NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES INTERNATIONAL LIQUIDITY AND MONETARY CONTROL Jacob A. Frenkel
... earlier predictions, the questions concerning the provision of international reserves, and the discussions concerning the role of the International Monetary Fund in this context, are as relevant at the present time as they were during the Bretton Woods era. ...
... earlier predictions, the questions concerning the provision of international reserves, and the discussions concerning the role of the International Monetary Fund in this context, are as relevant at the present time as they were during the Bretton Woods era. ...
PDF
... Seafood is the world’s most traded food commodity (Anderson, 2003; Smith et al., 2010) surpassing trade of well-known agricultural commodities like rice, wheat, coffee and sugar. The share of global seafood production that is internationally traded has been rapidly increasing during the last decades ...
... Seafood is the world’s most traded food commodity (Anderson, 2003; Smith et al., 2010) surpassing trade of well-known agricultural commodities like rice, wheat, coffee and sugar. The share of global seafood production that is internationally traded has been rapidly increasing during the last decades ...
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... This approach trades off the loss of power, which results from including unnecessary lags, against the bias that results from excluding necessary lags (Beaulieu and Miron 1993). We have also combined the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), the Corrected Akaike Information Criterion (AICC), and the S ...
... This approach trades off the loss of power, which results from including unnecessary lags, against the bias that results from excluding necessary lags (Beaulieu and Miron 1993). We have also combined the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), the Corrected Akaike Information Criterion (AICC), and the S ...
Forecasting Global Commodity Prices Using South
... 1/3 of the 58 countries that he researches appear to have tangibly interlinked currencies and commodity exports. They state that part of the reason behind their limited findings could be ...
... 1/3 of the 58 countries that he researches appear to have tangibly interlinked currencies and commodity exports. They state that part of the reason behind their limited findings could be ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SEPJES EXPLAINING THE DURATION OF EXCHANGE-RATE PEGS Michael W. Klein
... expected depreciation rates. For most developing countries, however, capital-account nunsacrions controlled, permitted financial transactions involve a risk premium, domestic interest rates do ...
... expected depreciation rates. For most developing countries, however, capital-account nunsacrions controlled, permitted financial transactions involve a risk premium, domestic interest rates do ...
Mankiw 5/e Chapter 5: The Open Economy
... real: the price of a country’s goods in terms of another country’s goods. The real exchange rate equals the nominal rate times the ratio of prices of the two countries. ...
... real: the price of a country’s goods in terms of another country’s goods. The real exchange rate equals the nominal rate times the ratio of prices of the two countries. ...
Do China and oil exporters influence major currency configurations?
... It is of course difficult to gauge to what extent the magnitude of these estimates is economically relevant. Calculating the cumulated effect of EME statements by year shows that statements by EME officials led to an appreciation of the euro against the US dollar by as much as 7 percentage points i ...
... It is of course difficult to gauge to what extent the magnitude of these estimates is economically relevant. Calculating the cumulated effect of EME statements by year shows that statements by EME officials led to an appreciation of the euro against the US dollar by as much as 7 percentage points i ...
... This paper re-formulates Mundell’s analysis from the perspective of modern international macroeconomics. Like Mundell, we study the dynamics of an economy where the likelihood that a currency peg will be maintained depends on the stock of foreign reserves. In contrast with his analysis, however, we ...
PDF
... The model includes five source specific trout and four macro-economic variables, i.e., exchange rates of U.S. Dollar – Canadian Dollar, U.S. Dollar – Argentina Peso, U.S. Dollar – Chilean Peso, U.S. Dollar – currency of ROW (we used the Uruguayan Peso as the ROW unit of currency). This study obtain ...
... The model includes five source specific trout and four macro-economic variables, i.e., exchange rates of U.S. Dollar – Canadian Dollar, U.S. Dollar – Argentina Peso, U.S. Dollar – Chilean Peso, U.S. Dollar – currency of ROW (we used the Uruguayan Peso as the ROW unit of currency). This study obtain ...
Euro-Dollar Real Exchange Rate Dynamics in an
... exchange rate in particular, the correlation between the real exchange rate and the ratio of consumption levels in both countries (taking logs and first differences) is 0:18. Hence, models that incorporate complete markets are bound to fail in explaining key features of the international dimension o ...
... exchange rate in particular, the correlation between the real exchange rate and the ratio of consumption levels in both countries (taking logs and first differences) is 0:18. Hence, models that incorporate complete markets are bound to fail in explaining key features of the international dimension o ...
Monetary policy response on exchange rate volatility in Indonesia
... Exchange rate is determined by supply and demand of foreign exchange in a free foreign exchange market that causes the exchange rate movements, i.e. to appreciate or depreciate. The exchange rate might be very volatile in a short period. Indeed, exchange rates can fluctuate by several percentage poi ...
... Exchange rate is determined by supply and demand of foreign exchange in a free foreign exchange market that causes the exchange rate movements, i.e. to appreciate or depreciate. The exchange rate might be very volatile in a short period. Indeed, exchange rates can fluctuate by several percentage poi ...
