto the same target at exactly the same frequency, coming from the same direction but 180 degrees out-of-phase with respect to the first transmitter's beam, what then? Do we not have 2,000 watts of power being focused onto that target? Is ...
... range. But if I now superimpose another transmitter's beam onto the same target at exactly the same frequency, coming from the same direction but 180 degrees out-of-phase with respect to the first transmitter's beam, what then? Do we not have 2,000 watts of power being focused onto that target? Is ...
An introduction to lattice gauge theory and spin systems
... to a local symmetry of his new theory's action. He realized that such a model could undergo phase transitions, but they could not be accompanied by a spontanThe absence of a local magnetizaeous magnetization. tion challenged him to find a sensible way to label the phases of the theory. Wegner stress ...
... to a local symmetry of his new theory's action. He realized that such a model could undergo phase transitions, but they could not be accompanied by a spontanThe absence of a local magnetizaeous magnetization. tion challenged him to find a sensible way to label the phases of the theory. Wegner stress ...
atomic physics (phys4011) lecture notes
... II. Atoms in electric fields: the Stark effect A. Non-Degenerate perturbation theory (PT) 1. Comments B. Degenerate Perturbation Theory C. Effect on excited states: the linear Stark effect ...
... II. Atoms in electric fields: the Stark effect A. Non-Degenerate perturbation theory (PT) 1. Comments B. Degenerate Perturbation Theory C. Effect on excited states: the linear Stark effect ...
Mathematical Models for Charged Particle Diffusion and Transport
... We note that a mathematical analysis of the Liouville equation from a semigroup point of view in L2 spaces is done in [55]. Two main problems arise in the study of the Liouville equation for an ensemble of many particle interacting: • Models for the driving force F are not readily available. • The d ...
... We note that a mathematical analysis of the Liouville equation from a semigroup point of view in L2 spaces is done in [55]. Two main problems arise in the study of the Liouville equation for an ensemble of many particle interacting: • Models for the driving force F are not readily available. • The d ...