The logic of the prime number distribution
... Therefore you can say that the numbers of all lines which escape to the right, belong to one of the three number sequences SQ1, SQ2 or SQ3 ! This is the new property of the Riemann Zeta Function which I mentioned at the beginning of this chapter, and I found it just a few days ago. Of course this pr ...
... Therefore you can say that the numbers of all lines which escape to the right, belong to one of the three number sequences SQ1, SQ2 or SQ3 ! This is the new property of the Riemann Zeta Function which I mentioned at the beginning of this chapter, and I found it just a few days ago. Of course this pr ...
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... interest in the Fibonacci and related numbers, especially with respect to new results, research proposals, and challenging problems. The Quarterly seeks articles that are intelligible yet stimulating to its readers, most of whom are university teachers and students. These articles should be lively a ...
... interest in the Fibonacci and related numbers, especially with respect to new results, research proposals, and challenging problems. The Quarterly seeks articles that are intelligible yet stimulating to its readers, most of whom are university teachers and students. These articles should be lively a ...
P-adic number
In mathematics the p-adic number system for any prime number p extends the ordinary arithmetic of the rational numbers in a way different from the extension of the rational number system to the real and complex number systems. The extension is achieved by an alternative interpretation of the concept of ""closeness"" or absolute value. In particular, p-adic numbers have the interesting property that they are said to be close when their difference is divisible by a high power of p – the higher the power the closer they are. This property enables p-adic numbers to encode congruence information in a way that turns out to have powerful applications in number theory including, for example, in the famous proof of Fermat's Last Theorem by Andrew Wiles.p-adic numbers were first described by Kurt Hensel in 1897, though with hindsight some of Kummer's earlier work can be interpreted as implicitly using p-adic numbers. The p-adic numbers were motivated primarily by an attempt to bring the ideas and techniques of power series methods into number theory. Their influence now extends far beyond this. For example, the field of p-adic analysis essentially provides an alternative form of calculus.More formally, for a given prime p, the field Qp of p-adic numbers is a completion of the rational numbers. The field Qp is also given a topology derived from a metric, which is itself derived from the p-adic order, an alternative valuation on the rational numbers. This metric space is complete in the sense that every Cauchy sequence converges to a point in Qp. This is what allows the development of calculus on Qp, and it is the interaction of this analytic and algebraic structure which gives the p-adic number systems their power and utility.The p in p-adic is a variable and may be replaced with a prime (yielding, for instance, ""the 2-adic numbers"") or another placeholder variable (for expressions such as ""the ℓ-adic numbers""). The ""adic"" of ""p-adic"" comes from the ending found in words such as dyadic or triadic, and the p means a prime number.