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Mycoplasma Is An Overlooked Lyme Co
Mycoplasma Is An Overlooked Lyme Co

... to detect its presence in a throat swab. These tests, available in some doctor’s offices, take about ten minutes and provide reliable results but are very expensive. 4. The PCR test (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is considered the most reliable blood test for Mycoplasma, but will not reveal the bacteri ...
Fractional exhaled nitric oxide for the management of asthma in adults:
Fractional exhaled nitric oxide for the management of asthma in adults:

... to estimate a summary measure of effect on relevant outcomes using the methods documented in the Cochrane Handbook [22, 23]. For rate outcomes, rates per person year were the preferred outcome metric, as this accounts for multiple events in a single patient. The generic inverse variance method was u ...
P RISM Readability Toolkit P R I S M
P RISM Readability Toolkit P R I S M

... Using this Toolkit will help research teams more easily develop consent forms and other participant materials using “plain language.” Plain language is communication (either written or spoken) that an audience can understand the first time they read or hear it. It is clear, concise, and straight-for ...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Part I:  Ulcerative Colitis Review
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Part I: Ulcerative Colitis Review

... condition appears to be related to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. While conventional treatments can be effective in maintaining remission and decreasing the length of active disease periods, the treatments are not without side effects, and a significant number of people sufferin ...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Part I
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Part I

... condition appears to be related to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. While conventional treatments can be effective in maintaining remission and decreasing the length of active disease periods, the treatments are not without side effects, and a significant number of people sufferin ...
Ontario Burden of Infectious Disease Study
Ontario Burden of Infectious Disease Study

... and hospital infection control. These are vital public health programs. In general, vaccine-preventable diseases have very low remaining burden of illness precisely because the programs are so successful. Furthermore, several of the infections which we identified as having significant burden are als ...
Extract from the Clinical Evaluation Report for Ceftaroline fosamil
Extract from the Clinical Evaluation Report for Ceftaroline fosamil

... disclaimer notices as part of that reproduction. Apart from rights to use as permitted by the Copyright Act 1968 or allowed by this copyright notice, all other rights are reserved and you are not allowed to reproduce the whole or any part of this work in any way (electronic or otherwise) without fir ...
Pertussis (June 2010) - BC Centre for Disease Control
Pertussis (June 2010) - BC Centre for Disease Control

... Collect nasopharyngeal swab sample as per “Pertussis Collection Kit” instructions or nasopharyngeal wash. For information regarding sample collection, refer to the BCCDC Public Health Microbiology and Reference Library’s Guide to Programs and Services available at http://www.phsa.ca/NR/rdonlyres/D63 ...
Herpes Zoster Involving Penis and Scrotum
Herpes Zoster Involving Penis and Scrotum

... In patients with penile Herpes zoster, the main differential diagnosis is zosteriform Herpes simplex infection. Though the differentiation based on visual inspection of the lesions alone may at times be difficult, rash on the thigh and non-recurrent nature of the rash go against Herpes simplex in th ...
PhD Thesis ASSESSMENT OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
PhD Thesis ASSESSMENT OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

... The evaluation of surveillance systems should promote the best use of public health resources by ensuring that only important problems are under surveillance and that surveillance systems operate efficiently. As far as possible, the evaluation of surveillance systems should include recommendations f ...
Extract from the Clinical Evaluation Report for Elosulfase alfa (rch)
Extract from the Clinical Evaluation Report for Elosulfase alfa (rch)

... Second round benefit-risk assessment ___________________________ 72 12.1. Second round assessment of benefits _____________________________________ 72 12.2. Second round assessment of risks ________________________________________ 72 12.3. Second round assessment of benefit-risk balance ____________ ...
Clinical Study Protocol
Clinical Study Protocol

... inflammation, wasting and stress (van Wyk & Gericke, 2000). The medicinal value of the plant has been ascribed to a number of the significant constituents of this phytotherapy, including pinitol, -amino butyric acid (GABA), asparagine, sugaryl (SU1) and also L-canavanine. Pinitol, which is a known ...
Antibiotics for community acquired lower respiratory tract infections
Antibiotics for community acquired lower respiratory tract infections

... Retrieval of studies: From the title, abstract or descriptions, we independently reviewed literature searches to identify potentially relevant trials for full review. Searches of bibliographies and texts were conducted to identify additional studies. From the full text using specific criteria, we in ...
Dermatitis : occupational aspects of
Dermatitis : occupational aspects of

... Bioengineering measure Measurements indicative of skin integrity. These include skin electrical impedance, trans-epidermal water loss and chromametry. Cohort study Cohort studies compare a group of people who are exposed to a risk factor (or factors) of interest with a comparison group who are not e ...
Acute Renal Failure
Acute Renal Failure

... Mortality from very low to very high ...
from anonymity to notoriety.
from anonymity to notoriety.

