Annual Report 2011 - Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics
... cated the MPA to its current site. The MPA becomputational capabilities are expected to lead came fully independent in 1991. Kippenhahn reto rapid developments. Active areas of current tired shortly thereafter and this led to a period of research include stellar evolution, stellar atmouncertainty, w ...
... cated the MPA to its current site. The MPA becomputational capabilities are expected to lead came fully independent in 1991. Kippenhahn reto rapid developments. Active areas of current tired shortly thereafter and this led to a period of research include stellar evolution, stellar atmouncertainty, w ...
The visibility of Lyman Alpha Emitters: constraining reionization
... number of physical effects. First, the intrinsic Lyα luminosity depends on the total number of H I ionizing photons that are produced by a galaxy, depending on the star formation rate (SFR), age and metallicity of its stellar population (e.g. Santos 2004). Second, depending on the H I and dust conte ...
... number of physical effects. First, the intrinsic Lyα luminosity depends on the total number of H I ionizing photons that are produced by a galaxy, depending on the star formation rate (SFR), age and metallicity of its stellar population (e.g. Santos 2004). Second, depending on the H I and dust conte ...
IRAM Annual Report 2012
... Brown dwarfs lie between planets and stars in terms of mass and composition. They are too light to undergo hydrogen fusion but too massive to be called a planet. Their predicted masses range from about 0.014 to 0.075 M⊙, although the mass boundary with planets is subject to debate. ...
... Brown dwarfs lie between planets and stars in terms of mass and composition. They are too light to undergo hydrogen fusion but too massive to be called a planet. Their predicted masses range from about 0.014 to 0.075 M⊙, although the mass boundary with planets is subject to debate. ...
Digital Universe Guide - American Museum of Natural History
... Menu or by typing one of the shortcut keys (f, o, r, or t) in the Graphics Window. The active flight mode appears below the Flight Mode Menu. ...
... Menu or by typing one of the shortcut keys (f, o, r, or t) in the Graphics Window. The active flight mode appears below the Flight Mode Menu. ...
FLARE SWG theme 3: high
... Do metal-poor quasars exist? A drop in metallicity at yet higher redshifts? Lack of metals would mean less obscuration: few z>6 obscured quasars? FLARE could trace metallicity in first quasars out to z~8-10 ...
... Do metal-poor quasars exist? A drop in metallicity at yet higher redshifts? Lack of metals would mean less obscuration: few z>6 obscured quasars? FLARE could trace metallicity in first quasars out to z~8-10 ...
ESA BR-170 - ESA Science
... s recently as 200 years ago the Earth was widely thought to be only about six thousand years old – in 1650 Bishop Ussher had famously calculated the date of creation as 4004 BC. The first to recognise the true age of the Earth was a Scottish physician called James Hutton, an amateur geologist, who, ...
... s recently as 200 years ago the Earth was widely thought to be only about six thousand years old – in 1650 Bishop Ussher had famously calculated the date of creation as 4004 BC. The first to recognise the true age of the Earth was a Scottish physician called James Hutton, an amateur geologist, who, ...
Missions
... The first infrared survey of the sky, performed by Gerry Neugebauer and Robert Leighton – who built their own telescope for the purpose – changed this view completely. The results were published in 1965 and Harwit describes them as “electrifying”: they revealed ten objects that were completely invis ...
... The first infrared survey of the sky, performed by Gerry Neugebauer and Robert Leighton – who built their own telescope for the purpose – changed this view completely. The results were published in 1965 and Harwit describes them as “electrifying”: they revealed ten objects that were completely invis ...
A New Science Strategy for Space Astronomy and Astrophysics
... next decade,1 prepared by a committee under the leadership of John Bahcall. Like previous decadal studies in this field, the report identified in priority order the most important scientific programs and projects for both groundand space-based research. It recommended a single large initiative for s ...
... next decade,1 prepared by a committee under the leadership of John Bahcall. Like previous decadal studies in this field, the report identified in priority order the most important scientific programs and projects for both groundand space-based research. It recommended a single large initiative for s ...
PDF only - at www.arxiv.org.
... higher sensitivity. Together with a larger collecting area compared to Herschel observations of dedicated solar longitudes over a full martian year would provide for the first time vertical H2O2 profiles and in a unique way constrain photochemical models. Other important species are ...
... higher sensitivity. Together with a larger collecting area compared to Herschel observations of dedicated solar longitudes over a full martian year would provide for the first time vertical H2O2 profiles and in a unique way constrain photochemical models. Other important species are ...
EROs and submm galaxies: Expectations for FMOS in the
... The emission line is identified as Hα at z=1.34. [OII] at z=3.12 is ruled out from the absence of a continuum break and the extreme continuum ...
