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Omar: Sunni, Shi`a, Western Views
Omar: Sunni, Shi`a, Western Views

... Shi'a, Fatima, and her Pleas Shi'a believe Omar to be the main force behind Abu Bakr's rise to power, since they quote him several times stopping Abu Bakr from giving in to Fatima's cries for justice. Omar is responsible for the election that followed after him an election where Ali is quoted to vi ...
Islamic Studies IST SEM
Islamic Studies IST SEM

... because of their evil ways or became strangers in their own homeland, or were forced to seek new homes. The Prophets of Allah () born in the lands far away had sometimes to seek refuge in Arabia from the cruel kings of their lands. Prophet Ibrahim () had migrated to Makkah and Prophet Musa () had ...
Ibn Badis and Modernity
Ibn Badis and Modernity

... beings, be they men or women, except between those who do good and those who do wrong.2 The position into which the Sharia placed women folk was ruled by God, whose reasons could not be appreciated or comprehended by all people. Ibn Badis saw little need to stand in defense of the divine law that af ...
Islam, the origin of Islam by Asghar Ali
Islam, the origin of Islam by Asghar Ali

... He says, ”The picture, widely accepted not only among many foreigners but also among too many Arab Marxists, of an Arab world which is rural and feudal, is one of these commonplaces without any scientific basis which arises from an oversimplified kind of Marxism In reality, the Arab world was very d ...
Has Wahhabi Islam played a part in the rise of global terrorism? `A
Has Wahhabi Islam played a part in the rise of global terrorism? `A

... Ibn Abd al-Wahhab. The term Wahhabi was first used by opponents of Ibn Abd alWahhab’s dawa (call to Islam) to isolate his interpretation of Islam from other forms, and to denigrate his followers on the basis that they were considered followers not of Islam, but of Ibn Abd al-Wahhab himself. The term ...
Islam: Beliefs and Institutions
Islam: Beliefs and Institutions

... agglomerations worthy of the name of towns: Medina, Mekka and Taif. The agglomeration and the port of Jeddah (present population 30,000) date from the Hijra. The Beduins then constituted the great majority of the population as they do today, when they are in the proportion of 83 per cent. It was the ...
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... a land tax (kharaj) on them, a move that would not only benefit the whole community but would also provide good economic prospects for future generations. Although there was strong opposition to his point of view, particularly from the army, becauseit went againstearlier tradition, 'Umar was able to ...
[edit] Death of Husain ibn Ali
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... See also: Succession to Muhammad The rule of the third Caliph Uthman ibn Affan concluded with a violent uprising. This uprising ended with the assassination of Uthman and for many days rebels seized and occupied the city of Medina. Under the overwhelming pressure of the Ummah, Ali ibn Abu Talib was ...
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The Narrative Form of Ibn Ishaq`s Sirat Rasul Allah

... narratives which sought to control the conversations of those respective traditions. It should not be assumed, however, and I am not arguing that these non-Islamic sources solely influenced Ibn Ishaq's writing. Ibn Ishaq certainly drew upon both pre- and early-Islamic texts for inspiration as well. ...
A History of Knowledge
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... It means one sent to appear every hundred years to renovate Islam C) It means a type of degree offered on completion of religio-political course D) A form of governmental institution ...
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... was entrusted as a child by the king to Zunira b. 'Udus, When he grew up he happened to pass by a camel belonging to Suwayd; he ordered it to be slaughtered and ate its meat with his companions. When he returned from hunting, Suwayd was told of Malik's deed. He attacked the youth and wounded him, .a ...
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... Prophet Muhammad did not need to institutionalize a specific form of government or political norm due to the reason that his time was a living condition for introduction of political norms and values. When Prophet Muhammad passed away, his immediate successors began to institutionalize the political ...
(Hisbah) in Islamic Management
(Hisbah) in Islamic Management

... According to him, the aim of management is to develop a civilisation that is condoned by Allah SWT based on the teachings of Tauhid and ethical values of Islam. Hence, it should ensure that management activities are void of corruption, negative characteristics and unfairness either within the organi ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... mercenaries crossed the Syrian desert into present-day Jordan and headed toward the southern tip of the Dead Sea. There the commander - a general named Hieronymus of Cardia - couldn't believe his eyes: scores of Arabic-speaking tribesmen were camped on the shore, with packcamels couched and reed raf ...
JERUSALEM STUDIES IN ARABIC AND ISLAM
JERUSALEM STUDIES IN ARABIC AND ISLAM

