Complexity of natural languages
... context of being immediately preceded by the sequence the girls and that will expand the symbol V into kisses in the context of being immediately preceded by the sequence the girl. In other words, any set of context-free rules that generate (correctly) the sequences the girl kisses the boy and the g ...
... context of being immediately preceded by the sequence the girls and that will expand the symbol V into kisses in the context of being immediately preceded by the sequence the girl. In other words, any set of context-free rules that generate (correctly) the sequences the girl kisses the boy and the g ...
Varieties of English
... approximately eight hundred million people” (2001:9). But can one speak of one Global or International English or should we rather be speaking of different “Englishes”, each with characteristics and peculiarities of its own? This present article aims to explore the manner in which South African Engl ...
... approximately eight hundred million people” (2001:9). But can one speak of one Global or International English or should we rather be speaking of different “Englishes”, each with characteristics and peculiarities of its own? This present article aims to explore the manner in which South African Engl ...
SOCIO-CULTURAL INFLUENCES ON EFFECTIVE ENGLISH
... Key Words: Language, Digitization, Culture, and Communication Introduction English today is a unique language, functionally and structurally quite different from other languages of the world. English has been accepted as a second language in Nigeria, right from the time the country was colonized by ...
... Key Words: Language, Digitization, Culture, and Communication Introduction English today is a unique language, functionally and structurally quite different from other languages of the world. English has been accepted as a second language in Nigeria, right from the time the country was colonized by ...
Spanish 1 - Knox County Schools
... • I can identify the people in my family and their relationship to me. • I can express someone’s age. • I can read and reply to an invitation to a celebration. • I can give physical descriptions of others and myself. • I can interpret level-appropriate, authentic texts related to family and celebrat ...
... • I can identify the people in my family and their relationship to me. • I can express someone’s age. • I can read and reply to an invitation to a celebration. • I can give physical descriptions of others and myself. • I can interpret level-appropriate, authentic texts related to family and celebrat ...
SOME CHALLENGES FOR VOCABULARY IN ENGLISH FOR
... Currently, language for special purposes is treated as adjacent to the concept of functional stylistics of terminology, "it is a functional kind of natural language, specifically a limitedsectoral area of linguistic communication. Advances in the study is the finding ESP as a functional area of term ...
... Currently, language for special purposes is treated as adjacent to the concept of functional stylistics of terminology, "it is a functional kind of natural language, specifically a limitedsectoral area of linguistic communication. Advances in the study is the finding ESP as a functional area of term ...
Ideology in Grammar
... Romani (affected by contact with Slovak and Czech) to stabilize as an ethnolect vernacular of Czech Roma who have been congregating in temporary housing since their economic and social downfall in the 1990s (Toušek 2011). The study is grounded in the research of extent and degree of Romani usage and ...
... Romani (affected by contact with Slovak and Czech) to stabilize as an ethnolect vernacular of Czech Roma who have been congregating in temporary housing since their economic and social downfall in the 1990s (Toušek 2011). The study is grounded in the research of extent and degree of Romani usage and ...
Latin and Greek Elements in English
... – How far back does speech go in human prehistory? – Homo erectus (1.6 – 0.3 mya) has a larynx • the key to speech articulation • Neanderthals also have a larynx • n.b. in humans, this airway is connected to the esophagus, which can lead to choking ...
... – How far back does speech go in human prehistory? – Homo erectus (1.6 – 0.3 mya) has a larynx • the key to speech articulation • Neanderthals also have a larynx • n.b. in humans, this airway is connected to the esophagus, which can lead to choking ...
Presentation of research
... Englishes due to its place in history as a settler destination for AngloBahamian British loyalists who escaped the US after the Revolutionary War (Childs and Wolfram, 2008). – Boundaries with USA are less distinct, such as Gullah-speaking AfroBahamians moving from South Carolina and Georgia to the B ...
... Englishes due to its place in history as a settler destination for AngloBahamian British loyalists who escaped the US after the Revolutionary War (Childs and Wolfram, 2008). – Boundaries with USA are less distinct, such as Gullah-speaking AfroBahamians moving from South Carolina and Georgia to the B ...
Language attitudes and migration: A perceptual dialectology
... Language attitudes and migration: A perceptual dialectology approach American-English speakers, when asked to draw dialect regions on maps of the United States, demonstrate agreement on salient regional varieties and their location (Gould & White 1974; Preston 1986, 1989, 1996). Prior work has not s ...