... The emission line is identified as Hα at z=1.34. [OII] at z=3.12 is ruled out from the absence of a continuum break and the extreme continuum ...
Annual Report 2006/2007
... The NOVA research program concentrates on the following three interconnected areas: • Network 1: Formation and evolution of galaxies: from high redshift to the present Galaxies contain billions of stars, as well as interstellar gas and dust, and are embedded in dark halos of unknown constitution. A ...
... The NOVA research program concentrates on the following three interconnected areas: • Network 1: Formation and evolution of galaxies: from high redshift to the present Galaxies contain billions of stars, as well as interstellar gas and dust, and are embedded in dark halos of unknown constitution. A ...
T3-Cosmic Star Formation History
... 2003, Daddi et al. 2004). Photometric redshifts have become an unavoidable tool for placing faint galaxies onto a cosmic timeline. Spitzer, Herschel, and submillimeter telescopes have revealed that dusty galaxies with star-formation rates (SFRs) of order 100 M year−1 or more were abundant when the ...
... 2003, Daddi et al. 2004). Photometric redshifts have become an unavoidable tool for placing faint galaxies onto a cosmic timeline. Spitzer, Herschel, and submillimeter telescopes have revealed that dusty galaxies with star-formation rates (SFRs) of order 100 M year−1 or more were abundant when the ...
SPICA Yellow Book
... ionisation potential. Using ratios between lines with different ionisation or critical densities, we can trace out a wide range of different physical-excitation conditions (Spinoglio & Malkan 1992). ...
... ionisation potential. Using ratios between lines with different ionisation or critical densities, we can trace out a wide range of different physical-excitation conditions (Spinoglio & Malkan 1992). ...
book_text4
... times larger. As well as being able to take sharper wide-field images, the other huge advantage Hubble has over ground-based telescopes is its ability to observe the near-infrared and ultraviolet light that is otherwise filtered away or masked by the atmosphere before it can reach the ground. In man ...
... times larger. As well as being able to take sharper wide-field images, the other huge advantage Hubble has over ground-based telescopes is its ability to observe the near-infrared and ultraviolet light that is otherwise filtered away or masked by the atmosphere before it can reach the ground. In man ...
Plotting the Rotation Curve of M31
... Answer: large collections of stars. They vary in their morphology and stellar composition i.e. ellipticals are red and contain older stars than spirals which are predominantly blue/white in colour and younger. What is a spectrum? Answer: a ‘fingerprint’ of an object made of light. The spectrum of vis ...
... Answer: large collections of stars. They vary in their morphology and stellar composition i.e. ellipticals are red and contain older stars than spirals which are predominantly blue/white in colour and younger. What is a spectrum? Answer: a ‘fingerprint’ of an object made of light. The spectrum of vis ...
Cold galaxies at low and high z
... Origin of the universe there are speculations about the origin of the universe theoretical physicists are trying to unify gravitation (ie General Relativity) and quantum theory into a single unified ‘theory of everything’ current favourite is ‘string theory’, but so far this makes no predictions ab ...
... Origin of the universe there are speculations about the origin of the universe theoretical physicists are trying to unify gravitation (ie General Relativity) and quantum theory into a single unified ‘theory of everything’ current favourite is ‘string theory’, but so far this makes no predictions ab ...
Variations in the Star Formation Efficiency of the Dense Molecular
... fraction (traced by the HCN-to-CO ratio) and the apparent star formation efficiency of dense gas (traced by the IR-to-HCN ratio). The latter may be unexpected, given the recent popularity of gas density threshold models to explain star formation scaling relations. Our survey used the IRAM 30-m teles ...
... fraction (traced by the HCN-to-CO ratio) and the apparent star formation efficiency of dense gas (traced by the IR-to-HCN ratio). The latter may be unexpected, given the recent popularity of gas density threshold models to explain star formation scaling relations. Our survey used the IRAM 30-m teles ...
ROSAT Ian R. Stevens* and David K. Strickland*
... reveal numerous super-star clusters arranged in an elongated ring around the nucleus (Kristen et al. 1997). NGC 1365 was not included in the original WR galaxy catalogue of Conti (1991), but was included in the subclass of WR barred spiral galaxies by Contini et al. (1995). NGC 1365 is rather differ ...
... reveal numerous super-star clusters arranged in an elongated ring around the nucleus (Kristen et al. 1997). NGC 1365 was not included in the original WR galaxy catalogue of Conti (1991), but was included in the subclass of WR barred spiral galaxies by Contini et al. (1995). NGC 1365 is rather differ ...
1 The Hubble Story (10:56)
... can only be seen in ultraviolet light, so they can never be studied with ground-based telescopes. Astonishing images of Saturn’s aurorae were also taken and reveal that the spectacular curtains of ultraviolet light rise more than a thousand miles above the cloud tops of the planet’s north and south ...