... Ka-ba itself. It seems that the main function of the entire enclosure containing the Ka-ba and the Hijr was to mark the boundaries of a sacred ground in which several idols were worshipped. Most of the statues of these idols seem to have been placed within the section of the Hijr. This observation i ...
Chapter XXXVIII - Islamic Philosophy Online
Chapter XXXVIII - Islamic Philosophy Online

... The political institutions of which he speaks had real roots in the political life of the peoples who inhabited a large part of the eastern lands of the 'Abbasid Caliphate, mostly non-Arab races. Most of those institutions had existed there long before the Great Saljags came to adopt them, and still ...
the mecca question
the mecca question

... not only aligned to face the direction of prayer, but they all have an architectural feature built in to emphasise it. The qibla is the direction of prayer that all Muslims face, and every mosque today has a niche (mihrab) built in the qibla wall to provide clear indication of the direction of Mecca ...
Amr ibn al-A`as, a Realistic Examination of an Early Islamic Military
Amr ibn al-A`as, a Realistic Examination of an Early Islamic Military

... only the study of insurgencies in Iraq and Afghanistan, but also explore historical conflicts including the campaigns of Prophet Muhammad and his companions. Muhammad (570-632 CE) forever altered warfare in the Arabian Peninsula. From the time of Muhammad’s death in 632 CE, to the year 711 CE, Islam ...
this Lesson Plan - Foreign Policy Research Institute
this Lesson Plan - Foreign Policy Research Institute

... d. He escaped the massacre at Karbala Umayyad 20. According to Shia Muslims, the story ofHusayn's martyrdom, shows---. a. religious leaders should never interfere c. his ideas were wrong ...
Imam al-Baqir and the Doctrine of Imamate
Imam al-Baqir and the Doctrine of Imamate

... after the Prophet, the nascent Islamic community faced its first crisis around the issue of the leadership of the Muslims: who should lead the community after the Prophet? Muslims were divided on this question and in due course of time it served as a springboard from which various conceptions of aut ...
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4917-4921

... the Azhar hierarchy and other traditionalist elements in the country. His appointment to the office of Mufti of Egypt --- supreme interpreter of the Sharia ---- was largely due to British influence.”(Vitikiotis 1985: 194). The second factor can be termed as the liberal and modernist factor. The libe ...
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... Dear brothers and sisters: The companions of Prophet Muhammad were the best followers; some of them ruled people with justice and wisdom which is evident for their work and actions. Among those companions are Abu Bakr, ‘Umar, Uthman, and Ali. Today I will deal with the life of the second Caliph, Abu ...
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MWNF - Discover Islamic Art

... Sanctification of Bishop Theodorus as a bishop of Jordan and Palestine by the Empress Theodora according to the request of al-Haritha alGhassani. ...
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MWNF - Discover Baroqueart

... Sanctification of Bishop Theodorus as a bishop of Jordan and Palestine by the Empress Theodora according to the request of al-Haritha alGhassani. ...
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History of Islam

The history of Islam concerns the religion of Islam and its adherents, Muslims. ""Muslim"" is an Arabic word meaning ""one who submits to God"". Muslims and their religion have greatly impacted the political, economic, and military history of the Old World, especially the Middle East, where its roots lie. Because of the absence of historical and archaeological record non-Muslims understand Islam to have originated in Mecca and Medina. Beginning in the 7th century the Islamic world expanded to include people of the Islamic civilization, while consuming non-Muslims living in that civilisation.A century after the death of last Islamic prophet Muhammad, the Islamic empire extended from Al-Andalus (Spain) in the west to Indus in the east. The subsequent empires such as those of the Abbasids, Fatimids, Almoravids, Seljukids, Ajuuraan, Adal and Warsangali in Somalia, Mughals in India and Safavids in Persia and Ottomans were among the influential and distinguished powers in the world. The Islamic civilization gave rise to many centers of culture and science and produced notable scientists, astronomers, mathematicians, doctors, nurses and philosophers during the Golden Age of Islam. Technology flourished; there was investment in economic infrastructure, such as irrigation systems and canals; and the importance of reading the Qur'an produced a comparatively high level of literacy in the general populace.In the later Middle Ages, destructive Mongol invasions from the East, and the loss of population in the Black Death, greatly weakened the traditional centre of the Islamic world, stretching from Persia to Egypt, and the Ottoman Empire was able to conquer most Arabic-speaking areas, creating an Islamic world power again, although one that was unable to master the challenges of the Early Modern period.Later, in modern history (18th and 19th centuries), many Islamic regions fell under the influence of European Great Powers. After the First World War, Ottoman territories (a Central Powers member) were partitioned into several nations under the terms of the Treaty of Sèvres.
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