THE CHALLENGE OF ENSURING FULL EMPLOYMENT IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY Jayati Ghosh*
... dilemma of mercantilist strategy, which is evident in exaggerated form for the aggressively export-oriented economies of today: they are forced to finance the deficits of those countries that would buy their products, through capital flows that sustain the demand for their own exports, even when the ...
... dilemma of mercantilist strategy, which is evident in exaggerated form for the aggressively export-oriented economies of today: they are forced to finance the deficits of those countries that would buy their products, through capital flows that sustain the demand for their own exports, even when the ...
Tomidajewicz, Distribution as primary factor of crisis
... don’t eliminate this surplus. Therefore they might lead to earlier and constant occurrence of this disproportion that may lead to permanent limitation of abilities of development of particular economies. ...
... don’t eliminate this surplus. Therefore they might lead to earlier and constant occurrence of this disproportion that may lead to permanent limitation of abilities of development of particular economies. ...
Chapter 9
... • Why might such data be inadequate for assessing the effectiveness of a drug? • What is a randomized controlled trial? Why are RCTs conducted? How are they conducted? Why are RCTs typically preferred to studies relying on observational data? ...
... • Why might such data be inadequate for assessing the effectiveness of a drug? • What is a randomized controlled trial? Why are RCTs conducted? How are they conducted? Why are RCTs typically preferred to studies relying on observational data? ...
South Africa`s International Cost Competitiveness and Productivity: A
... was abetted by a substantial increase in such exports to other developing countries, notably in Africa.6 This encouraging performance of manufactured exports in the 1990s was accompanied by some less favorable developments. Import penetration rose, particularly within labor-intensive sectors (Edward ...
... was abetted by a substantial increase in such exports to other developing countries, notably in Africa.6 This encouraging performance of manufactured exports in the 1990s was accompanied by some less favorable developments. Import penetration rose, particularly within labor-intensive sectors (Edward ...
FDI in the post-EU accession Baltic Sea Region: A global or a
... The theoretical literature exemplified by, e.g., Lipsey’s (2006) discussion, argues that facilitated access to a country’s main markets and resulting increase in trade flows should lead to increased growth and wealth, which in turn makes the country an attractive host for FDIs. This discussion shoul ...
... The theoretical literature exemplified by, e.g., Lipsey’s (2006) discussion, argues that facilitated access to a country’s main markets and resulting increase in trade flows should lead to increased growth and wealth, which in turn makes the country an attractive host for FDIs. This discussion shoul ...
Chapter 8
... economies of scale lead to trade between similar countries with no comparative advantage differences between them. – This is a very different kind of trade than the one based on comparative advantage, where each country exports its comparative advantage good. ...
... economies of scale lead to trade between similar countries with no comparative advantage differences between them. – This is a very different kind of trade than the one based on comparative advantage, where each country exports its comparative advantage good. ...
Coexistence of national companies and MNEs
... producers engage in monopolistic competition within their group. It is profitable to produce a single variety of the bundle of differentiated goods in only one company because the final good producers in the manufacturing sector use fixed input factors in production. They produce in a multi-stage pr ...
... producers engage in monopolistic competition within their group. It is profitable to produce a single variety of the bundle of differentiated goods in only one company because the final good producers in the manufacturing sector use fixed input factors in production. They produce in a multi-stage pr ...
The role of institutions and resource mobilisation in structural
... • Savings for Ghana and Uganda are quite low relative to gross fixed capital formation highlighting the importance of foreign direct investment. • Tax effort still low – well below 15% of GDP for all countries except during 2007 – signifying more need for resource mobilization by he public sector • ...
... • Savings for Ghana and Uganda are quite low relative to gross fixed capital formation highlighting the importance of foreign direct investment. • Tax effort still low – well below 15% of GDP for all countries except during 2007 – signifying more need for resource mobilization by he public sector • ...
File - MCNEIL ECONOMICS
... • Product differentiation and internal economies of scale lead to trade between similar countries with no comparative advantage differences between them. – This is a very different kind of trade than the one based on comparative advantage, where each country exports its comparative advantage good. ...
... • Product differentiation and internal economies of scale lead to trade between similar countries with no comparative advantage differences between them. – This is a very different kind of trade than the one based on comparative advantage, where each country exports its comparative advantage good. ...
Firms in the Global Economy
... • Product differentiation and internal economies of scale lead to trade between similar countries with no comparative advantage differences between them. – This is a very different kind of trade than the one based on comparative advantage, where each country exports its comparative advantage good. ...
... • Product differentiation and internal economies of scale lead to trade between similar countries with no comparative advantage differences between them. – This is a very different kind of trade than the one based on comparative advantage, where each country exports its comparative advantage good. ...
The Triffin Dilemma and the Saver`s Curse - Economics
... receive on their foreign assets in terms of their own consumption. The own-consumption rate of return is what matters for welfare, and it is not the same for all countries. Then I use the model to understand how the own-consumption returns that periphery countries receive on their foreign assets de ...
... receive on their foreign assets in terms of their own consumption. The own-consumption rate of return is what matters for welfare, and it is not the same for all countries. Then I use the model to understand how the own-consumption returns that periphery countries receive on their foreign assets de ...
Industrialization in Malaysia - degit xiv ucla
... This paper examines the changing role of government and foreign firms in Malaysia’s industrialization process. Economists have held different views of the role of government in industrialization. Some believed that the developing world was full of market failures and the only way in which poor count ...
... This paper examines the changing role of government and foreign firms in Malaysia’s industrialization process. Economists have held different views of the role of government in industrialization. Some believed that the developing world was full of market failures and the only way in which poor count ...
