Sample pages 1 PDF
... the Big Bang, i.e., at a time 2:7 105 t0 , have made an important contribution to what we know today about the composition of the Universe. However, these results raise more questions than they answer: only 4 % of the energy content of the Universe can be accounted for by matter which is well- ...
... the Big Bang, i.e., at a time 2:7 105 t0 , have made an important contribution to what we know today about the composition of the Universe. However, these results raise more questions than they answer: only 4 % of the energy content of the Universe can be accounted for by matter which is well- ...
The Submillimeter Frontier: A Space Science Imperative
... of galaxies show a rapid increase in star formation rate, hence luminosity, as a function of redshift, peaking at about 10 times that in the local universe at z ∼ 1.5 (Madau, Pozzetti & Dickinson 1998). The far-infrared/submillimeter extragalactic background measured by the DIRBE and FIRAS instrumen ...
... of galaxies show a rapid increase in star formation rate, hence luminosity, as a function of redshift, peaking at about 10 times that in the local universe at z ∼ 1.5 (Madau, Pozzetti & Dickinson 1998). The far-infrared/submillimeter extragalactic background measured by the DIRBE and FIRAS instrumen ...
Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe Section 1
... The Expanding Universe • Using Hubble’s observations, astronomers have been able to determine that the universe is expanding. • The expanding universe can be thought of as a raisin cake rising in the oven. If you were able to sit on one raisin, you would see all the other raisins moving away ...
... The Expanding Universe • Using Hubble’s observations, astronomers have been able to determine that the universe is expanding. • The expanding universe can be thought of as a raisin cake rising in the oven. If you were able to sit on one raisin, you would see all the other raisins moving away ...
Test 4 Review Clicker Questions
... a) the waves penetrate dusty cocoons to reveal star formation. b) it reflects from the Galaxy’s core. c) the waves are not absorbed by galactic black holes. d) it can be used to map out the cool hydrogen in spiral arms. e) radio waves provide a distance ...
... a) the waves penetrate dusty cocoons to reveal star formation. b) it reflects from the Galaxy’s core. c) the waves are not absorbed by galactic black holes. d) it can be used to map out the cool hydrogen in spiral arms. e) radio waves provide a distance ...
Dark Matter In The 21st Century
... 3) The laws of physics are different in the Coma cluster than in our galaxy 4) The vast majority of the Coma cluster’s mass is in non-luminous material (dark matter) To discriminate between these various possibilities, it would be necessary to study other clusters and see if they too had large mass ...
... 3) The laws of physics are different in the Coma cluster than in our galaxy 4) The vast majority of the Coma cluster’s mass is in non-luminous material (dark matter) To discriminate between these various possibilities, it would be necessary to study other clusters and see if they too had large mass ...
The Essential Cosmic Perspective, 6e
... 2) Briefly explain what we mean by the statement "The farther away we look in distance, the further back we look in time." Answer: It means that when we look at a distant object, we see it as it was some time in the past, rather than as it is now. This is because the light we see has taken time to t ...
... 2) Briefly explain what we mean by the statement "The farther away we look in distance, the further back we look in time." Answer: It means that when we look at a distant object, we see it as it was some time in the past, rather than as it is now. This is because the light we see has taken time to t ...
Abstract - UChicago High Energy Physics
... composition [2, 9, 12–16]. The neutrino flavor composition above the neutrino trapping surface depends not only on thermodynamics in the trapped regions, but also the oscillation of neutrinos as they leave the disk. The high neutrino density coupled with high matter density provide an environment wh ...
... composition [2, 9, 12–16]. The neutrino flavor composition above the neutrino trapping surface depends not only on thermodynamics in the trapped regions, but also the oscillation of neutrinos as they leave the disk. The high neutrino density coupled with high matter density provide an environment wh ...
NASA FUSE Satellite Solves the Case of the Missing Deuterium
... computer models that showed how deuterium, compared to hydrogen, might preferentially bind to interstellar dust grains, changing from an easily detectable gaseous form to an unobservable solid form. The new FUSE data strongly support this theory. In regions that remain undisturbed for long periods, ...
... computer models that showed how deuterium, compared to hydrogen, might preferentially bind to interstellar dust grains, changing from an easily detectable gaseous form to an unobservable solid form. The new FUSE data strongly support this theory. In regions that remain undisturbed for long periods, ...
The Sculptor dwarf irregular galaxy SDIG: present and past
... (de Vaucouleurs et al. 1991) lists a colour excess of zero, which is derived from galaxy counts and measurements of galactic H I (Burstein & Heiles 1984). Given that SDIG is more than 10° away from the Sculptor dwarf spheroidal, a direct measurement is preferable. Thus, the authors adopt the RC3 val ...
... (de Vaucouleurs et al. 1991) lists a colour excess of zero, which is derived from galaxy counts and measurements of galactic H I (Burstein & Heiles 1984). Given that SDIG is more than 10° away from the Sculptor dwarf spheroidal, a direct measurement is preferable. Thus, the authors adopt the RC3 val ...
