C1. Literature review Sample
... discussion and exchange of experience between doctors. The practical issues such as which test is best for screening, how to counsel patients, how to organise appointments to be most time efficient were discussed. I believe that my presentation and findings will lead to an improvement in existing pr ...
... discussion and exchange of experience between doctors. The practical issues such as which test is best for screening, how to counsel patients, how to organise appointments to be most time efficient were discussed. I believe that my presentation and findings will lead to an improvement in existing pr ...
The epidemiological behaviour of leprosy in Brazil
... using Stata 9.0 software.10 The choice of negative binomial models instead of Poisson model was due to overdispersion of the count data. The use of this statistical approach to deal with heath surveillance data is well established.11 – 12 A parabolic function of time allows for alterations in the as ...
... using Stata 9.0 software.10 The choice of negative binomial models instead of Poisson model was due to overdispersion of the count data. The use of this statistical approach to deal with heath surveillance data is well established.11 – 12 A parabolic function of time allows for alterations in the as ...
Healthcare Math: Calculating IV Flow Rates
... look at the first number to the right of the decimal point. Since this number is less than 5, the number you are rounding stays the same. Answer: 12 gtts. 12.53 In this example, the first number to the right of the decimal point is 5 or larger, so you will round up. Answer: 13 gtts. Activity 1: Task ...
... look at the first number to the right of the decimal point. Since this number is less than 5, the number you are rounding stays the same. Answer: 12 gtts. 12.53 In this example, the first number to the right of the decimal point is 5 or larger, so you will round up. Answer: 13 gtts. Activity 1: Task ...
... persons exposed to chickenpox. When given to children within 7 to 9 days after family exposure, it was 84% protective against clinical disease.20 An Australian pediatric group recommends considering oral acyclovir prophylaxis for susceptible pregnant women exposed to chickenpox who have not received ...
Staph Infections: Spotlight on MRSA This course expires on
... staphylococcal infections continued to plague healthcare facilities; staph bacteria was almost always responsible for hospital acquired infections (HAIs) (Todar, 2005). In 1968, the penicillin resistant form of staph aureus found in hospitals became known as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aure ...
... staphylococcal infections continued to plague healthcare facilities; staph bacteria was almost always responsible for hospital acquired infections (HAIs) (Todar, 2005). In 1968, the penicillin resistant form of staph aureus found in hospitals became known as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aure ...
Enteral Nutrition for Adult Patients
... – Most enteral products are lactose free but this may occur with initiation of full liquid diet. Eliminate milk and dairy products Drug-induced diarrhea – Meds may cause up to 61% of diarrhea in tubefed pts due to hypertonicity or direct laxative action (magnesium, sorbitol, potassium). Diarrhea m ...
... – Most enteral products are lactose free but this may occur with initiation of full liquid diet. Eliminate milk and dairy products Drug-induced diarrhea – Meds may cause up to 61% of diarrhea in tubefed pts due to hypertonicity or direct laxative action (magnesium, sorbitol, potassium). Diarrhea m ...
Ebola - Send a Cow
... emergencies like Ebola. • Hospitals aren’t as common, and tend to be miles away from rural areas. They don’t have anything like the NHS, and so treatment can be expensive. Did you know...? ...
... emergencies like Ebola. • Hospitals aren’t as common, and tend to be miles away from rural areas. They don’t have anything like the NHS, and so treatment can be expensive. Did you know...? ...
Ebola - The Facts
... emergencies like Ebola. • Hospitals aren’t as common, and tend to be miles away from rural areas. They don’t have anything like the NHS, and so treatment can be expensive. Did you know...? ...
... emergencies like Ebola. • Hospitals aren’t as common, and tend to be miles away from rural areas. They don’t have anything like the NHS, and so treatment can be expensive. Did you know...? ...
Part 1
... Additional precautions are required when standard precautions may not be sufficient to prevent the transmission of infectious agents (eg tuberculosis, measles, Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease). Additional precautions are tailored to the specific infectious agent concerned and may include measures to pre ...
... Additional precautions are required when standard precautions may not be sufficient to prevent the transmission of infectious agents (eg tuberculosis, measles, Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease). Additional precautions are tailored to the specific infectious agent concerned and may include measures to pre ...
