Pediatric Cardiology - The American Board of Pediatrics
... the purpose of developing in-training, certification, and maintenance of certification examinations. The outline defines the body of knowledge from which the Subboard samples to prepare its examinations. The content specification statements located under each category of the outline are used by item ...
... the purpose of developing in-training, certification, and maintenance of certification examinations. The outline defines the body of knowledge from which the Subboard samples to prepare its examinations. The content specification statements located under each category of the outline are used by item ...
Collagenous Colitis and Lymphocytic Colitis
... Inflammatory bowel disease is the general name for diseases that cause inflammation in the intestines, most often referring to Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Collagenous colitis and lymphocytic colitis are two other types of bowel inflammation that affect the colon. The colon is a tube-shap ...
... Inflammatory bowel disease is the general name for diseases that cause inflammation in the intestines, most often referring to Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Collagenous colitis and lymphocytic colitis are two other types of bowel inflammation that affect the colon. The colon is a tube-shap ...
LEAD TOXICITY - DeLima Associates
... blood lead levels (BLLs), has declined significantly since the 1970s. Average BLLs for children have dropped more than 80% over this time period (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] 1997a). In 1984, 17% of children in the United States were estimated to be at risk of lead poisoning, whe ...
... blood lead levels (BLLs), has declined significantly since the 1970s. Average BLLs for children have dropped more than 80% over this time period (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] 1997a). In 1984, 17% of children in the United States were estimated to be at risk of lead poisoning, whe ...
Facilitating Weight Tolerance Among Health and Fitness Majors
... In 2000, obesity was formally recognized as a universal epidemic with significant health implications, as stated by the World Health Organization (WHO). As a result, schools, workplaces, communities, and a few food corporations began to implement various obesity awareness and prevention initiatives ...
... In 2000, obesity was formally recognized as a universal epidemic with significant health implications, as stated by the World Health Organization (WHO). As a result, schools, workplaces, communities, and a few food corporations began to implement various obesity awareness and prevention initiatives ...
Tobacco Use and Dependence, General References
... Ferreira-Borges C. Effectiveness of a brief counseling and behavioral intervention for smoking cessation in pregnant women. Prev Med 2005;41:295-302. Fiore MC, Jorenby DE, Schensky AE, et al. Smoking status as the new vital sign: effect on assessment and intervention in patients who smoke. Mayo Clin ...
... Ferreira-Borges C. Effectiveness of a brief counseling and behavioral intervention for smoking cessation in pregnant women. Prev Med 2005;41:295-302. Fiore MC, Jorenby DE, Schensky AE, et al. Smoking status as the new vital sign: effect on assessment and intervention in patients who smoke. Mayo Clin ...
Drug use in pregnancy Fokaline Vroom
... disease, can I take drugs while I am pregnant and can I take care of my child with this disease?’ are just a few of the dilemmas women have to deal with. Clinicians and their patients have to discuss their options, using guidelines, information leaflets and experience. However, in many cases the ava ...
... disease, can I take drugs while I am pregnant and can I take care of my child with this disease?’ are just a few of the dilemmas women have to deal with. Clinicians and their patients have to discuss their options, using guidelines, information leaflets and experience. However, in many cases the ava ...
Dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever
... infections.7,10–12 Infants and young children may have an undifferentiated febrile disease with a maculopapular rash. Older children and adults may have either a mild febrile syndrome or the classical and even incapacitating disease. Skin eruptions are reported in over 50% of laboratoryconfirmed den ...
... infections.7,10–12 Infants and young children may have an undifferentiated febrile disease with a maculopapular rash. Older children and adults may have either a mild febrile syndrome or the classical and even incapacitating disease. Skin eruptions are reported in over 50% of laboratoryconfirmed den ...
The benefits of early diagnosis and intervention World Alzheimer Report 2011
... documented in primary care. This ‘treatment gap’ is certainly much greater in low and middle income countries, with one study in India suggesting 90% remain unidentified. If these statistics are extrapolated to other countries worldwide, it suggests that approximately 28 million of the 36 million pe ...
... documented in primary care. This ‘treatment gap’ is certainly much greater in low and middle income countries, with one study in India suggesting 90% remain unidentified. If these statistics are extrapolated to other countries worldwide, it suggests that approximately 28 million of the 36 million pe ...