Formation of z~6 Quasars from Hierarchical Galaxy Mergers
... the epoch of reionization) ¥ Lack of evolution in their SED compared to low redshift Quasars ...
... the epoch of reionization) ¥ Lack of evolution in their SED compared to low redshift Quasars ...
The Formation and Evolution of Massive Black Holes - Ira-Inaf
... produce a very massive star of up to a few thousand M⊙ before the first supernovae explode. When heavy elements are still rare, just about when the second generation of stars occurs, the final fate of a very massive star is to collapse into a black hole with a mass similar to that of its progenitor. ...
... produce a very massive star of up to a few thousand M⊙ before the first supernovae explode. When heavy elements are still rare, just about when the second generation of stars occurs, the final fate of a very massive star is to collapse into a black hole with a mass similar to that of its progenitor. ...
The Star-Galaxy Era of Big History in the Light of Universal
... The main structural elements of the Universe are galaxies, their clusters, and superclusters. All the structural elements are rather stable in terms of gravitation, though they can split, merge, and collide. Galaxies are integral structural entities with a rather complex structure which includes, in ...
... The main structural elements of the Universe are galaxies, their clusters, and superclusters. All the structural elements are rather stable in terms of gravitation, though they can split, merge, and collide. Galaxies are integral structural entities with a rather complex structure which includes, in ...
OSP2016Level 3 Map - Oregon Star Party
... What is it? V404 Cyg is a black hole (12+/- 3 solar masses) with late K or early G type stellar companion that’s slightly smaller than the Sun, orbiting each other in less than 6.5 days. They are approximately 7800 light years away. Why you want to see it: The stellar companion is distorted into a ...
... What is it? V404 Cyg is a black hole (12+/- 3 solar masses) with late K or early G type stellar companion that’s slightly smaller than the Sun, orbiting each other in less than 6.5 days. They are approximately 7800 light years away. Why you want to see it: The stellar companion is distorted into a ...
Lectures 19-20 The Milky Way Galaxy
... The Morphology of the Galaxy Structure of Thin and Thick Disks Galactic Disk has two major components, the thin disk, and the thick disk. Thin disk: composed of young stars, dust, and gas, with Hnthin = 350 pc (youngest stars found with scale height of 35-90 pc). Thick disk: older stars with a scal ...
... The Morphology of the Galaxy Structure of Thin and Thick Disks Galactic Disk has two major components, the thin disk, and the thick disk. Thin disk: composed of young stars, dust, and gas, with Hnthin = 350 pc (youngest stars found with scale height of 35-90 pc). Thick disk: older stars with a scal ...
Chapter 14
... These objects are very close to the galactic center. The orbit on the right is the best fit; it assumes a central black hole of 3.7 million solar masses. ...
... These objects are very close to the galactic center. The orbit on the right is the best fit; it assumes a central black hole of 3.7 million solar masses. ...
No Slide Title
... for 40 What is the rare astronomical event involving the explosion of the majority of the material in a star, which results in an extremely bright, short-lived object that gives off vast quantities of energy? ...
... for 40 What is the rare astronomical event involving the explosion of the majority of the material in a star, which results in an extremely bright, short-lived object that gives off vast quantities of energy? ...
Additional Cosmology Images
... clusters NGC 265 and NGC 290 in the Small Magellanic Cloud — two sparkling sets of gemstones in the southern sky. These images, taken with Hubble's Advanced Camera for Surveys, show a myriad of stars in crystal clear detail. The brilliant open star clusters are located about 200,000 lightyears away ...
... clusters NGC 265 and NGC 290 in the Small Magellanic Cloud — two sparkling sets of gemstones in the southern sky. These images, taken with Hubble's Advanced Camera for Surveys, show a myriad of stars in crystal clear detail. The brilliant open star clusters are located about 200,000 lightyears away ...
bars and secular evolution
... evolution in spirals and lenticulars Tight link between the red mode of cluster formation and formation of the bulge - related to our problem in some way, though cluster formation is still poorly understood Faint fuzzies : old loosely bound clusters seen in annular region of some SB0 galaxies. Appar ...
... evolution in spirals and lenticulars Tight link between the red mode of cluster formation and formation of the bulge - related to our problem in some way, though cluster formation is still poorly understood Faint fuzzies : old loosely bound clusters seen in annular region of some SB0 galaxies. Appar ...
Chemical Evolution
... Newly synthesized metals from each stellar generation are assumed to be instantaneously recycled back into the ISM and instantaneously mixed throughout the region; thus, in this model, – metallicity always increases with time, and the region is perfectly homogeneous at all times. – the metallicity o ...
... Newly synthesized metals from each stellar generation are assumed to be instantaneously recycled back into the ISM and instantaneously mixed throughout the region; thus, in this model, – metallicity always increases with time, and the region is perfectly homogeneous at all times. – the metallicity o ...
