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Predictive Coding as a Model of Biased Competition in Visual
Predictive Coding as a Model of Biased Competition in Visual

... The hierarchical neural network architecture that would implement equations 6, 7 and 8 is shown in Figure 2. This reformulated model can be interpreted as a form of BC model in which cortical regions at neighbouring stages along an information processing pathway are reciprocally connected by excitat ...
hybrid expert system agents - Universitatea"Petru Maior"
hybrid expert system agents - Universitatea"Petru Maior"

... diagnosis system is proposed for difficult problems solving, like the diagnoses of combinations of illnesses (patients that suffer from combinations of illnesses). In the papers [5, 6] are analyzed different aspects related with a novel hybrid diagnosis system. The novelty consists in the diagnosis ...
How an Agent Might Think
How an Agent Might Think

... • substantially relaxing the requirements concerning the layered architecture. These syntactic changes are accompanied by new definitions of semantics. We have also provided a new PT IME algorithm for computing well-supported models and working with such syntactic extensions. Let us emphasize that t ...
Here - Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience
Here - Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience

... an understanding would serve to bridge between the neurophysiological and behavioral levels of description via systems neuroscience, allowing for the reinforcement of convergent information and the resolution of questions at one level of description by inferences drawn from another. Moreover, a theo ...
A Model of a Segmental Oscillator in the Leech Heartbeat Neuronal
A Model of a Segmental Oscillator in the Leech Heartbeat Neuronal

... equations representing the model were integrated with the exponential Euler method with a time step of 10−4 s. The equations and parameters of the model are described in the Appendix. ...
Intelligent agent - Personal Web Pages
Intelligent agent - Personal Web Pages

... An object can be thought of as exhibiting autonomy over its state: it has control over it. But an object does not exhibit control over it’s behavior. ...
Using Rewards for Belief State Updates in Partially Observable
Using Rewards for Belief State Updates in Partially Observable

... One of the most promising approaches for finding approximate POMDP value functions are point-based methods. In this case, instead of optimizing the value function over the entire belief space, only specific beliefs are considered. In our experiments we used the PBVI algorithm [9] together with regul ...
kobigaldec08.pdf
kobigaldec08.pdf

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Comprehensive Introduction to Intelligent Software Agents for
Comprehensive Introduction to Intelligent Software Agents for

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document - Catholic Diocese of Wichita
document - Catholic Diocese of Wichita

... generates profits to banks and financial institutions. However, it can also be a great source of risk. The recent financial crises resulted in huge loses globally and increased the attention of banks and financial institutions on credit risk. Therefore, Basel Committee for banking supervision [1], r ...
Fulltext - Brunel University Research Archive
Fulltext - Brunel University Research Archive

... generates profits to banks and financial institutions. However, it can also be a great source of risk. The recent financial crises resulted in huge loses globally and increased the attention of banks and financial institutions on credit risk. Therefore, Basel Committee for banking supervision [1], r ...
On Agents and Grids: Creating the Fabric for a New Generation of
On Agents and Grids: Creating the Fabric for a New Generation of

... exchanged were clearly specified. Yet, even such an agent community with modest distributed and heterogeneous nature posed clear challenges. As the agents operate, it was necessary to monitor their status and the status of specific requests. This was done manually, but ideally it should handled auto ...
Maximising overlap score in DNA sequence assembly problem by
Maximising overlap score in DNA sequence assembly problem by

... Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C) and Guanine (G) are meaningless on their own, they are joined into useful instructions in genes. It is interesting to note that more than 99 percent of human’s structure is genetically identical [22]. Imagine having several copies of the same book written in a ...
Distributed case-based reasoning
Distributed case-based reasoning

... case base approach to problem solving. However, while this approach has proven to be effective in certain application settings, there are two important factors that may render this approach unsuitable: (1) privacy and (2) scalability. Privacy refers to the situation where cases, owned by different u ...
Intelligent Agent in Education
Intelligent Agent in Education

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Statistical Script Learning with Multi
Statistical Script Learning with Multi

... answer(y, ·, ·) for all distinct entities x, y, and z. If we were to simply keep the entities as they are and calculate raw co-occurrence counts, we would get evidence only for x = mary, y = bob, and z = question. One approach to this problem would be to deploy one of many previously described Stati ...
On Agent Design Rationale
On Agent Design Rationale

... constituted, and how it operates. The usual way to do this is to place ourselves as the agent and try to analyze how we build those views on the world. This process is called introspection. We can then observe what happens as the observer changes from one view to another, and what happens when the o ...
Dynamic Programming for Partially Observable Stochastic Games
Dynamic Programming for Partially Observable Stochastic Games