... can only be seen in ultraviolet light, so they can never be studied with ground-based telescopes. Astonishing images of Saturn’s aurorae were also taken and reveal that the spectacular curtains of ultraviolet light rise more than a thousand miles above the cloud tops of the planet’s north and south ...
The science case for - Astrophysics
... ever formed? By discovering and analysing distant galaxies, gas clouds, and supernovae, the history of star formation, and the creation history of the chemical elements can be quantified. What were the first objects? Were stars the first objects to form? Were the first stars the source of the ultrav ...
... ever formed? By discovering and analysing distant galaxies, gas clouds, and supernovae, the history of star formation, and the creation history of the chemical elements can be quantified. What were the first objects? Were stars the first objects to form? Were the first stars the source of the ultrav ...
An Expanded View of the Universe
... observations to be pushed to shorter wavelengths, into the ultraviolet, X-ray and gammaray regimes. This opening up of the high energy frontier generated a further flood of discoveries such as X-ray stars, gamma-ray bursts, black ...
... observations to be pushed to shorter wavelengths, into the ultraviolet, X-ray and gammaray regimes. This opening up of the high energy frontier generated a further flood of discoveries such as X-ray stars, gamma-ray bursts, black ...
2 Justification and benefits in joining TMT
... questions with the next generation extremely large class telescopes such as the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT). The Chinese participation in the TMT will place China in the forefront of astronomy for many decades to come; it can be a transformational experience for Chinese astronomy in terms of scienc ...
... questions with the next generation extremely large class telescopes such as the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT). The Chinese participation in the TMT will place China in the forefront of astronomy for many decades to come; it can be a transformational experience for Chinese astronomy in terms of scienc ...
The Age Distribution of Potential Intelligent Life in the Milky Way
... From this equation we can see that the gas mass lost as it is turned into stars (per parsec squared per year) is proportional to the total mass of gas (per parsec squared) to the power n. Observations of distant galaxies have found this relationship to hold consistently, just with varying values of ...
... From this equation we can see that the gas mass lost as it is turned into stars (per parsec squared per year) is proportional to the total mass of gas (per parsec squared) to the power n. Observations of distant galaxies have found this relationship to hold consistently, just with varying values of ...
The chemical enrichment of the ICM from hydrodynamical simulations
... A number of authors have presented hydrodynamical simulations for the formation of cosmic structures, which include treatments of the chemical evolution at different levels of complexity. Raiteri et al. (1996) presented SPH simulations of the Galaxy, forming in an isolated halo, by following iron an ...
... A number of authors have presented hydrodynamical simulations for the formation of cosmic structures, which include treatments of the chemical evolution at different levels of complexity. Raiteri et al. (1996) presented SPH simulations of the Galaxy, forming in an isolated halo, by following iron an ...
Science Case for the Chinese Participation of TMT
... questions with the next generation extremely large class telescopes such as the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT). The Chinese participation in the TMT will place China in the forefront of astronomy for many decades to come; it can be a transformational experience for Chinese astronomy in terms of scienc ...
... questions with the next generation extremely large class telescopes such as the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT). The Chinese participation in the TMT will place China in the forefront of astronomy for many decades to come; it can be a transformational experience for Chinese astronomy in terms of scienc ...
Galaxy
A galaxy is a gravitationally bound system of stars, stellar remnants, interstellar gas and dust, and dark matter. The word galaxy is derived from the Greek galaxias (γαλαξίας), literally ""milky"", a reference to the Milky Way. Galaxies range in size from dwarfs with just a few thousand (103) stars to giants with one hundred trillion (1014) stars, each orbiting their galaxy's own center of mass. Galaxies are categorized according to their visual morphology, including elliptical, spiral, and irregular. Many galaxies are thought to have black holes at their active centers. The Milky Way's central black hole, known as Sagittarius A*, has a mass four million times greater than our own Sun. As of July 2015, EGSY8p7 is the oldest and most distant galaxy with a light travel distance of 13.2 billion light-years from Earth, and observed as it existed 570 million years after the Big Bang. Previously, as of May 2015, EGS-zs8-1 was the most distant known galaxy, estimated to have a light travel distance of 13.1 billion light-years away and to have 15% of the mass of the Milky Way.Approximately 170 billion (1.7 × 1011) to 200 billion (2.0 × 1011) galaxies exist in the observable universe. Most of the galaxies are 1,000 to 100,000 parsecs in diameter and usually separated by distances on the order of millions of parsecs (or megaparsecs). The space between galaxies is filled with a tenuous gas with an average density less than one atom per cubic meter. The majority of galaxies are gravitationally organized into associations known as galaxy groups, clusters, and superclusters. At the largest scale, these associations are generally arranged into sheets and filaments that are surrounded by immense voids.