Question 1 The star Regulus, in the constellation Leo, appears
... . The star Regulus, in the constellation Leo, appears brighter through a blue filter than it does through a yellow filter. Suppose that a second star is found that has the same brightness as Regulus through the blue filter but is brighter than Regulus through the yellow filter. From this informati ...
... . The star Regulus, in the constellation Leo, appears brighter through a blue filter than it does through a yellow filter. Suppose that a second star is found that has the same brightness as Regulus through the blue filter but is brighter than Regulus through the yellow filter. From this informati ...
Astrophysical explosions: from solar flares to cosmic gamma
... and the associated repetition time scale [13,14]. For classical novae, hydrogen-rich matter is deposited on the surface of the white dwarf on a modest time scale that allows the added mass to cool and form an electron-degenerate layer. In such a layer, the pressure is insensitive to the temperature. ...
... and the associated repetition time scale [13,14]. For classical novae, hydrogen-rich matter is deposited on the surface of the white dwarf on a modest time scale that allows the added mass to cool and form an electron-degenerate layer. In such a layer, the pressure is insensitive to the temperature. ...
Black Hole
... The surface gravity is so high that a 150 pound person would weigh a million tons. You would be squeezed flatter than a piece of paper. The fastest pulsar known has a period of 0.0014 s. The star spins 642 times per second. Dozens of such “millisecond pulsars” are known. More are being discovered. I ...
... The surface gravity is so high that a 150 pound person would weigh a million tons. You would be squeezed flatter than a piece of paper. The fastest pulsar known has a period of 0.0014 s. The star spins 642 times per second. Dozens of such “millisecond pulsars” are known. More are being discovered. I ...
SUMSS - 京都大学
... • The process by which these black holes form appears to be tightly related to the process of galaxy formation, in ways we don’t yet understand fully. • Massive black holes are the central engines of active galactic nuclei (radio galaxies and quasars) though the level of activity has varied over cos ...
... • The process by which these black holes form appears to be tightly related to the process of galaxy formation, in ways we don’t yet understand fully. • Massive black holes are the central engines of active galactic nuclei (radio galaxies and quasars) though the level of activity has varied over cos ...
A time travel of 14 billion years
... In the early 1920s Hubble played a key role in establishing just what galaxies are. It was known that some spiral nebulae (fuzzy clouds of light on the night sky) contained individual stars, but there was no consensus as to whether these were relatively small collections of stars within our own gala ...
... In the early 1920s Hubble played a key role in establishing just what galaxies are. It was known that some spiral nebulae (fuzzy clouds of light on the night sky) contained individual stars, but there was no consensus as to whether these were relatively small collections of stars within our own gala ...
universe
... The age of universe can be determined by imaging what the universe looked like in the past, “rewinding” the expansion. In the past the galaxies must have been closer together, and in the distant past they would have been packed together in a tiny point. If we assume that the expansion rate is consta ...
... The age of universe can be determined by imaging what the universe looked like in the past, “rewinding” the expansion. In the past the galaxies must have been closer together, and in the distant past they would have been packed together in a tiny point. If we assume that the expansion rate is consta ...
Document
... star will become a neutron star. • After a supernova explosion, in a very high mass star the core that remains will be so massive, that without the energy created by nuclear fusion to support it, the core is swallowed by its own gravity. • The gravity of the core is so strong that light cannot escap ...
... star will become a neutron star. • After a supernova explosion, in a very high mass star the core that remains will be so massive, that without the energy created by nuclear fusion to support it, the core is swallowed by its own gravity. • The gravity of the core is so strong that light cannot escap ...
pptx - Particle Physics and Particle Astrophysics
... Coded mask patterns vary from apparently random to highly structured, but are in fact designed according to established principles Better angular resolution than collimators (WFC: 5' (source location <1')) coupled with wide field of view (WFC: 20° × 20°) ...
... Coded mask patterns vary from apparently random to highly structured, but are in fact designed according to established principles Better angular resolution than collimators (WFC: 5' (source location <1')) coupled with wide field of view (WFC: 20° × 20°) ...
Galaxy
... When one star hides another star it is called an eclipsing star Astronomers know there are actually 2 stars by looking at the effects of gravity Our solar system is not the only solar system with planets revolving around a star In 2000, astronomers discovered a solar system about 10.5 light- ...
... When one star hides another star it is called an eclipsing star Astronomers know there are actually 2 stars by looking at the effects of gravity Our solar system is not the only solar system with planets revolving around a star In 2000, astronomers discovered a solar system about 10.5 light- ...
