![Borrelia burgdorferi sp. nov.: Etiologic Agent of Lyme Disease](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/000867631_1-61b67e96365dc8589e5a6886e68077ce-300x300.png)
Borrelia burgdorferi sp. nov.: Etiologic Agent of Lyme Disease
... Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, and Division of Bacterial Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia 303332 A review of reports on the genetic and phenotypic characteristics of strains of t ...
... Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, and Division of Bacterial Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia 303332 A review of reports on the genetic and phenotypic characteristics of strains of t ...
April 2012 - Grown Up - Calculating Flow Rates
... checks of an IV should include assessing and documenting the IV flow rate, the IV site, the patient’s response to the IV, how much fluid has infused, and how much fluid remains to be infused. FLUID COMPARTMENTS AND IV FLUIDS BASICS Fluids within the body are contained in two basic compartments - int ...
... checks of an IV should include assessing and documenting the IV flow rate, the IV site, the patient’s response to the IV, how much fluid has infused, and how much fluid remains to be infused. FLUID COMPARTMENTS AND IV FLUIDS BASICS Fluids within the body are contained in two basic compartments - int ...
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria NTM: Old Bug, New Threat
... tuberculosis (TB) and M. leprae ( Hansen’s Disease or leprosy). Unlike TB and leprosy, which are primarily spread human-to-human, the NTM are believed to be acquired from the environment - hence the alternative label, “environmental mycobacteria.” ...
... tuberculosis (TB) and M. leprae ( Hansen’s Disease or leprosy). Unlike TB and leprosy, which are primarily spread human-to-human, the NTM are believed to be acquired from the environment - hence the alternative label, “environmental mycobacteria.” ...
Kawasaki disease - National Blood Authority
... Induction dose with impaired cardiac function – 2 g/kg in a divided dose. Given over 10–12 hours, unless impaired cardiac function necessitates the administration of a prolonged or divided treatment dose, usually once only. Re-treatment with 2 g/kg in a single dose may be given when there is ongoing ...
... Induction dose with impaired cardiac function – 2 g/kg in a divided dose. Given over 10–12 hours, unless impaired cardiac function necessitates the administration of a prolonged or divided treatment dose, usually once only. Re-treatment with 2 g/kg in a single dose may be given when there is ongoing ...
S. epidermidis - UTCOMClass2015
... • Exopolysaccharide layer produced by the organism (biofilm) is the major reason it causes infection on hardware – Biofilm protects S. epidermidis from host defenses such as opsonization and decreases penetration of antibiotics – some surface antigens produced by S. epidermidis may promote its adher ...
... • Exopolysaccharide layer produced by the organism (biofilm) is the major reason it causes infection on hardware – Biofilm protects S. epidermidis from host defenses such as opsonization and decreases penetration of antibiotics – some surface antigens produced by S. epidermidis may promote its adher ...
Medical Decision Modeling Inc.
... The types of models used to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of healthcare technologies are computational models Computational models represent a system in terms of logical and quantitative relationships that are manipulated to examine how the model reacts, and thus how the syst ...
... The types of models used to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of healthcare technologies are computational models Computational models represent a system in terms of logical and quantitative relationships that are manipulated to examine how the model reacts, and thus how the syst ...
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)
... In this study they evaluated the frequency of acquisition of pathogens on hands after contact with environmental surfaces near patients on 8 nursing units over a 2-week period. To assess the adequacy of hospital cleaning, specimens were obtained from single-patient rooms that had been terminally cle ...
... In this study they evaluated the frequency of acquisition of pathogens on hands after contact with environmental surfaces near patients on 8 nursing units over a 2-week period. To assess the adequacy of hospital cleaning, specimens were obtained from single-patient rooms that had been terminally cle ...
Infectious Diseases Pharmacy Practice Residency
... They are chosen for their commitment to teaching as well as clinical practice and/or research. Many have published and lectured extensively and are highly regarded in their field. You will have access to these individuals throughout your training with the opportunity to learn directly from some of t ...
... They are chosen for their commitment to teaching as well as clinical practice and/or research. Many have published and lectured extensively and are highly regarded in their field. You will have access to these individuals throughout your training with the opportunity to learn directly from some of t ...
Filoviruses: a real pandemic threat?
... pandemic threat. It has been postulated that if ever ZEBOV would cause an outbreak of significant size in a densely populated urban environment, the evolution towards an airborne variant could occur. Specifically, the argument has been put forward that a large enough epidemic would provide sufficien ...
... pandemic threat. It has been postulated that if ever ZEBOV would cause an outbreak of significant size in a densely populated urban environment, the evolution towards an airborne variant could occur. Specifically, the argument has been put forward that a large enough epidemic would provide sufficien ...