... dominated strategies in normal form games, which also allows agents to have different beliefs. In fact, our approach can be viewed as a synthesis of dynamic programming for POMDPs and iterated elimination of dominated strategies in normal form games. We define a generalized notion of belief that inc ...
Learning Innate Face Preferences
Learning Innate Face Preferences

... et al., 1997). Moreover, some neurons in the adult superior colliculus/pulvinar pathway appear to be selective for faces (Morris et al., 1999), although such neurons have not yet been found in young animals. The model also helps explain why infants after one month of age show a reduced interest in f ...
5. hierarchical multimodal language modeling
5. hierarchical multimodal language modeling

... three example action verbs represented in the second model and ground these in actual actions. In doing so this GLIA model learn to perform and recognise three complex behaviours, ‘go’, ‘pick’ and ‘lift’ and to associate these with their action verbs. This hierarchical model has two layers. In the l ...
Do software agents know what they talk about?
Do software agents know what they talk about?

... Autonomousness: synchronisation mechanisms are not hard coded. Encounters have an economical meaning because of the self interested property of the agents. This differes from a situation where components are build to co-operate. ...
Distributed Constraint Satisfaction Algorithm for Complex Local
Distributed Constraint Satisfaction Algorithm for Complex Local

... It must be noted that although algorithms for solving distributed CSPs seem to be similar to parallel/distributed processing methods for solving CSPs [4, 15], research motivations are fundamentally different. The primary concern in parallel/distributed processing is the efficiency, and we can choose ...
The Project ENTs: Towards Modeling Human
The Project ENTs: Towards Modeling Human

... (they can not simply stop acting when a sub-task fail). Various approaches to control h-agents have been used so far; such as BDI-architecture [15] or subsumption architecture [5], hierarchical or any-time planning [8, 21], hierarchical rule-based system [16], finite state machines [26] or even neur ...
Reasoning about Action and Cooperation
Reasoning about Action and Cooperation

... Such an approach presumes that the effect of actions can be modeled more or less independently from the behaviour of the agents that perform these actions. This approach seems applicable to many real life scenarios. For example, an environment may be a communication channel via which agents send and ...
link to pdf of article - UCSF Center for Integrative Neuroscience
link to pdf of article - UCSF Center for Integrative Neuroscience

... that similar mechanisms should underlie linguistic processes and other complex serial behaviors. We emphasize that the use of artificial neural network architectures alone does not establish biological plausibility; rather, it is essential to explicitly consider what is known about the functional ar ...
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Agent-based model in biology

Agent-based models have many applications in biology, primarily due to the characteristics of the modeling method. Agent-based modeling is a rule-based, computational modeling methodology that focuses on rules and interactions among the individual components or the agents of the system. The goal of this modeling method is to generate populations of the system components of interest and simulate their interactions in a virtual world. Agent-based models start with rules for behavior and seek to reconstruct, through computational instantiation of those behavioral rules, the observed patterns of behavior. Several of the characteristics of agent-based models important to biological studies include: Modular structure: The behavior of an agent-based model is defined by the rules of its agents. Existing agent rules can be modified or new agents can be added without having to modify the entire model. Emergent properties: Through the use of the individual agents that interact locally with rules of behavior, agent-based models result in a synergy that leads to a higher level whole with much more intricate behavior than those of each individual agent. Abstraction: Either by excluding non-essential details or when details are not available, agent-based models can be constructed in the absence of complete knowledge of the system under study. This allows the model to be as simple and verifiable as possible. Stochasticity: Biological systems exhibit behavior that appears to be random. The probability of a particular behavior can be determined for a system as a whole and then be translated into rules for the individual agents.Before the agent-based model can be developed, one must choose the appropriate software or modeling toolkit to be used. Madey and Nikolai provide an extensive list of toolkits in their paper ""Tools of the Trade: A Survey of Various Agent Based Modeling Platforms"". The paper seeks to provide users with a method of choosing a suitable toolkit by examining five characteristics across the spectrum of toolkits: the programming language required to create the model, the required operating system, availability of user support, the software license type, and the intended toolkit domain. Some of the more commonly used toolkits include Swarm, NetLogo, RePast, and Mason. Listed below are summaries of several articles describing agent-based models that have been employed in biological studies. The summaries will provide a description of the problem space, an overview of the agent-based model and the agents involved, and a brief discussion of the model results.
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