FREE Manual
... work as they do because they are used extensively by the many people who trade these markets. Most of these traders watch this activity and interpret the unfolding patterns strictly by observation. Therefore it is also wise for you to make the same observations. Since this tool is intended to be int ...
... work as they do because they are used extensively by the many people who trade these markets. Most of these traders watch this activity and interpret the unfolding patterns strictly by observation. Therefore it is also wise for you to make the same observations. Since this tool is intended to be int ...
Exchange rate or inflation targeting in monetary policy?
... Levelling out currency fluctuations reduces uncertainty and thereby stimulates trade. However, it is probable that the impact of such costs can be reduced by enhanced methods for minimizing currency risks.3 Secondly, a fixed exchange rate can serve as the anchor of monetary policy and increase its ...
... Levelling out currency fluctuations reduces uncertainty and thereby stimulates trade. However, it is probable that the impact of such costs can be reduced by enhanced methods for minimizing currency risks.3 Secondly, a fixed exchange rate can serve as the anchor of monetary policy and increase its ...
Comparative Study: Factors that Affect Foreign Currency Reserves
... probably low—in an era of increased exchange-rate flexibility and very high capital mobility. The increasing growth of foreign reserves, contrary to what was predicted, has forced researchers to revisit this area and put forth new theories to explain why the evidence seems contradictory to the theor ...
... probably low—in an era of increased exchange-rate flexibility and very high capital mobility. The increasing growth of foreign reserves, contrary to what was predicted, has forced researchers to revisit this area and put forth new theories to explain why the evidence seems contradictory to the theor ...
Application - BSP SouthPool
... Introduction and Filing Address Borzen, organizator trga z električno energijo, d.o.o. (hereinafter referred to as “Borzen”) is competent to establish and operate the Slovenian balancing market as it’s delegated commercial public service obligation and to issue Rules for the Operation of the Sloveni ...
... Introduction and Filing Address Borzen, organizator trga z električno energijo, d.o.o. (hereinafter referred to as “Borzen”) is competent to establish and operate the Slovenian balancing market as it’s delegated commercial public service obligation and to issue Rules for the Operation of the Sloveni ...
Chapter 13
... • The real exchange rate and net exports – The J curve • The effect of a change in the real exchange rate may be weak in the short run and can even go the “wrong” way • Although a rise in the real exchange rate will reduce net exports in the long run, in the short run it may be difficult to quickly ...
... • The real exchange rate and net exports – The J curve • The effect of a change in the real exchange rate may be weak in the short run and can even go the “wrong” way • Although a rise in the real exchange rate will reduce net exports in the long run, in the short run it may be difficult to quickly ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES SOUTH KOREA’S EXPERIENCE WITH INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL FLOWS Marcus Noland
... were causal: this paper will not speculate on the counterfactual of what South Korean economic performance might have been under a different policy package, but will simply acknowledge that this period of rapid growth coincided with the existence of capital controls, and that these controls and the ...
... were causal: this paper will not speculate on the counterfactual of what South Korean economic performance might have been under a different policy package, but will simply acknowledge that this period of rapid growth coincided with the existence of capital controls, and that these controls and the ...
Monetary Policy and the Exchange Rate in
... The monetary policy framework in Colombia is based on an extended Inflation Targeting strategy that aims at maintaining a low and stable inflation rate, stabilizing output around its natural level and contributing to the preservation of financial stability. The latter objective is shared with other ...
... The monetary policy framework in Colombia is based on an extended Inflation Targeting strategy that aims at maintaining a low and stable inflation rate, stabilizing output around its natural level and contributing to the preservation of financial stability. The latter objective is shared with other ...
Indian Currency, Exchange Rate Regime and Policy (PDF
... were used for monetary transactions. The Greek legends were extensively used in the coins. The Indian Republic has been following the Saka era as its official calendar. The Kushan gold coins had portraits of Siva, Buddha and Kartikeya. The coins of Satavahana, who ruled India during 270 BC to 30 BC ...
... were used for monetary transactions. The Greek legends were extensively used in the coins. The Indian Republic has been following the Saka era as its official calendar. The Kushan gold coins had portraits of Siva, Buddha and Kartikeya. The coins of Satavahana, who ruled India during 270 BC to 30 BC ...
View/Open - Hasanuddin University
... different areas within the company. The effective way to deal with this challenge is done by assessing the foreign exchange the functional areas, and that giving more autonomy to subsidiaries operating in changing environments to make decision and implement initiatives against foreign exchange. This ...
... different areas within the company. The effective way to deal with this challenge is done by assessing the foreign exchange the functional areas, and that giving more autonomy to subsidiaries operating in changing environments to make decision and implement initiatives against foreign exchange. This ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES CAPITAL CONTROLS, THE DUAL EXCHANGE RATE, AND Maurice Obstfeld
... The paper is organized as follows. Section I studies the benchmark case of perfect capital mobility, showing that under certain idealized conditions (including interest—bearing official reserves), devaluation is fully neutral, even in the short run. This result was demonstrated previously in Obstfel ...
... The paper is organized as follows. Section I studies the benchmark case of perfect capital mobility, showing that under certain idealized conditions (including interest—bearing official reserves), devaluation is fully neutral, even in the short run. This result was demonstrated previously in Obstfel ...