Evolution of Stars and Galaxies
... Black hole If supernova core is 3 or more times as massive as Sun core will collapse Not even light can escape An event horizon anything crossing this will go (region nothing can escape) Other stars orbit around it as usual ...
... Black hole If supernova core is 3 or more times as massive as Sun core will collapse Not even light can escape An event horizon anything crossing this will go (region nothing can escape) Other stars orbit around it as usual ...
Light Energy, Dark Energy 1. Another View of Olber's Paradox
... The universe is filled with stars like the Sun, each one of them putting out way more light energy than it absorbs. Since this light has nowhere to go, it can only build up with time. Technicality: You might ask, what about planets and gas and dust – can't they absorb the light?. Indeed they can, bu ...
... The universe is filled with stars like the Sun, each one of them putting out way more light energy than it absorbs. Since this light has nowhere to go, it can only build up with time. Technicality: You might ask, what about planets and gas and dust – can't they absorb the light?. Indeed they can, bu ...
Chapter 14 Black Holes as Central Engines
... The Planck law describes thermal emission, which is characterized by the emission of radiation from a hot gas that is in approximate thermal equilibrium; the resulting spectrum is a blackbody spectrum. The characteristic Planck law curves for thermal emission peak at some wavelength, and fall off ra ...
... The Planck law describes thermal emission, which is characterized by the emission of radiation from a hot gas that is in approximate thermal equilibrium; the resulting spectrum is a blackbody spectrum. The characteristic Planck law curves for thermal emission peak at some wavelength, and fall off ra ...
Page 25 - Types of Galaxies
... • These galaxies are neither spiral nor elliptical. • They tend to be smaller objects that are without definite shape and tend to have very hot newer stars mixed in with lots of gas and dust. • These galaxies often have active regions of star formation. Sometimes the irregular shape of these galaxie ...
... • These galaxies are neither spiral nor elliptical. • They tend to be smaller objects that are without definite shape and tend to have very hot newer stars mixed in with lots of gas and dust. • These galaxies often have active regions of star formation. Sometimes the irregular shape of these galaxie ...
UNIT 4 - Rowan County Schools
... • Have very low energy • Used to gather information about: – Supernova – Quasars/blazars (activie galaxies) – Pulsars – The interstellar medium – The big bang ...
... • Have very low energy • Used to gather information about: – Supernova – Quasars/blazars (activie galaxies) – Pulsars – The interstellar medium – The big bang ...
Exam 3 Study Guide
... How do spiral galaxies form? A protogalactic cloud forms a disk because of available gas. For this to happen, the cloud must not be so dense that stars quickly form. The disk is formed because of conservation of angular momentum. The spiral arms form when gas clouds are squeezed, trigging star forma ...
... How do spiral galaxies form? A protogalactic cloud forms a disk because of available gas. For this to happen, the cloud must not be so dense that stars quickly form. The disk is formed because of conservation of angular momentum. The spiral arms form when gas clouds are squeezed, trigging star forma ...
Ch 28 Outline
... The formation of iron nuclei does NOT release energy; instead it ABSORBS energy, so the iron core quickly and suddenly collapses producing a shock wave → supernova, a brilliant burst of light. When a large star explodes as a supernova, it produces many elements, including copper, uranium, silver and ...
... The formation of iron nuclei does NOT release energy; instead it ABSORBS energy, so the iron core quickly and suddenly collapses producing a shock wave → supernova, a brilliant burst of light. When a large star explodes as a supernova, it produces many elements, including copper, uranium, silver and ...
Hungry Young Stars: A New Explanation for the FU Ori Outbursts
... • We provide an explanation for the origin of FU Ori bursts. • A young star devours embryos that form in the disk, resulting in colossal bursts of luminosity. This process repeats as long as nebular material rains onto the disk. • The new feature in our model is the self-consistent formation and evo ...
... • We provide an explanation for the origin of FU Ori bursts. • A young star devours embryos that form in the disk, resulting in colossal bursts of luminosity. This process repeats as long as nebular material rains onto the disk. • The new feature in our model is the self-consistent formation and evo ...
Titelseite
... • Gamma spectroscopy has many advantages compared with optical measurements, especially when detecting super nova related data: the decays are not affected by the heat- or mass density, and while optical methods are affected by the shell structure of supernovae (several months can pass until the cor ...
... • Gamma spectroscopy has many advantages compared with optical measurements, especially when detecting super nova related data: the decays are not affected by the heat- or mass density, and while optical methods are affected by the shell structure of supernovae (several months can pass until the cor ...