... Language attitudes and migration: A perceptual dialectology approach American-English speakers, when asked to draw dialect regions on maps of the United States, demonstrate agreement on salient regional varieties and their location (Gould & White 1974; Preston 1986, 1989, 1996). Prior work has not s ...
Loss and renewal: Australian Languages Since
... This book originated from a ‘Language Contact Symposium’ held at The Australian National University in Canberra, 6–7 March 2014, organised by the volume editors as part of an annual Australian Languages Workshop. Although written by linguists and largely for linguists, the book should nevertheless ...
... This book originated from a ‘Language Contact Symposium’ held at The Australian National University in Canberra, 6–7 March 2014, organised by the volume editors as part of an annual Australian Languages Workshop. Although written by linguists and largely for linguists, the book should nevertheless ...
Make a list of 10 words that you think of when I say `English`.
... 3. 10 words to describe ‘English’ (~ 6 mins for word list and ~ 20 mins for sharing) I created this research tool after meeting David Crystal at the Edinburgh Book Festival in August 2012. Crystal was presenting his own 100 words of the English language, which struck me a reflection of who he was as ...
... 3. 10 words to describe ‘English’ (~ 6 mins for word list and ~ 20 mins for sharing) I created this research tool after meeting David Crystal at the Edinburgh Book Festival in August 2012. Crystal was presenting his own 100 words of the English language, which struck me a reflection of who he was as ...
Modes of Discourse: A Cross Cultural Study of Essays Written in
... Education in Costa Rica. What makes this leaming situation more problematic is that the students also show difficuIties when writing in Spanish. According to Rodino and Ross, 7 beginning university students in Costa Rica have been shown not to write well in Spanish. In their study, the results of an ...
... Education in Costa Rica. What makes this leaming situation more problematic is that the students also show difficuIties when writing in Spanish. According to Rodino and Ross, 7 beginning university students in Costa Rica have been shown not to write well in Spanish. In their study, the results of an ...
Ling 001: Week 2
... Think about these examples a little more… • The basic problem with She don’t know him: it is not part of standard English. But it is part of some varieties/dialects of English • Is there a logic to this judgment? Technically, what the example shows is the absence of 3rd person singular agreement -s ...
... Think about these examples a little more… • The basic problem with She don’t know him: it is not part of standard English. But it is part of some varieties/dialects of English • Is there a logic to this judgment? Technically, what the example shows is the absence of 3rd person singular agreement -s ...
2.7. Sound Change. The gap between spelling and - E
... The need was felt, then, for a handier, more accessible system of graphic representation of the sounds that should somehow parallel the normal spelling but be based on a more logical, one-to-one correspondence with the phonemic system of the language. The idea of a so-called phonetic alphabet was th ...
... The need was felt, then, for a handier, more accessible system of graphic representation of the sounds that should somehow parallel the normal spelling but be based on a more logical, one-to-one correspondence with the phonemic system of the language. The idea of a so-called phonetic alphabet was th ...
Importance of English communication skills
... English is acknowledged passport to better education and employment opportunities. English language plays a crucial role to weave the world into a single thread. English has a status of a second language in almost all the countries where it is not the first language. To acquire simple language for d ...
... English is acknowledged passport to better education and employment opportunities. English language plays a crucial role to weave the world into a single thread. English has a status of a second language in almost all the countries where it is not the first language. To acquire simple language for d ...
Reprint - Horizon Research Publishing
... pursue the writings of King Alfred who lived in 9th century, we will barely understand a word even though he has written in English. This is leading ‘to a kind of “World” or “International English”, one stripped of its local identifiers, with a core of common vocabulary, grammar, and spelling.’ (Bur ...
... pursue the writings of King Alfred who lived in 9th century, we will barely understand a word even though he has written in English. This is leading ‘to a kind of “World” or “International English”, one stripped of its local identifiers, with a core of common vocabulary, grammar, and spelling.’ (Bur ...
1 Adriana Briceno Prof. Rodriguez
... manages Korean, English and Spanish. It really interested me to know Mr. Kim’s background. He mentioned; “I was raised and born in Korea then I moved to Argentina and then I came to this country.” He said that he uses all three languages at his work place. He also notes: “It is very funny when a per ...
... manages Korean, English and Spanish. It really interested me to know Mr. Kim’s background. He mentioned; “I was raised and born in Korea then I moved to Argentina and then I came to this country.” He said that he uses all three languages at his work place. He also notes: “It is very funny when a per ...
