Foreign Direct Investment in Food and Agricultural Sectors
... foreign affiliates established by 60,000 parent companies throughout the world employed about 35 million people in 1998 (World Investment Report, 1999). Foreign affiliate sales are estimated to have reached $11.4 trillion during the same time period. Table 1, summarizing global FDI activity, indicat ...
... foreign affiliates established by 60,000 parent companies throughout the world employed about 35 million people in 1998 (World Investment Report, 1999). Foreign affiliate sales are estimated to have reached $11.4 trillion during the same time period. Table 1, summarizing global FDI activity, indicat ...
Macroeconomic Impact of Capital Flows in Sub
... distinctions must be made on the basis of degree. Applying this criterion to the thirty-one countries over the years 1980-2008, few would object to the inclusion of Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda and Sierra Leone. We also include Ethiopia, whose internal conflict lasted throughout the ...
... distinctions must be made on the basis of degree. Applying this criterion to the thirty-one countries over the years 1980-2008, few would object to the inclusion of Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda and Sierra Leone. We also include Ethiopia, whose internal conflict lasted throughout the ...
λ t
... - parametric tests generally refer to the behaviour of a representative unit, and they are then unsuitable to catch the more real situations of polarization and club convergence ...
... - parametric tests generally refer to the behaviour of a representative unit, and they are then unsuitable to catch the more real situations of polarization and club convergence ...
DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS
... trade with Mars!” It is not clear, however, that the conclusion follows from the premise. The relevant issue is the presence of trade imbalances within the planet, that is, between countries. As long as countries di§er along the relevant dimensions (saving rates, levels of capacity utilization, res ...
... trade with Mars!” It is not clear, however, that the conclusion follows from the premise. The relevant issue is the presence of trade imbalances within the planet, that is, between countries. As long as countries di§er along the relevant dimensions (saving rates, levels of capacity utilization, res ...
Past and Current Trends of Balkan Migrations
... thus contributing to the industrial development of North-Central Europe. Germany, Switzerland and Austria were the main host countries. Yugoslav researchers estimate a continuous growth in the stock of migrant ...
... thus contributing to the industrial development of North-Central Europe. Germany, Switzerland and Austria were the main host countries. Yugoslav researchers estimate a continuous growth in the stock of migrant ...
Pacific Resources and Ocean Law: A Latin American Perspective
... the policy at least with regard to fishing zones. 24 Nine years later a 200mile EEZ was established by treaty when the Convention on the Law of the Sea (1982 Convention) was approved in 1982.25 The economic interests of the coastal states led to the recognition of the 200-mile EEZ. The superpowers a ...
... the policy at least with regard to fishing zones. 24 Nine years later a 200mile EEZ was established by treaty when the Convention on the Law of the Sea (1982 Convention) was approved in 1982.25 The economic interests of the coastal states led to the recognition of the 200-mile EEZ. The superpowers a ...
View/Open
... incorporate core labour standards as identified under the International Labour Organisation (ILO)35 under the rubric of multilateral disciplines was described by the WTO Secretariat as being “among the most controversial currently before the WTO”.36 Whereas developing countries were against such inc ...
... incorporate core labour standards as identified under the International Labour Organisation (ILO)35 under the rubric of multilateral disciplines was described by the WTO Secretariat as being “among the most controversial currently before the WTO”.36 Whereas developing countries were against such inc ...
Chapter - 3 PUBLIC MANAGEMENT REFORMS IN DEVELOPING
... often influenced by the immediate political costs of administrative reforms rather than the longer run benefits(Sarkar,2006). Another factor is clientelism, which is a subset of relationships pertaining to a wide range of patron-client transactions, which are found in most developing countries (Khan ...
... often influenced by the immediate political costs of administrative reforms rather than the longer run benefits(Sarkar,2006). Another factor is clientelism, which is a subset of relationships pertaining to a wide range of patron-client transactions, which are found in most developing countries (Khan ...
Discussion 1. Benoît Coeuré Introduction
... Effective means of preventing the exclusion of unskilled workers are available to the governments of industrialised countries: • In the short run, traditional income redistribution, support of the demand for unskilled work (for example, by lowering social security contributions for the lowest paid) ...