Life Cycle of a Star
... massive they collapse into an object called a black hole • Light can not escape a black holes gravity because it is so massive • They are only detected through x-rays that can determine a black hole through materials from stars filtering ...
... massive they collapse into an object called a black hole • Light can not escape a black holes gravity because it is so massive • They are only detected through x-rays that can determine a black hole through materials from stars filtering ...
Lecture 31
... light years--not a star, and L = 1040 watts--1,000 L (MW)!! .8 to 14(?) Billion years--distance range. L = 1038-1042 watts. Energy comes from a region solar system-sized. Radio Jets. A thermal (synchotron) and non-thermal (black-body) continuous spectrum & broad (gas with varying speeds) lines. Foun ...
... light years--not a star, and L = 1040 watts--1,000 L (MW)!! .8 to 14(?) Billion years--distance range. L = 1038-1042 watts. Energy comes from a region solar system-sized. Radio Jets. A thermal (synchotron) and non-thermal (black-body) continuous spectrum & broad (gas with varying speeds) lines. Foun ...
ppp
... be sucked into the center of the galaxy • The direction of the velocity should also be tangential to the desired orbit ...
... be sucked into the center of the galaxy • The direction of the velocity should also be tangential to the desired orbit ...
11.3 Measuring Distances in Space
... are the smallest objects at 10-18 m while our universe is estimated to be 1026 m. This is a total difference of 1044 from smallest to largest things in our universe. ...
... are the smallest objects at 10-18 m while our universe is estimated to be 1026 m. This is a total difference of 1044 from smallest to largest things in our universe. ...
stars & galaxies
... our home iN The sTars… • The Milky Way has a diameter of about 100,000 light years. • The nucleus is 2000 light years thick. • Our sun is located 30,000 light years from the nucleus. • It takes the sun 200 million years to ...
... our home iN The sTars… • The Milky Way has a diameter of about 100,000 light years. • The nucleus is 2000 light years thick. • Our sun is located 30,000 light years from the nucleus. • It takes the sun 200 million years to ...
Focus Week: Messengers of Supernova Explosions
... Texas A&M, Keiichi Maeda/IPMU). Recent developments in observational methods have led to the discovery of new types of supernovae, which are either extremely bright or faint (Peter ...
... Texas A&M, Keiichi Maeda/IPMU). Recent developments in observational methods have led to the discovery of new types of supernovae, which are either extremely bright or faint (Peter ...
Gamma-ray burst
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are flashes of gamma rays associated with extremely energetic explosions that have been observed in distant galaxies. They are the brightest electromagnetic events known to occur in the universe. Bursts can last from ten milliseconds to several hours. The initial burst is usually followed by a longer-lived ""afterglow"" emitted at longer wavelengths (X-ray, ultraviolet, optical, infrared, microwave and radio).Most observed GRBs are believed to consist of a narrow beam of intense radiation released during a supernova or hypernova as a rapidly rotating, high-mass star collapses to form a neutron star, quark star, or black hole. A subclass of GRBs (the ""short"" bursts) appear to originate from a different process – this may be due to the merger of binary neutron stars. The cause of the precursor burst observed in some of these short events may be due to the development of a resonance between the crust and core of such stars as a result of the massive tidal forces experienced in the seconds leading up to their collision, causing the entire crust of the star to shatter.The sources of most GRBs are billions of light years away from Earth, implying that the explosions are both extremely energetic (a typical burst releases as much energy in a few seconds as the Sun will in its entire 10-billion-year lifetime) and extremely rare (a few per galaxy per million years). All observed GRBs have originated from outside the Milky Way galaxy, although a related class of phenomena, soft gamma repeater flares, are associated with magnetars within the Milky Way. It has been hypothesized that a gamma-ray burst in the Milky Way, pointing directly towards the Earth, could cause a mass extinction event.GRBs were first detected in 1967 by the Vela satellites, a series of satellites designed to detect covert nuclear weapons tests. Hundreds of theoretical models were proposed to explain these bursts in the years following their discovery, such as collisions between comets and neutron stars. Little information was available to verify these models until the 1997 detection of the first X-ray and optical afterglows and direct measurement of their redshifts using optical spectroscopy, and thus their distances and energy outputs. These discoveries, and subsequent studies of the galaxies and supernovae associated with the bursts, clarified the distance and luminosity of GRBs. These facts definitively placed them in distant galaxies and also connected long GRBs with the explosion of massive stars, the only possible source for the energy outputs observed.