Pathophysiology of Fever
... 1. Identify significant signs and symptoms and correlate with fever. 2. Define and explain the etiology and pathophysiology of fever. 3. To identify the necessary ancillary procedures that can help in the diagnosis of a patient with fever 4. To formulate an effective pharmacologic and nonpharmacolog ...
... 1. Identify significant signs and symptoms and correlate with fever. 2. Define and explain the etiology and pathophysiology of fever. 3. To identify the necessary ancillary procedures that can help in the diagnosis of a patient with fever 4. To formulate an effective pharmacologic and nonpharmacolog ...
FEV1
... spirometry patterns of obstructive lung disease Interpret the results of a bronchodilator challenge Describe one way in which spirometry can impact the care of a patient with asthma ...
... spirometry patterns of obstructive lung disease Interpret the results of a bronchodilator challenge Describe one way in which spirometry can impact the care of a patient with asthma ...
Community-acquired MRSA
... Importantly, while they carry SCCmec and are resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics, they are often not resistant to some of the non-beta-lactam antibiotics sometimes used to treat staphylococcal infections (such as clindamycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and tetracyclines). Hence CAMRSA isolates a ...
... Importantly, while they carry SCCmec and are resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics, they are often not resistant to some of the non-beta-lactam antibiotics sometimes used to treat staphylococcal infections (such as clindamycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and tetracyclines). Hence CAMRSA isolates a ...
Avian influenza in humans
... (shorebirds, waders, gulls) are regarded as important reservoir hosts and disseminators of AI viruses, but rarely display clinical signs of infection.2 In this document, these reservoir birds are referred to collectively as “waterbirds”. However it is reasonable to assume all avian species are susce ...
... (shorebirds, waders, gulls) are regarded as important reservoir hosts and disseminators of AI viruses, but rarely display clinical signs of infection.2 In this document, these reservoir birds are referred to collectively as “waterbirds”. However it is reasonable to assume all avian species are susce ...
A Spatial Analysis of West Nile Virus in Texas, 2012
... In 2012, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported the second-worst outbreak of West Nile Virus (WNV) in the United States since it was first detected in the country in 1999. All 48 contiguous states, plus the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico, had confirmed cases of the diseas ...
... In 2012, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported the second-worst outbreak of West Nile Virus (WNV) in the United States since it was first detected in the country in 1999. All 48 contiguous states, plus the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico, had confirmed cases of the diseas ...
Plague - English - Minnesota Department of Health
... • Pneumonic plague can be passed from one person to another, further spreading the illness. • Pneumonic plague is a serious illness with a high death rate. • An outbreak of pneumonic plague would cause extreme fear and panic. The first sign of a pneumonic plague attack would be a wave of peopl ...
... • Pneumonic plague can be passed from one person to another, further spreading the illness. • Pneumonic plague is a serious illness with a high death rate. • An outbreak of pneumonic plague would cause extreme fear and panic. The first sign of a pneumonic plague attack would be a wave of peopl ...
Communicable Disease Control Manual
... Infants born to women who are hepatitis B positive should be initiated on hepatitis B immunoprophylaxis at birth. ...
... Infants born to women who are hepatitis B positive should be initiated on hepatitis B immunoprophylaxis at birth. ...
Enteric/Food and Waterborne Diseases
... investigations of food and waterborne illness are completed by Environmental Health Officers (EHO) who work for the Government Service Centre (GSC), Department of Government Services. In some situations the Public Health Nurse or Infection Control Practitioner may be asked to participate in field in ...
... investigations of food and waterborne illness are completed by Environmental Health Officers (EHO) who work for the Government Service Centre (GSC), Department of Government Services. In some situations the Public Health Nurse or Infection Control Practitioner may be asked to participate in field in ...
Approach to lymphadenopathy
... Anterior: common: Viral upper respiratory infections, infections of pharynx, oral cavity, or head and neck; primary bacterial adenitis, tuberculosis, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, cat scratch disease, tularemia, ...
... Anterior: common: Viral upper respiratory infections, infections of pharynx, oral cavity, or head and neck; primary bacterial adenitis, tuberculosis, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, cat scratch disease, tularemia, ...
Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices Recommended
... For all persons in this category who meet the age requirements and who lack documentation of vaccination or have no evidence of previous infection; zoster vaccine recommended regardless of prior episode of zoster Recommended if some other risk factor is present (e.g., on the basis of medical, occupa ...
... For all persons in this category who meet the age requirements and who lack documentation of vaccination or have no evidence of previous infection; zoster vaccine recommended regardless of prior episode of zoster Recommended if some other risk factor is present (e.g., on the basis of medical, occupa ...
Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices
... For all persons in this category who meet the age requirements and who lack documentation of vaccination or have no evidence of previous infection; zoster vaccine recommended regardless of prior episode of zoster Recommended if some other risk factor is present (e.g., on the basis of medical, occupa ...
... For all persons in this category who meet the age requirements and who lack documentation of vaccination or have no evidence of previous infection; zoster vaccine recommended regardless of prior episode of zoster Recommended if some other risk factor is present (e.g., on the basis of medical, occupa ...
Hand Infections: Treatment Recommendations for Specific Types
... vitro sensitivity tests suggest sensitivity to cephalosporin, the organisms are still resistant; thus, cephalosporins have no role in their treatment.14 Only if there is a high suspicion of methicillin resistance (e.g., recurrent infection and a history of previous methicillin-resistant S aureus inf ...
... vitro sensitivity tests suggest sensitivity to cephalosporin, the organisms are still resistant; thus, cephalosporins have no role in their treatment.14 Only if there is a high suspicion of methicillin resistance (e.g., recurrent infection and a history of previous methicillin-resistant S aureus inf ...
Herpes Simplex Virus Infection in Neonates and Young Infants with
... study, two of five infants with HSV infection were preterm and died. In a study by O’Riordan et al. the relative risk for death of preterm infants with HSV infection was3.7 times more than term infants with HSV infection. In this study, all infants with disseminated disease (n = 9) died, whereas the ...
... study, two of five infants with HSV infection were preterm and died. In a study by O’Riordan et al. the relative risk for death of preterm infants with HSV infection was3.7 times more than term infants with HSV infection. In this study, all infants with disseminated disease (n = 9) died, whereas the ...
Widespread Outbreaks of a Subtle Condition Leading To
... unexplained increase in diagnoses which are described in Chapter R (signs and symptoms) of the International Classification of Disease (ICD) are associated with the increase in medical emergency admissions for the elderly [64-67] especially R00-09 (circulatory and respiratory) and R50-68 (general si ...
... unexplained increase in diagnoses which are described in Chapter R (signs and symptoms) of the International Classification of Disease (ICD) are associated with the increase in medical emergency admissions for the elderly [64-67] especially R00-09 (circulatory and respiratory) and R50-68 (general si ...
Compartmental models in epidemiology
The establishment and spread of infectious diseases is a complex phenomenon with many interacting factors, e.g., the environment in which the pathogen and hosts are situated, the population(s) it is exposed to, and the intra- and inter-dynamics of the population it is exposed to. The role of mathematical epidemiology is to model the establishment and spread of pathogens. A predominant method of doing so, is to use the notion of abstracting the population into compartments under certain assumptions, which represent their health status with respect to the pathogen in the system. One of the cornerstone works to achieve success in this method was done by Kermack and McKendrick in the early 1900s.These models are known as compartmental models in epidemiology, and serve as a base mathematical framework for understanding the complex dynamics of these systems, which hope to model the main characteristics of the system. These compartments, in the simplest case, can stratify the population into two health states: susceptible to the infection of the pathogen (often denoted by S); and infected by the pathogen (given the symbol I). The way that these compartments interact is often based upon phenomenological assumptions, and the model is built up from there. These models are usually investigated through ordinary differential equations (which are deterministic), but can also be viewed in more realistic stochastic framework (for example, the Gillespie model). To push these basic models to further realism, other compartments are often included, most notably the recovered/removed/immune compartment (denoted R).Once one is able to model an infectious pathogen with compartmental models, one can predict the various properties of the pathogen spread, for example the prevalence (total number of infected from the epidemic) and the duration of the epidemic. Also, one can understand how different situations may affect the outcome of the epidemic, e.g., what is the best technique for issuing a limited number of vaccines in a given population?