... Effective means of preventing the exclusion of unskilled workers are available to the governments of industrialised countries: • In the short run, traditional income redistribution, support of the demand for unskilled work (for example, by lowering social security contributions for the lowest paid) ...
International Financial Architecture, Macro Volatility
... Ycap75us – PPP GDP per capita in 1975 as a % of the US level, CORR pos – positive residual corruption in 1975, calculated as explained earlier. R2=40%, N=39, all coefficients are significant at 5% level, except the last one (33%), but exclusion of the last variable (a multiple of T by Tincr.) does n ...
... Ycap75us – PPP GDP per capita in 1975 as a % of the US level, CORR pos – positive residual corruption in 1975, calculated as explained earlier. R2=40%, N=39, all coefficients are significant at 5% level, except the last one (33%), but exclusion of the last variable (a multiple of T by Tincr.) does n ...
The Triffin Dilemma and the Saver`s Curse - Economics
... receive on their foreign assets in terms of their own consumption. The own-consumption rate of return is what matters for welfare, and it is not the same for all countries. Then I use the model to understand how the own-consumption returns that periphery countries receive on their foreign assets de ...
... receive on their foreign assets in terms of their own consumption. The own-consumption rate of return is what matters for welfare, and it is not the same for all countries. Then I use the model to understand how the own-consumption returns that periphery countries receive on their foreign assets de ...
ge10 Whalley 11980390 en
... 1 Introduction and policy context Negotiations on climate change arrangements as part of the shaping of a post Kyoto/ post 2012 world concluded in Copenhagen in December 2009 in a 2 week end to a negotiation initiated in Bali in late 2007 but are now scheduled to continue in Mexi ...
... 1 Introduction and policy context Negotiations on climate change arrangements as part of the shaping of a post Kyoto/ post 2012 world concluded in Copenhagen in December 2009 in a 2 week end to a negotiation initiated in Bali in late 2007 but are now scheduled to continue in Mexi ...
A. Electronic Commerce and the Multilateral Trading System
... One of the largest problems facing developing countries, especially LDCs, was seen as poor physical infrastructure, most notably weaknesses in energy and telecommunications resources. Generally, advanced telecommunications, including fax and internet facilities, were scarce, concentrated in urban ar ...
... One of the largest problems facing developing countries, especially LDCs, was seen as poor physical infrastructure, most notably weaknesses in energy and telecommunications resources. Generally, advanced telecommunications, including fax and internet facilities, were scarce, concentrated in urban ar ...
QNA on Beyond 2020 is based on the OECD quarterly paper
... what is produced by the country. For Canada, Portugal, United Kingdom and United States, only seasonally adjusted series are available. When data are seasonally adjusted by the OECD Secretariat, metadata are attached to the series to indicate it. Data at constant prices (VNB---- measure) and chained ...
... what is produced by the country. For Canada, Portugal, United Kingdom and United States, only seasonally adjusted series are available. When data are seasonally adjusted by the OECD Secretariat, metadata are attached to the series to indicate it. Data at constant prices (VNB---- measure) and chained ...
FORUM V Fifth Session of the
... The Fifth Session of the Intergovernmental Forum on Chemical Safety (Forum V) was held 25-29 September 2006 in Budapest, Hungary, hosted by the Government of Hungary. Eightyone governments participated in the meeting, together with representatives from twelve intergovernmental organizations (IGO) an ...
... The Fifth Session of the Intergovernmental Forum on Chemical Safety (Forum V) was held 25-29 September 2006 in Budapest, Hungary, hosted by the Government of Hungary. Eightyone governments participated in the meeting, together with representatives from twelve intergovernmental organizations (IGO) an ...
ANNEX 1
... Research and innovation cooperation perspectives in the energy efficiency domain Synergies with EaP Platform 3 "Energy security", Marion Schiller Probst, DG ENER SPIRE Public Private Partnership, Soren Bowadt, DG RTD Discussion ...
... Research and innovation cooperation perspectives in the energy efficiency domain Synergies with EaP Platform 3 "Energy security", Marion Schiller Probst, DG ENER SPIRE Public Private Partnership, Soren Bowadt, DG RTD Discussion ...