BIOLOGICAL AGENTS BULLETIN ISSUE NO. 5
... A range of laboratory tests may be required for the clinical management of patients with known or suspected CJD. This interim guidance outlines what steps should be taken when working with low risk TSE samples. This information should help to ensure that patient care is not compromised when laborato ...
... A range of laboratory tests may be required for the clinical management of patients with known or suspected CJD. This interim guidance outlines what steps should be taken when working with low risk TSE samples. This information should help to ensure that patient care is not compromised when laborato ...
HTLV-I/II Information Sheet - United Blood Services for Hospitals
... It is not known why a few people with HTLV-I/II develop disease while most do not, and there are no tests that can determine which people will become ill. There is no known way to reduce the risk of developing any of the associated diseases. You can prevent spreading or acquiring HTLV by avoid ...
... It is not known why a few people with HTLV-I/II develop disease while most do not, and there are no tests that can determine which people will become ill. There is no known way to reduce the risk of developing any of the associated diseases. You can prevent spreading or acquiring HTLV by avoid ...
PROCEDURES
... Purpose and nature or procedure/treatment Expectations of procedure/treatment Risks of procedure/treatment Alternatives to procedure/treatment and the risks/benefits of the alternatives Names of physicians involved Answer any questions Signature of patient or authorized individual ...
... Purpose and nature or procedure/treatment Expectations of procedure/treatment Risks of procedure/treatment Alternatives to procedure/treatment and the risks/benefits of the alternatives Names of physicians involved Answer any questions Signature of patient or authorized individual ...
Autoimmune Inner Ear Disease
... that must be considered are: Auditory neuropathy may appear as bilateral progressive sensorineural hearing loss. Audiometry tests including OAE and ABR may be useful in diagnosing the disease. Late-onset genetic deafness may appear in bilateral and progressive forms. However, in comparison with prog ...
... that must be considered are: Auditory neuropathy may appear as bilateral progressive sensorineural hearing loss. Audiometry tests including OAE and ABR may be useful in diagnosing the disease. Late-onset genetic deafness may appear in bilateral and progressive forms. However, in comparison with prog ...
Bacterial and viral infections
... PRECAUTIONS BEFORE AN OPERATION Many wound infections are caused by the patient’s own skin flora and many methods are used to reduce this source of contamination before operation. Evidence of their efficacy is largely lacking, but it is reasonable to allow the patient a bath or shower before surgery ...
... PRECAUTIONS BEFORE AN OPERATION Many wound infections are caused by the patient’s own skin flora and many methods are used to reduce this source of contamination before operation. Evidence of their efficacy is largely lacking, but it is reasonable to allow the patient a bath or shower before surgery ...
CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME
... As there are no effective drugs for the treatment of fatigue, medications are directed at the management of symptoms (e.g. headache, muscular pain, depression). Drugs such as analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID’s) and antidepressants are generally given on a trial basis in order ...
... As there are no effective drugs for the treatment of fatigue, medications are directed at the management of symptoms (e.g. headache, muscular pain, depression). Drugs such as analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID’s) and antidepressants are generally given on a trial basis in order ...
human African trypanosomiasis
... The drugs can be divided into those that are effective for earlystage disease, and those that cross the blood brain barrier and are therefore suitable for late-stage disease. The two key problems are that none of them can be given orally, and all of them have potentially serious adverse effects: • F ...
... The drugs can be divided into those that are effective for earlystage disease, and those that cross the blood brain barrier and are therefore suitable for late-stage disease. The two key problems are that none of them can be given orally, and all of them have potentially serious adverse effects: • F ...
Case Scenario Conf DRAFT for CME
... Cyclic neutropenia must be excluded by laboratory testing, which usually shows leukocytosis and elevated inflammatory markers There is a slight male predominance and no ethnic predilection ...
... Cyclic neutropenia must be excluded by laboratory testing, which usually shows leukocytosis and elevated inflammatory markers There is a slight male predominance and no ethnic predilection ...
Viruses - Dr Magrann
... person who sneezes, coughs, or by sharing food or drinks. You can also get it if you touch the fluid from a chickenpox blister. The infected person is highly contagious for 1-2 days before the rash appears and continue to be contagious through the first 4-5 days or until all the blisters have cruste ...
... person who sneezes, coughs, or by sharing food or drinks. You can also get it if you touch the fluid from a chickenpox blister. The infected person is highly contagious for 1-2 days before the rash appears and continue to be contagious through the first 4-5 days or until all the blisters have cruste ...
An Invitation to Health, 15th ed.
