Viruses, Prions, and Viroids Notes
... A) Example: blood test for HIV/AIDS I. Treatment 1. In many cases you can only treat the symptoms 2. Antibiotics are ineffective against viruses 3. Many drugs aim to block the viral replication by disrupting host cell structure/function A) Often cause a number of adverse side effects 4. Interferon i ...
... A) Example: blood test for HIV/AIDS I. Treatment 1. In many cases you can only treat the symptoms 2. Antibiotics are ineffective against viruses 3. Many drugs aim to block the viral replication by disrupting host cell structure/function A) Often cause a number of adverse side effects 4. Interferon i ...
Mrs. Paparella September 11, 2015 Lemon Juice Disinfects Against
... They are going to study whether the citric acid could reduce symptoms in people already infected with noroviruses. Citrate disinfectants could be routinely used to prevent spread of the disease. ...
... They are going to study whether the citric acid could reduce symptoms in people already infected with noroviruses. Citrate disinfectants could be routinely used to prevent spread of the disease. ...
12 Filoviruses
... • polymerizes with vRNA into a spiral tube • VP35 - nonstructural • Type 1 interferon antagonist • Inhibits interferon response elements found in the promoters of many antiviral genes Suppresses the pathway regulated by dsRNA-dependent protein kinase PKR VP40 - matrix protein GP - glycoprotein spike ...
... • polymerizes with vRNA into a spiral tube • VP35 - nonstructural • Type 1 interferon antagonist • Inhibits interferon response elements found in the promoters of many antiviral genes Suppresses the pathway regulated by dsRNA-dependent protein kinase PKR VP40 - matrix protein GP - glycoprotein spike ...
Viruses
... 2. They do, however, contain all the necessary to direct metabolic processes 3. They are often classified as infectious particles rather than microorganisms B. Medical considerations 1. Target cells A) Viruses interact and infect B) Nearly every cell in the body is susceptible to at least one virus ...
... 2. They do, however, contain all the necessary to direct metabolic processes 3. They are often classified as infectious particles rather than microorganisms B. Medical considerations 1. Target cells A) Viruses interact and infect B) Nearly every cell in the body is susceptible to at least one virus ...
Immunity to Viruses
... 4. Some immune operations involve the cooperation of both innate and adaptive components ...
... 4. Some immune operations involve the cooperation of both innate and adaptive components ...
Ebola virus: The role of macrophages and dendritic cells in the
... to phosphorylation of IRF-3 and its translocation to the nucleus (Basler and Palese, 2004; Hartman, Towner, & Nichol, 2004). Preliminary findings suggest that a second viral protein, VP24, contributes to this process by blocking responses to exogenous IFN (Basler and Palese, 2004). Such inhibition w ...
... to phosphorylation of IRF-3 and its translocation to the nucleus (Basler and Palese, 2004; Hartman, Towner, & Nichol, 2004). Preliminary findings suggest that a second viral protein, VP24, contributes to this process by blocking responses to exogenous IFN (Basler and Palese, 2004). Such inhibition w ...
Interferon
Interferons (IFNs) are a group of signaling proteins made and released by host cells in response to the presence of several pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria, parasites, and also tumor cells. In a typical scenario, a virus-infected cell will release interferons causing nearby cells to heighten their anti-viral defenses.IFNs belong to the large class of proteins known as cytokines, molecules used for communication between cells to trigger the protective defenses of the immune system that help eradicate pathogens. Interferons are named for their ability to ""interfere"" with viral replication by protecting cells from virus infections. IFNs also have various other functions: they activate immune cells, such as natural killer cells and macrophages; they increase host defenses by up-regulating antigen presentation by virtue of increasing the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens. Certain symptoms of infections, such as fever, muscle pain and ""flu-like symptoms"", are also caused by the production of IFNs and other cytokines.More than twenty distinct IFN genes and proteins have been identified in animals, including humans. They are typically divided among three classes: Type I IFN, Type II IFN, and Type III IFN. IFNs belonging to all three classes are important for fighting viral infections and for the regulation of the immune system.