Next Generation VLA Science White Paper
... forefront facilities. In very bright regions and through heroic efforts at lower resolution these diagnostics have been applied and explored, but their use as a general purpose tool remained limited by these simple sensitivity concerns. This changes with ALMA, but in the ν = 70–115 GHz range perhaps ...
... forefront facilities. In very bright regions and through heroic efforts at lower resolution these diagnostics have been applied and explored, but their use as a general purpose tool remained limited by these simple sensitivity concerns. This changes with ALMA, but in the ν = 70–115 GHz range perhaps ...
Ellipticity, Its Origin and Progression in Comoving Galaxies
... regions actually manifests as a non-Platonic, quasi-regular, dodecahedron when "close-packed" as part of an infinite universe. As for the size of these cosmic structures, they are in agreement with astronomical observations [11], viz, approximately 350 million lightyears (Mly) in diameter. Turning o ...
... regions actually manifests as a non-Platonic, quasi-regular, dodecahedron when "close-packed" as part of an infinite universe. As for the size of these cosmic structures, they are in agreement with astronomical observations [11], viz, approximately 350 million lightyears (Mly) in diameter. Turning o ...
Neistein_dekel60
... • How each process affects the galaxy mass? (feedback, SF, Cooling) • Why changing the parameters of a given process (e.g. SF) do not affect the galaxies? What is `self-regulation’? • What is the physics missing in order to reproduce the observational results (e.g. the LF)? • Can we extrapolate the ...
... • How each process affects the galaxy mass? (feedback, SF, Cooling) • Why changing the parameters of a given process (e.g. SF) do not affect the galaxies? What is `self-regulation’? • What is the physics missing in order to reproduce the observational results (e.g. the LF)? • Can we extrapolate the ...
Chapter 26: Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe Stars
... collapse shrinks the star's core to a white, glowing object about the size of Earth. A star at this point is called a white dwarf. Eventually, a white dwarf cools down and its light fades out. Supergiants and Supernovas A star that has much more mass than the Sun will end its life in a more dramatic ...
... collapse shrinks the star's core to a white, glowing object about the size of Earth. A star at this point is called a white dwarf. Eventually, a white dwarf cools down and its light fades out. Supergiants and Supernovas A star that has much more mass than the Sun will end its life in a more dramatic ...
margarita2007
... The ΛCDM Cold Dark Matter Double Dark theory based on this appears to be able to account for all the large scale features of the observable universe, including the details of ...
... The ΛCDM Cold Dark Matter Double Dark theory based on this appears to be able to account for all the large scale features of the observable universe, including the details of ...
Can we account for the dust
... M.J. Barlow, G.C. Sloan, A.A. Zijlstra, D. Stock, P.A. Whitelock, P. R. Wood, M.-R.L. Cioni, M.A.T. Groenewegen, K.Volk, J. Bernard-Salas, F. Kemper, T. Kodama, E. Lagadec, M. Meixner, S. Srinivasan, C. Szyszka, J.Th. van Loon ...
... M.J. Barlow, G.C. Sloan, A.A. Zijlstra, D. Stock, P.A. Whitelock, P. R. Wood, M.-R.L. Cioni, M.A.T. Groenewegen, K.Volk, J. Bernard-Salas, F. Kemper, T. Kodama, E. Lagadec, M. Meixner, S. Srinivasan, C. Szyszka, J.Th. van Loon ...
Galaxy
A galaxy is a gravitationally bound system of stars, stellar remnants, interstellar gas and dust, and dark matter. The word galaxy is derived from the Greek galaxias (γαλαξίας), literally ""milky"", a reference to the Milky Way. Galaxies range in size from dwarfs with just a few thousand (103) stars to giants with one hundred trillion (1014) stars, each orbiting their galaxy's own center of mass. Galaxies are categorized according to their visual morphology, including elliptical, spiral, and irregular. Many galaxies are thought to have black holes at their active centers. The Milky Way's central black hole, known as Sagittarius A*, has a mass four million times greater than our own Sun. As of July 2015, EGSY8p7 is the oldest and most distant galaxy with a light travel distance of 13.2 billion light-years from Earth, and observed as it existed 570 million years after the Big Bang. Previously, as of May 2015, EGS-zs8-1 was the most distant known galaxy, estimated to have a light travel distance of 13.1 billion light-years away and to have 15% of the mass of the Milky Way.Approximately 170 billion (1.7 × 1011) to 200 billion (2.0 × 1011) galaxies exist in the observable universe. Most of the galaxies are 1,000 to 100,000 parsecs in diameter and usually separated by distances on the order of millions of parsecs (or megaparsecs). The space between galaxies is filled with a tenuous gas with an average density less than one atom per cubic meter. The majority of galaxies are gravitationally organized into associations known as galaxy groups, clusters, and superclusters. At the largest scale, these associations are generally arranged into sheets and filaments that are surrounded by immense voids.