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1. Introduction - Polaris Plate Heat Exchangers
1. Introduction - Polaris Plate Heat Exchangers

... Many industrial processes need pure water, free from particles and other impurities. Modern water supplies are often severely polluted; this puts heavy demands on purification and filtration equipment. A good system must be simple, efficient and reliable. In 1990 Mr. Ulf Steiner and his R&D team dev ...
Coriolis force
Coriolis force

... • The Coriolis effect exists only when one uses a rotating reference frame. In the rotating frame it behaves exactly like a real force. However, Coriolis force is a consequence of inertia and is not attributable to an identifiable originating body, as is the case for electromagnetic or nuclear force ...
Chapter 1 THE NATURE OF PHYSICS
Chapter 1 THE NATURE OF PHYSICS

... definition can adequately reflect the mixture of created error, accumulated knowledge, unifying ideas, mathematical equations, philosophical impact, and practical application that comprise physics. The modern physicist has generalized the idea of master to include the distributed energy wave fields ...
formatted for A4 paper  - Inference Group
formatted for A4 paper - Inference Group

Thermal convection in rotating spherical shells Ferran Garcia Gonzalez
Thermal convection in rotating spherical shells Ferran Garcia Gonzalez

... shear of the flow. According to [6], it is not clear if this behaviour could persist even if the dissipation were in the boundary layers, rather than in the interior of the fluid. Using three-dimensional numerical computations and the free-slip case, [29] predicts, using the scaling laws in the limi ...
University of Maryland Department of Computer Science TR-4901
University of Maryland Department of Computer Science TR-4901

... methods (AMG), as building blocks for the linear solver. The paper is organized as follows. Section 2 gives a brief description and justification of the physical motivation for modeling ICEO mixing devices. Section 3 describes the steps necessary to model ICEO flows. Section 4 describes the Navier-S ...
astrophysical gyrokinetics: basic equations and linear theory
astrophysical gyrokinetics: basic equations and linear theory

Re: Wire length, coil geometry, and velocity factor
Re: Wire length, coil geometry, and velocity factor

... Now a little more expository waffle. Some of this repeats things already said, but maybe in a different way... In a straight wire, the H field lines are circular around the wire, and the E field lines are radial. The resulting Poynting vector (which points out the direction in which the conducted en ...
Simulation of boundary slip on a liquid
Simulation of boundary slip on a liquid

... lems at microscale 10, 11 . At nanometre-scale, Priezjev’s simulation is quite successful 12 . Simulating flow with boundary slip at millimetre scale is more difficult. Based on the mesoscopic kinetic mode, the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is suitable for mesoscopic simulations whose non-continuou ...
Temperature-induced migration of a bubble in a soft microcavity
Temperature-induced migration of a bubble in a soft microcavity

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Simple harmonic motion

... xix) If the pendulum of a clock is made of metal, it runs slow during summer and fast during winter due to thermal expansion or contraction. xx) If a boy sitting in a swing stands up, as centre of Mass rised up, length of the pendulum decreases and hence the period of the swing decreases. xxi) If th ...
Average velocity of solitary coarse grain in flows over smooth and
Average velocity of solitary coarse grain in flows over smooth and

... In the following, individual data analysis is performed for each case to check applicability of the foregoing theoretical consideration. ...
L3-Renal Clearance
L3-Renal Clearance

... Substances used for measurement of GFR are not suitable for the measurement of Renal Blood Flow. Why? Because Inulin clearance only reflects the volume of plasma that is filtered (GFR) and not that remains unfiltered (RBF) and get passes through the kidney. It is known that only 1/5 of the plasma th ...
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Scalable nano-particle assembly by efficient light-induced concentration and fusion Benjamin K. Wilson
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... The avalanche concentration process utilizes two main forces, the drag from the convective flow of the liquid induced by a localized temperature gradient and the optical forces caused by the focused Gaussian optical beam (Figure 1). When NPs with large absorption cross-sections are excited by optica ...
319 bladerunner
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... using a general relationship between the viscous pressure correction and the vorticity distribution for a spherical bubble in an arbitrary axisymmetric flow. The values of CD given by Stoke’s flow, viscous potential flow and the dissipation are 16/Re , 32/Re and 48/Re , respectively. It seems to me tha ...
Nonlinear transport current flow in superconductors with planar obstacles
Nonlinear transport current flow in superconductors with planar obstacles

... ⫺1)/2冑n in the hodograph space (E x E y ). We give general methods of solving the hodograph equations and obtain closed-form analytical solutions for particular current flows. The method is applied to calculate distributions of E(r) and dissipation in superconductors with macroscopic planar defects, ...
Low Noise, increased reliability, digital control
Low Noise, increased reliability, digital control

... During one revolution of the pump each piston chamber is connected over an angle of 180° to the low pressure and to the high pressure side. During the transition process the pressure in the piston chamber is alternating between this two levels. The transition process is very rapid and is finished af ...
9.1: Summary of selected methods for improving filtration properties
9.1: Summary of selected methods for improving filtration properties

... Where A is real filter surface, x and y is proportions of the square pipeline, h is the thickness of pleated filter and n is the density of pleates (1/m). Pleating process leads to bigger filter surface and linear relation between the pressure drop and filter surface express very simple D´Arcy´s law ...
EM Energy from the vacuum: ten questions with
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Cytoplasmic Electric Fields and Electroosmosis: Possible Solution
Cytoplasmic Electric Fields and Electroosmosis: Possible Solution

Evanescent Wave Illumination Evanescent Wave Microscopy
Evanescent Wave Illumination Evanescent Wave Microscopy

2 Relief valves
2 Relief valves

Separation in three-dimensional steady flows
Separation in three-dimensional steady flows

... 7 – Do not forget some fundamental theorems: Kelvin, Helmholtz. A vortex cannot originate nor terminate within a flow, it must closes on itself or be in contact with a material boundary, or goes to infinity (except if destroyed by viscosity!) ...
Fluids
Fluids

< 1 ... 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ... 59 >

Turbulence



In fluid dynamics, turbulence or turbulent flow is a flow regime characterized by chaotic property changes. This includes low momentum diffusion, high momentum convection, and rapid variation of pressure and flow velocity in space and time.Flow in which the kinetic energy dies out due to the action of fluid molecular viscosity is called laminar flow. While there is no theorem relating the non-dimensional Reynolds number (Re) to turbulence, flows at Reynolds numbers larger than 5000 are typically (but not necessarily) turbulent, while those at low Reynolds numbers usually remain laminar. In Poiseuille flow, for example, turbulence can first be sustained if the Reynolds number is larger than a critical value of about 2040; moreover, the turbulence is generally interspersed with laminar flow until a larger Reynolds number of about 4000.In turbulent flow, unsteady vortices appear on many scales and interact with each other. Drag due to boundary layer skin friction increases. The structure and location of boundary layer separation often changes, sometimes resulting in a reduction of overall drag. Although laminar-turbulent transition is not governed by Reynolds number, the same transition occurs if the size of the object is gradually increased, or the viscosity of the fluid is decreased, or if the density of the fluid is increased. Nobel Laureate Richard Feynman described turbulence as ""the most important unsolved problem of classical physics.""
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