... 50% to 90%. Although first reported in 1976, it only emerged in the public consciousness in the early 1990s. This work explains the reasons behind this sudden change, and examines the modifications that arose in the transition from scientific texts to popular articles. My analysis reveals that this ...
Circulation - MD/PHD Program
Circulation - MD/PHD Program

... failure (CHF) or sudden cardiac death, and cardiac transplantation. Transplantation is commonly combined with death as a poor outcome because it is assumed to be performed in ...
Provenge, Common name - Autologous peripheral blood
Provenge, Common name - Autologous peripheral blood

... daily should be offered to improve overall survival, disease control, symptom palliation and quality of life. A randomized study in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer comparing docetaxel administered every 3 weeks to docetaxel weekly and to mitoxantrone demonstrated a 2.4 months surviva ...
Assessment report
Assessment report

... Prostate cancer is the most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths among males in most Western countries. Prostate cancer-related deaths occur as a result of complications of metastatic disease. In 2008, 393,793 European men were diagnosed with prostate cancer and over 94,350 pa ...
TrialNet New Protocol –
TrialNet New Protocol –

... differ between those treated with ATG and GCSF or ATG alone as compared with placebo. ...
Management of Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis: Joint ECCO
Management of Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis: Joint ECCO

... colectomy rate at 10 years, as compared with 20% in adults (4,5), although rates as low as 10% also have been reported in other pediatric studies (6,7). Approximately 25% to 30% of children with UC will require admission for an acute exacerbation before transitioning to adult care, almost twice as o ...
Cardiovascular Disease in Spinal Cord Injury
Cardiovascular Disease in Spinal Cord Injury

... Cardiovascular disease is a growing concern for the spinal cord–injured (SCI) population. For long-term SCI, morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular causes now exceeds that caused by renal and pulmonary conditions, the primary causes of mortality in previous decades. Although risk estimates comm ...
Respiratory Medicine
Respiratory Medicine

... children and 10 to 12% of adults in Australia. It is estimated that 4 million Australians have been diagnosed with asthma by a doctor or nurse at some time in their lives, equating to over 20% of Australians reporting ever having been diagnosed with asthma. It is also estimated that in adults 10% of ...
Management of Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis: Joint ECCO
Management of Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis: Joint ECCO

... colectomy rate at 10 years, as compared with 20% in adults (4,5), although rates as low as 10% also have been reported in other pediatric studies (6,7). Approximately 25% to 30% of children with UC will require admission for an acute exacerbation before transitioning to adult care, almost twice as o ...
Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease
Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease

... and kidney disease, blood pressure should be less than 130/80. You will probably need a medication called an ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) inhibitor or an ARB (angiotensin receptor blocker) to control your blood pressure. In many cases, more than one high blood pressure medicine may be needed ...
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Epidemiology



Epidemiology is the study of the patterns, causes, and effects of health and disease conditions in defined populations. It is the cornerstone of public health, and shapes policy decisions and evidence-based practice by identifying risk factors for disease and targets for preventive healthcare. Epidemiologists help with study design, collection, and statistical analysis of data, and interpretation and dissemination of results (including peer review and occasional systematic review). Epidemiology has helped develop methodology used in clinical research, public health studies, and, to a lesser extent, basic research in the biological sciences.Major areas of epidemiological study include disease etiology, transmission, outbreak investigation, disease surveillance and screening, biomonitoring, and comparisons of treatment effects such as in clinical trials. Epidemiologists rely on other scientific disciplines like biology to better understand disease processes, statistics to make efficient use of the data and draw appropriate conclusions, social sciences to understand proximate and distal causes better, and engineering for exposure assessment.
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