Placebo effects: clinical aspects and neurobiology
... resulting in improvement that are unrelated to an active alteration of outcome measures, e.g. natural history, regression to the mean (McDonald and Mazzuca, 1983), Hawthorne effect (Bouchet et al., 1996) and poor experimental designs such as subject biases (Clayden et al., 1974) or the purported ine ...
... resulting in improvement that are unrelated to an active alteration of outcome measures, e.g. natural history, regression to the mean (McDonald and Mazzuca, 1983), Hawthorne effect (Bouchet et al., 1996) and poor experimental designs such as subject biases (Clayden et al., 1974) or the purported ine ...
- EBioMedicine
... Background: Xerostomia is a chief complaint of patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS). However, newer proposals for SS classification remove xerostomia and hyposalivation from the criteria list. Given these developments and the importance of patient-centered research outcomes, we sought to evaluate th ...
... Background: Xerostomia is a chief complaint of patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS). However, newer proposals for SS classification remove xerostomia and hyposalivation from the criteria list. Given these developments and the importance of patient-centered research outcomes, we sought to evaluate th ...
Guidelines for the identification and management of substance use
... GLOSSARY OF TERMS USED IN THESE GUIDELINES Abstinence Refraining from alcohol or drug use. The term “abstinence” should not be confused with the term “abstinence syndrome”, which refers to a withdrawal syndrome. ...
... GLOSSARY OF TERMS USED IN THESE GUIDELINES Abstinence Refraining from alcohol or drug use. The term “abstinence” should not be confused with the term “abstinence syndrome”, which refers to a withdrawal syndrome. ...
Guide to the Elimination of Clostridium difficile in Healthcare Settings
... To understand the chain of events involved in CDI, it is helpful to begin with an overview of the organism and how it affects an individual. A review of the pathogenesis and the changing epidemiology of C. difficile provide insight into points where preventive interventions can best be targeted. Clo ...
... To understand the chain of events involved in CDI, it is helpful to begin with an overview of the organism and how it affects an individual. A review of the pathogenesis and the changing epidemiology of C. difficile provide insight into points where preventive interventions can best be targeted. Clo ...
Measles Elimination in Thailand - World Health Organization, South
... Epidemiologic surveillance is an important measure for following disease trends, to identify subgroups of the population who are at a high-risk, and to promptly detect disease outbreaks. Disease surveillance has to be rapidly implemented and accurately reported. Currently, disease surveillance in Th ...
... Epidemiologic surveillance is an important measure for following disease trends, to identify subgroups of the population who are at a high-risk, and to promptly detect disease outbreaks. Disease surveillance has to be rapidly implemented and accurately reported. Currently, disease surveillance in Th ...
The message from the World Asthma Meeting WORKING GROUP REPORT
... particular, there is a risk of selection bias due to the nonrandom entry of subjects into the study base. Furthermore, the classification of disease states may not be as rigorous as is required for research purposes leading to a risk of misclassification bias. Finally, the main limitation for risk f ...
... particular, there is a risk of selection bias due to the nonrandom entry of subjects into the study base. Furthermore, the classification of disease states may not be as rigorous as is required for research purposes leading to a risk of misclassification bias. Finally, the main limitation for risk f ...
Determining Evidence-based Practices in Asthma
... asthma control. A second aim focuses on determining which asthma interventions, selfmonitoring tools and asthma management programs have shown to be the most significant in improving outcomes in patients with asthma. Recommendations will be made to future asthma self-management programs based on the ...
... asthma control. A second aim focuses on determining which asthma interventions, selfmonitoring tools and asthma management programs have shown to be the most significant in improving outcomes in patients with asthma. Recommendations will be made to future asthma self-management programs based on the ...
Friday or Poster Session - International Society for Traumatic Stress
... 2007) software. We tested predictions about the links between word use and symptoms, social support, and relationship disruption. For example, past verb tense usage was negatively related to symptoms that involve avoidance. Drawing on theories about the function of symptoms, we demonstrated that dif ...
... 2007) software. We tested predictions about the links between word use and symptoms, social support, and relationship disruption. For example, past verb tense usage was negatively related to symptoms that involve avoidance. Drawing on theories about the function of symptoms, we demonstrated that dif ...