... infectious disease are animals and insects, people, food, and water. Animals and Insects Disease can be transmitted by house pets, livestock, birds, and wild animals. Insects also spread a variety of diseases. The housefly may spread dysentery, diarrhea, typhoid fever, or trachoma (an eye disease r ...
... infectious disease are animals and insects, people, food, and water. Animals and Insects Disease can be transmitted by house pets, livestock, birds, and wild animals. Insects also spread a variety of diseases. The housefly may spread dysentery, diarrhea, typhoid fever, or trachoma (an eye disease r ...
Renal Support in Hepatic Patient
... Kidney function is evaluated by assessing the GFR which can be determined by measuring the volume of plasma that can be cleared of a given substance over a timed unit of time GFR has relied on the measurement of the concentration of serum creatinine, which is associated with many problems: ...
... Kidney function is evaluated by assessing the GFR which can be determined by measuring the volume of plasma that can be cleared of a given substance over a timed unit of time GFR has relied on the measurement of the concentration of serum creatinine, which is associated with many problems: ...
in General Surgical Malpractice Cases
... However, between 20 percent and 75 percent of people have one of several anatomical variations.8 The gallbladder may be on the right or left hepatic duct. It can have an unusually short cystic duct or one of many other variations. This can lead to potential complications in gallbladder surgery. If t ...
... However, between 20 percent and 75 percent of people have one of several anatomical variations.8 The gallbladder may be on the right or left hepatic duct. It can have an unusually short cystic duct or one of many other variations. This can lead to potential complications in gallbladder surgery. If t ...
Lending Library - Crohn`s | Colitis
... with prednisone, living with an ostomy, dealing with insurance and employment, managing relationships and fertility concerns, finding emotional support and identifying resources. Author Cliff Kalibjian is an expert in the field of inflammatory bowel disorders. He was diagnosed with Crohn's disease o ...
... with prednisone, living with an ostomy, dealing with insurance and employment, managing relationships and fertility concerns, finding emotional support and identifying resources. Author Cliff Kalibjian is an expert in the field of inflammatory bowel disorders. He was diagnosed with Crohn's disease o ...
Epidemiology of Air-borne Diseases - University of Yeditepe Faculty
... seroconversion rate is 95% and the immunity lasts lifelong. • Duration of Immunity Lifelong • Schedule 2 doses • Should be administered with mumps and rubella as MMR or with mumps, rubella and varicella as MMRV. ...
... seroconversion rate is 95% and the immunity lasts lifelong. • Duration of Immunity Lifelong • Schedule 2 doses • Should be administered with mumps and rubella as MMR or with mumps, rubella and varicella as MMRV. ...
The transition from miasma to germ theory in the late nineteenth and
... they were related in some way to trypanosomes, so that both Leishman and Donovan came very near to the truth.Stewart Ranken Douglas, British bacteriologist, joined Indian Medical Service in 1898. He studied the serological grouping of vibrios. Later became Director of Bacteriological Department of t ...
... they were related in some way to trypanosomes, so that both Leishman and Donovan came very near to the truth.Stewart Ranken Douglas, British bacteriologist, joined Indian Medical Service in 1898. He studied the serological grouping of vibrios. Later became Director of Bacteriological Department of t ...
Compartmental models in epidemiology
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/SIR_model_simulated_using_python.gif?width=300)
The establishment and spread of infectious diseases is a complex phenomenon with many interacting factors, e.g., the environment in which the pathogen and hosts are situated, the population(s) it is exposed to, and the intra- and inter-dynamics of the population it is exposed to. The role of mathematical epidemiology is to model the establishment and spread of pathogens. A predominant method of doing so, is to use the notion of abstracting the population into compartments under certain assumptions, which represent their health status with respect to the pathogen in the system. One of the cornerstone works to achieve success in this method was done by Kermack and McKendrick in the early 1900s.These models are known as compartmental models in epidemiology, and serve as a base mathematical framework for understanding the complex dynamics of these systems, which hope to model the main characteristics of the system. These compartments, in the simplest case, can stratify the population into two health states: susceptible to the infection of the pathogen (often denoted by S); and infected by the pathogen (given the symbol I). The way that these compartments interact is often based upon phenomenological assumptions, and the model is built up from there. These models are usually investigated through ordinary differential equations (which are deterministic), but can also be viewed in more realistic stochastic framework (for example, the Gillespie model). To push these basic models to further realism, other compartments are often included, most notably the recovered/removed/immune compartment (denoted R).Once one is able to model an infectious pathogen with compartmental models, one can predict the various properties of the pathogen spread, for example the prevalence (total number of infected from the epidemic) and the duration of the epidemic. Also, one can understand how different situations may affect the outcome of the epidemic, e.g., what is the best technique for issuing a limited number of vaccines in a given population?