PDF
... such “G-#” processes do not provide the enforcement mechanisms common in treaty agreements. Instead, leaders can raise the political cost – to their counterparts, their successors, and even themselves – of failing to deliver on their commitments by making such failure transparent (Chayes and Chayes ...
... such “G-#” processes do not provide the enforcement mechanisms common in treaty agreements. Instead, leaders can raise the political cost – to their counterparts, their successors, and even themselves – of failing to deliver on their commitments by making such failure transparent (Chayes and Chayes ...
Asia 2050 - Asian Development Bank
... Asia will take its place among the ranks of the affluent on par with those in Europe today; some 3 billion additional Asians will become affluent by 2050. This is the desired or ideal scenario for Asia as a whole. The Middle Income Trap scenario assumes that these fast-growing converging economies fal ...
... Asia will take its place among the ranks of the affluent on par with those in Europe today; some 3 billion additional Asians will become affluent by 2050. This is the desired or ideal scenario for Asia as a whole. The Middle Income Trap scenario assumes that these fast-growing converging economies fal ...
Slide 1
... The G 77 and China is the major one that comprises with 132 countries which includes developing, LDCs, and the small island countries. In fact, the G 77 and China is the platform of almost all the Non Annex Country Parties who are historically not responsible for the present climate crisis. G 77 and ...
... The G 77 and China is the major one that comprises with 132 countries which includes developing, LDCs, and the small island countries. In fact, the G 77 and China is the platform of almost all the Non Annex Country Parties who are historically not responsible for the present climate crisis. G 77 and ...
Generic Vision 2050 Short Presentation
... Source: Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark, Realising the Potential of Africa’s Youth, 2009 (FAOSTAT) ...
... Source: Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark, Realising the Potential of Africa’s Youth, 2009 (FAOSTAT) ...
2. Data by country
... what is produced by the country. For Canada, Portugal, United Kingdom and United States, only seasonally adjusted series are available. When data are seasonally adjusted by the OECD Secretariat, metadata are attached to the series to indicate it. Data at constant prices (VNB---- measure) and chained ...
... what is produced by the country. For Canada, Portugal, United Kingdom and United States, only seasonally adjusted series are available. When data are seasonally adjusted by the OECD Secretariat, metadata are attached to the series to indicate it. Data at constant prices (VNB---- measure) and chained ...
世界体系中的东方与西方 - Internationale Rosa
... effective production mode of the capitalism in it, but leading to capitalism extravagance instead. It is obvious that the substitution of social form by no means brought vitality and advancement for India. Strictly speaking, this substitution is more a kind of social recession. Different from India, ...
... effective production mode of the capitalism in it, but leading to capitalism extravagance instead. It is obvious that the substitution of social form by no means brought vitality and advancement for India. Strictly speaking, this substitution is more a kind of social recession. Different from India, ...
ECON 4415 International trade
... - Sector B: “Agriculture”, constant returns to scale, one labour unit required to produce one unit of B. - Sector X: “Manufactures”, produced with increasing returns to scale, differentiated goods, each firm producing one variety of the good. - No trade costs between countries for good B. - “Iceberg ...
... - Sector B: “Agriculture”, constant returns to scale, one labour unit required to produce one unit of B. - Sector X: “Manufactures”, produced with increasing returns to scale, differentiated goods, each firm producing one variety of the good. - No trade costs between countries for good B. - “Iceberg ...
Chapter V: Growth and Employment
... can explain not more than half of the differences in output per worker There is an unexplained growth residual: “labor efficiency” ...
... can explain not more than half of the differences in output per worker There is an unexplained growth residual: “labor efficiency” ...
BRICS` characteristics and influence
... BRICS is a grouping acronym that refers to member countries Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. Founded as BRIC, it is typically rendered as “the BRICS” or “the BRICS countries” or alternatively as the “Big Five”. They are called emerging markets or economies. ...
... BRICS is a grouping acronym that refers to member countries Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. Founded as BRIC, it is typically rendered as “the BRICS” or “the BRICS countries” or alternatively as the “Big Five”. They are called emerging markets or economies. ...