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Chapter 2: How LAN and WAN Communications Work
Chapter 2: How LAN and WAN Communications Work

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artially Connected Operation
artially Connected Operation

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... model has started to evolve taking RRs out of the data paths to deliver applications requiring PE-PE encapsulation (e.g. L3VPN). With edge to edge MPLS or IP encapsulation also used to carry Internet traffic, this model has been gradually extended to other BGP address families, including IPv4/v6 Inter ...
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... Spoofing is where an intruder manipulates packets by spoofing. This injects a false source IP address so that it appears to be a valid address to the recipient. This is called a one-way masquerade since the intruder can inject information into the system but not receive any replies. To receive repli ...
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... encryption. It is developed by Microsoft and uses client/server architecture. It enables users to access remote networks securely and easily and works by forming tunnels between the client and the server. Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) is one of the key building blocks for VPNs in the dial access ...
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... belong to the host ID portion of the address. Each octet can contain 256 possible values (0–255), so a class A address supports 16,777,216 hosts on the network (256 × 256 × 256). Actually, there are only 16,777,214 valid addresses to use on systems, inasmuch as there are two addresses on each IP net ...
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... protocols for ad hoc networks,1 other, distributed service discovery approaches are required. Another aspect, namely the position dependency of services, influences the development of communication-based applications and protocols. Nowadays, cars can be equipped with navigation systems due to exhaus ...
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TCP in wireless environments: problems and solutions

... delivery of packets between end hosts. It focuses on the routing mechanism that guides the packets from a host to one or multiple designated hosts based on the addressing scheme. As a best effort type of protocol, IP has fulfilled its task fairly well. TCP is a layer four transport protocol that use ...
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Computer network

A computer network or data network is a telecommunications network which allows computers to exchange data. In computer networks, networked computing devices exchange data with each other along network links (data connections). The connections between nodes are established using either cable media or wireless media. The best-known computer network is the Internet.Network computer devices that originate, route and terminate the data are called network nodes. Nodes can include hosts such as personal computers, phones, servers as well as networking hardware. Two such devices can be said to be networked together when one device is able to exchange information with the other device, whether or not they have a direct connection to each other.Computer networks differ in the transmission media used to carry their signals, the communications protocols to organize network traffic, the network's size, topology and organizational intent. In most cases, communications protocols are layered on (i.e. work using) other more specific or more general communications protocols, except for the physical layer that directly deals with the transmission media.Computer networks support applications such as access to the World Wide Web, shared use of application and storage servers, printers, and fax machines, and use of email and instant messaging applications.
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