The English Language in Asia and the Southern Hemisphere
... variant of a language. It may be the standard of this language or not, it may be a rural or an urban variant, a social or peer group variant, etc. One of the aspects of contact between speakers of different varieties of a language is accommodation. By this is meant that one of the speakers attempts, ...
... variant of a language. It may be the standard of this language or not, it may be a rural or an urban variant, a social or peer group variant, etc. One of the aspects of contact between speakers of different varieties of a language is accommodation. By this is meant that one of the speakers attempts, ...
Ling 001: Week 2
... part of standard English. But it is part of some varieties/dialects of English • Is there a logic to this judgment? Technically, what the example shows is the absence of 3rd person singular agreement -s • Agreement morphemes on a verb mark who the subject of the verb is (in some languages…) • Is the ...
... part of standard English. But it is part of some varieties/dialects of English • Is there a logic to this judgment? Technically, what the example shows is the absence of 3rd person singular agreement -s • Agreement morphemes on a verb mark who the subject of the verb is (in some languages…) • Is the ...
Language
... Language As students progress through the grades levels, they develop more proficiency in understanding the basic conventions of Standard English and use this in both spoken and written products. They not only develop knowledge of the rules of language, punctuation, etc., but they develop an extensi ...
... Language As students progress through the grades levels, they develop more proficiency in understanding the basic conventions of Standard English and use this in both spoken and written products. They not only develop knowledge of the rules of language, punctuation, etc., but they develop an extensi ...
In American English
... American English is the most popular language in the world, because: • America remains the top superpower in the world • it is wildly spread through advertising, tourism and television • all computer technologies, business, entertaining industry come from America and work everywhere ...
... American English is the most popular language in the world, because: • America remains the top superpower in the world • it is wildly spread through advertising, tourism and television • all computer technologies, business, entertaining industry come from America and work everywhere ...
Swimming with the tide in a sea of language change
... People argue against tiny matters oflanguage change with great emotion. The issues are blown up out of all proportion. For some, change destroys their language's imagined purity: the metaphors are those of deterioration and decay, and the shout is for 'eternal vigilance' to keep the language intact. ...
... People argue against tiny matters oflanguage change with great emotion. The issues are blown up out of all proportion. For some, change destroys their language's imagined purity: the metaphors are those of deterioration and decay, and the shout is for 'eternal vigilance' to keep the language intact. ...
BORROWINGS IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE Alyona Zagorodneva
... revolting as the new-arrivals began settling in. The Celtic influence began quickly decreasing as the so-called “superior” borrowed words began to take hold. Yet, while the Angles, Saxons and Jutes brought us the original English language, the foundation of English as we know it today is Germanic wi ...
... revolting as the new-arrivals began settling in. The Celtic influence began quickly decreasing as the so-called “superior” borrowed words began to take hold. Yet, while the Angles, Saxons and Jutes brought us the original English language, the foundation of English as we know it today is Germanic wi ...
Swimming with the tide in a sea of language change
... influence of American English, or the growth of indigenous dialects. My impression is that the anxiety (or insecurity, if you prefer) about linguistic change is much more pervasive in Australia than in Britain, and more than in many other Englishspeaking countries, except probably Canada (where the ...
... influence of American English, or the growth of indigenous dialects. My impression is that the anxiety (or insecurity, if you prefer) about linguistic change is much more pervasive in Australia than in Britain, and more than in many other Englishspeaking countries, except probably Canada (where the ...
English language in Europe
The English language in Europe, as a native language, is mainly spoken in the United Kingdom and Ireland. Outside of these states, it has a special status in the Crown dependencies (Isle of Man, Jersey and Guernsey), Gibraltar (one of the British Overseas Territories) and Malta and Cyprus (two former British colonies). In the Kingdom of the Netherlands, English has an official status as a regional language on the isles of Saba and Sint Eustatius. In other parts of Europe, English is spoken mainly by those who have learnt it as a second language, but also, to a lesser extent, natively by expatriates from the English-speaking world.The English language is the sole official language of England and Gibraltar and one of the official languages of the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Malta, the Isle of Man, Jersey, Guernsey and the European Union.According to a survey published in 2006, 13% of EU citizens speak English as their native language. Another 38% of EU citizens state that they have sufficient skills in English to have a conversation, so the total reach of English in the EU is 51%.