INTERNAITONAL
... This chapter examines the leading theories that attempt to explain what underlies relative price differentials among nations. Attention is then turned to the role of transportation costs and their effect on trade flows. The chapter begins with a discussion of the factor endowment theory of trade as ...
... This chapter examines the leading theories that attempt to explain what underlies relative price differentials among nations. Attention is then turned to the role of transportation costs and their effect on trade flows. The chapter begins with a discussion of the factor endowment theory of trade as ...
Introduction to the course - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
... • Globalization peak: Insourcing; Changes in China`s “growth model: upstream movement within the global value-chain. • Protectionism! ...
... • Globalization peak: Insourcing; Changes in China`s “growth model: upstream movement within the global value-chain. • Protectionism! ...
S0800399_en.pdf
... 1999; see also Henderson 2005). In most of the countries involved - whether Mexico or Thailand or Kenya - these conditions have created enormous costs for certain sectors of the economy and for most of the people, and have not fundamentally reduced government debt. Among these costs are the growth i ...
... 1999; see also Henderson 2005). In most of the countries involved - whether Mexico or Thailand or Kenya - these conditions have created enormous costs for certain sectors of the economy and for most of the people, and have not fundamentally reduced government debt. Among these costs are the growth i ...
Anglo-Saxon versus ‘Rhineland’ labour relations
... • 1% less wage increase leads to 0,37% loss of labour productivity growth (within 7 years). • Controls: Verdoorn effect; past productivity growth; gap towards the leading country; capacity utilization; service shares; country and year dummies. • Coverage: 19 OECD countries, 1960-2004. ...
... • 1% less wage increase leads to 0,37% loss of labour productivity growth (within 7 years). • Controls: Verdoorn effect; past productivity growth; gap towards the leading country; capacity utilization; service shares; country and year dummies. • Coverage: 19 OECD countries, 1960-2004. ...
Research Department Working Paper No:96/15 Terms of Trade and Economic Fluctuations
... model, we compare the data obtained from our artificial economy with those of actual data to see if a model based on intertemporal considerations is capable of mimicking the characteristics of the actual data on Turkey. The methodology employed for this experiment consists of finding a solution to t ...
... model, we compare the data obtained from our artificial economy with those of actual data to see if a model based on intertemporal considerations is capable of mimicking the characteristics of the actual data on Turkey. The methodology employed for this experiment consists of finding a solution to t ...
Anglo-Saxon versus
... management styles (less critical feedback from the shop floor) – De-centralized wage formation: workers may appropriate part of the monopoly profits from innovation – Continuous accumulation of incremental knowledge in a Schumpeter II innovation model is suffering from frequent changes of personnel ...
... management styles (less critical feedback from the shop floor) – De-centralized wage formation: workers may appropriate part of the monopoly profits from innovation – Continuous accumulation of incremental knowledge in a Schumpeter II innovation model is suffering from frequent changes of personnel ...
Paper - World bank documents
... issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the a ...
... issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the a ...
Linda
... example, domestic credit creation above trend may for which no shortages in government revenues or unanticipated expenditures revenues are available. For simplicity random variable. ...
... example, domestic credit creation above trend may for which no shortages in government revenues or unanticipated expenditures revenues are available. For simplicity random variable. ...
PDF
... SACU is a fully functioning customs union with full internal free trade. A common external tariff observed by all of its members, and common administration of the external tariff, and pooling of the revenues from it (Hinkle & Schiff, 2004). There are likely to be differences between countries both o ...
... SACU is a fully functioning customs union with full internal free trade. A common external tariff observed by all of its members, and common administration of the external tariff, and pooling of the revenues from it (Hinkle & Schiff, 2004). There are likely to be differences between countries both o ...
Asia and South America: A Quasi-Common
... complex, detailed, treaty-like negotiations before the emergence of corresponding economic ties. A quasi-common market approach in South America may lead to better results than attempts at emulating the European path.3 Asia as a QCE A QCE is defined here as a regional economy with a high level of ph ...
... complex, detailed, treaty-like negotiations before the emergence of corresponding economic ties. A quasi-common market approach in South America may lead to better results than attempts at emulating the European path.3 Asia as a QCE A QCE is defined here as a regional economy with a high level of ph ...
PPTch04
... • The learning process refers to the unit cost advantage that accrues to a firm because of the experience it acquires through cumulative production of goods and services. • The fall in cost may be due to technological improvements; better organisational structures and/or performance of workers. ©The ...
... • The learning process refers to the unit cost advantage that accrues to a firm because of the experience it acquires through cumulative production of goods and services. • The fall in cost may be due to technological improvements; better organisational structures and/or performance of workers. ©The ...
Impact of FDI on GDP: A Comparative Study of China and India
... argues that foreign direct investment along with trade liberalization is the answer for economic development. Hansen and Rand (2006) in their paper titled ‘On the Causal Links Between FDI and Growth in Developing Countries’ states that FDI promotes economic growth, but the extent to which a country ...
... argues that foreign direct investment along with trade liberalization is the answer for economic development. Hansen and Rand (2006) in their paper titled ‘On the Causal Links Between FDI and Growth in Developing Countries’ states that FDI promotes economic growth, but the extent to which a country ...
International factor movements
In international economics, international factor movements are movements of labor, capital, and other factors of production between countries. International factor movements occur in three ways: immigration/emigration, capital transfers through international borrowing and lending, and foreign direct investment. International factor movements also raise political and social issues not present in trade in goods and services. Nations frequently restrict immigration, capital flows, and foreign direct investment.