Structured management of patients with suspected acute appendicitis
... Swedish hospitals. In study III we externally validated and evaluated the impact of an AIR-scorebased algorithm assigning patients to a low or high risk of having appendicitis in an interventional multicentre study involving 25 Swedish hospitals and 3791 patients. In study IV, we compared the effici ...
... Swedish hospitals. In study III we externally validated and evaluated the impact of an AIR-scorebased algorithm assigning patients to a low or high risk of having appendicitis in an interventional multicentre study involving 25 Swedish hospitals and 3791 patients. In study IV, we compared the effici ...
Pathogen Genomics Into Practice
... All clinically and epidemiologically meaningful information derived from pathogen genomes depends on our ability to compare them to other genomic data e.g. a pathogen genome isolated from a patient with the same disease. Equally it depends on our ability to combine the genomic data about a pathogen ...
... All clinically and epidemiologically meaningful information derived from pathogen genomes depends on our ability to compare them to other genomic data e.g. a pathogen genome isolated from a patient with the same disease. Equally it depends on our ability to combine the genomic data about a pathogen ...
Rheumatoid Arthritis
... 50-75% of individuals with RA do not visit their GP until their symptoms have been present for more than three months. They also suggest that around 20% of rheumatoid arthritis suffers wait over a year before first seeking medical help. Delays also occur once an individual has presented to their GP. ...
... 50-75% of individuals with RA do not visit their GP until their symptoms have been present for more than three months. They also suggest that around 20% of rheumatoid arthritis suffers wait over a year before first seeking medical help. Delays also occur once an individual has presented to their GP. ...
Antibiotic prophylaxis for preventing burn wound infection
... The International Society for Burn Injuries defines a burn as an injury to the skin or other organic tissue caused by thermal trauma (Latarjet 1995). A skin burn is the destruction of some, or all, of the different layers of cells in the skin by a hot liquid (scald), a hot solid (contact burn), or a ...
... The International Society for Burn Injuries defines a burn as an injury to the skin or other organic tissue caused by thermal trauma (Latarjet 1995). A skin burn is the destruction of some, or all, of the different layers of cells in the skin by a hot liquid (scald), a hot solid (contact burn), or a ...
Otezla - Celgene
... to ensure disease control (Gladman, 2001; Mease, 2005a). Current therapies do not always adequately control the disease in all patients. Ultimately, most therapies fail to maintain clinical disease control over time. An unmet medical need for new treatments remains high, especially for therapies tha ...
... to ensure disease control (Gladman, 2001; Mease, 2005a). Current therapies do not always adequately control the disease in all patients. Ultimately, most therapies fail to maintain clinical disease control over time. An unmet medical need for new treatments remains high, especially for therapies tha ...
Update on Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in
... prevalent retinopathy (11–15). In one of the few prospective studies of retinopathy, an analysis of data from a large Japanese population showed that individuals with an A1c of $6.5% had an elevated risk of newly developed retinopathy during 3 years of follow-up compared with those with A1c values i ...
... prevalent retinopathy (11–15). In one of the few prospective studies of retinopathy, an analysis of data from a large Japanese population showed that individuals with an A1c of $6.5% had an elevated risk of newly developed retinopathy during 3 years of follow-up compared with those with A1c values i ...
Epidemiology
Epidemiology is the study of the patterns, causes, and effects of health and disease conditions in defined populations. It is the cornerstone of public health, and shapes policy decisions and evidence-based practice by identifying risk factors for disease and targets for preventive healthcare. Epidemiologists help with study design, collection, and statistical analysis of data, and interpretation and dissemination of results (including peer review and occasional systematic review). Epidemiology has helped develop methodology used in clinical research, public health studies, and, to a lesser extent, basic research in the biological sciences.Major areas of epidemiological study include disease etiology, transmission, outbreak investigation, disease surveillance and screening, biomonitoring, and comparisons of treatment effects such as in clinical trials. Epidemiologists rely on other scientific disciplines like biology to better understand disease processes, statistics to make efficient use of the data and draw appropriate conclusions, social sciences to understand proximate and distal causes better, and engineering for exposure assessment.